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In this work, a ternary hydrodesulfurization catalyst with fluorine introduced into the FeZn bimetallic active sites was prepared by a step-by-step incipient wetness impregnation. Among them, the sulfur removal ability increases gradually with the addition of F, and then tends to remain constant. Compared with FeZn catalyst, the maximum activity of the fluorinated catalyst can increase to 6 times at 613 K. It is found that the synergy effect exists in the ternary FeZnF species according to the characterization results. As a part of the active phase, not only the acidity of the catalyst was improved and the dispersion of metal species was optimized by F, but also the closed cycle of complex electron transfer among Fe-Zn-F was aggravated resulting in the weaken of Fe-O/Fe-S bond. Therefore, the sulfurization degree of FeZnF(x) was improved which leads to more active sites and noteworthy HDS activity. [Display omitted] • The ternary Fe-Zn-F was obtained by introducing the promoter F into the active sites. • The HDS activity was enhanced and the trend was increased and then remained invariant. • The electron transfer behavior among Fe, Zn and F was important to improve activity. • The acidity and dispersion played an auxiliary role in the amelioration of activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]