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A piezoelectric based touch sensitive device has been successfully fabricated by screen printing silver (Ag) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) inks as conductive and piezoelectric materials, respectively, on paper substrate. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed to verify the formation of β-phase crystals in the PVDF layer during the curing process. Voltages, as high as 0.22 V, were observed for human finger touch tests and a sensitivity of 0.3 V/N was obtained when varying forces ranging from 0.2 N to 1.4 N, in steps of 0.2 N, were applied on the printed device. The piezoelectric-voltage analysis demonstrated that the printed device can be used for both touch and force sensing applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here we report a new conductivity sensing mechanism using a closed bipolar electrode (BPE) system for the first time. Briefly, the voltage dropping across the ECL reporting cell will change with the sample conductivity of the analytes cell in a closed bipolar system. Thus, a quantitative relation between the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) response and the sample conductivity is established. Based on this principle, chemicals those are not electroactive materials and do not participate in the ECL process can be detected now, which greatly expands the application range of the BPE and the powerful ECL technique. Then a paper-based bipolar ECL conductivity sensing platform was constructed and carefully characterized, and the results proved the rationality of this newly-proposed bipolar conductivity sensing mechanism. More importantly, this design is also a universal sensing platform, suitable for all the electrolytes without electroactivity (newly proposed), electroactive chemicals and chemicals directly related to the ECL reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: We have developed flexible top emission organic light-emitting devices by using sputtered Ni films on the parylene coated copy paper substrates. The Ni film grew through the coalescence of the Ni islands nucleated on the cellulose fiber patterns. The parylene, acting as a buffer layer for preventing water absorption, affected the morphological and electrical characteristics of the deposited Ni films. The flexible top emission diode device composed of Ni anode and Ca/Ag semitransparent cathode exhibited a luminance of ∼1 cd/m2 at a driving voltage of 14.5 V. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]