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Recently, many deep learning methods are applied with the spatial information to learn features for polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) image classification. However, without considering the multi-scale information, the classification performance of these methods are limited. Hence, this paper proposes a multi-scale feature extraction method based on stacked sparse autoencoder (SSAE), named the multi-scale SSAE (MS-SSAE), to improve the classification performance. This method extracts the deep multi-scale features by a two-stage framework. In the first stage, the SSAE uses training data at different scales to extract the multi-scale features. Then, a 1-D average pooling strategy is proposed to reduce the feature dimensionality at the second stage. Therefore, the MS-SSAE can capture discriminative multi-scale features. The experimental results certify that the MS-SSAE can not only improve the classification accuracy, but also remain the details in the image. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the introduction of spatial-spectral fusion and deep learning, the classification performance of hyperspectral imagery (HSI) has been promoted greatly. For some widely used datasets, the classification accuracy almost reaches 100%. However, for hyperspectral image classification, random sampling is still the most common strategy to collect the training and test samples. Because the training and test samples are randomly selected from the same image, so they have a high correlation and the classification results are overoptimistic. Besides, random sampling is not a good choice for practical applications because we cannot always collect training and test samples from the same region. Disjoint sampling selects training and testing samples from different local regions, which will provide a more objective performance evaluation for HSI classification models. In this paper, we first show the huge classification performance difference caused by different sampling strategies with a simple experiment, then we analyze the underlying reasons from the spectral information, spatial-spectral combination, sample overlapping and spatial distance, finally, a semi-supervised feature learning method is proposed for disjoint HSI classification, in which the spatial and spectral information are exploited effectively and reasonably. The experimental results based on three HSI datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A dual branch attention fusion deep network for classification is proposed. • An adaptive center offset sampling strategy for each patch is proposed. • Two attention based modules to highlight the advantages of two different data. • The feature level fusion is achieved by the proposed network. In recent years, with the diversification of acquisition methods of very high resolution panchromatic (PAN) and multispectral (MS) remote sensing images, multiresolution remote sensing classification has become a research hotspot. In this paper, from the perspective of data–driven deep learning, we design a dual–branch attention fusion deep network (DBAF–Net) for the multiresolution classification. It aims to integrate the feature–level fusion and classification into an end–to–end network model. In the process of establishing a training sample library, unlike the traditional pixel–centric sampling strategy with fixed patch size, we propose an adaptive center–offset sampling strategy (ACO–SS), which allows each patch to adaptively determine the neighborhood range by finding the texture structure of the pixel to be classified. And the neighborhood range is not symmetrical with this pixel, we expect to capture the neighborhood information that is more conducive to its classification. In network structure, based on the captured patches by ACO–SS, we design a spatial attention module (SA–module) for PAN data and a channel attention module (CA–module) for MS data, thus highlighting the spatial resolution advantages of PAN data and the multi–channel advantages of MS data, respectively. Then these two features are interfused to improve and strengthen the fusion features in both spatial and channel. The quantitative and qualitative experimental results verify the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Convolutional neural network (CNN) has proven effective at solving difficult image classification problems, but it can be challenging to design its architecture. We try to simplify the search process of the optimal architecture and minimize human participation, so quantum behaved Particle Swarm Optimization with binary encoding (BQPSO) is employed after analyzing the limitations of traditional Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). To do this, we propose a novel and robust binary encoding strategy which does not require users with domain knowledge on CNN. Then a new quantum behaved evolving strategy is proposed to ensure the effectiveness of evolved CNN architectures. Finally, the performance of our algorithm is measured by the classification accuracy for several benchmark datasets commonly used in deep learning. The experimental results prove that our proposed method can achieve better performance and robustness than the traditional method. This is the first completely automatic algorithm in the area of using quantum behaved PSO to evolve CNN architectures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The high dimensionality of hyperspectral imagery often introduces challenge for the conventional data analysis techniques. In order to improve the classification performance of hyperspectral imagery, metric learning is often introduced to assign small distances between samples from the same class and large distances from different class. However, most of the traditional metric learning methods only adopt linear transformations, which cannot capture the complex nonlinear relationships between high dimensional samples. Inspired by the successful application of deep learning for the classification of hyperspectral imagery. In this paper, the deep neural network is introduced to learn the discriminating metric for the classification of hyperspectral images. In order to improve the reliability of classification results, the spectral and spatial information are combined with weighted classification probabilities. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves satisfactory classification performance when compared with other metric learning methods or deep models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]