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In order to study the crowd evacuation process in complex subway stations, this paper proposes a social group perception evacuation model based on the social group evacuation model and the perception evacuation model, combined with the spatial index algorithm and the social group random algorithm, and takes a real subway station as an example to simulate the crowd evacuation process. Through the simulation results, the evacuation bottlenecks in the subway station are analyzed and the influence of social groups on evacuation efficiency is also verified. The results show that subway gates, fenced aisles and exits are important bottlenecks for crowd evacuation in subway stations, and the social groups will reduce the evacuation efficiency. This model can more truly restore the interaction behavior between evacuees and the environment in the evacuation process, and is suitable for the real complex subway stations. • Bottlenecks that affecting evacuation efficiency in subway stations mainly include subway gates, fenced aisles and exits. • Social groups have an important effect on evacuation efficiency. • The variation trends of panic index of individuals and social groups under different desired velocities are basically the same. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new super queue model with yielding behavior is proposed to model the orderly evacuation process of young pupils in a classroom building. A super queue is composed of a super leader and several simple queues. Based on this, a leader-follower model is proposed to model the orderly behavior between pupils in a super queue, and an exclusive channel model is proposed to model the yielding behavior between super queues. Taking the evacuation of a classroom building as an example, the super queues and yielding behavior are reproduced and are very similar to the actual behavior (both qualitatively and quantitatively). Based on the model, scenarios are simulated to analyze the impacts of several factors on evacuation efficiency. The results show the following: (1) The stop-and-go effect greatly affects the overall evacuation efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary for students to maintain sufficient concentration to shorten their reaction time during the stopping and going process, thereby improving the evacuation efficiency. (2) Different yielding strategies have little impact on the overall evacuation efficiency. Therefore, in an actual evacuation case, flexible yielding strategies can be adopted in order to consider the needs of each class. (3) By optimizing evacuees' behaviors, such as improving their reaction times, the efficiency of an evacuation with queuing and yielding can become close to that of a disordered evacuation. At the same time, due to its higher safety and easier management process, a queuing and yielding evacuation can be a safe and relatively efficient method for real evacuations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]