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[Display omitted] • The combined electrochemical and transport kinetic parameters of CoS 2 /LiCl-LiBr-KBr system at the varied high temperature were systematically studied. • The effects of electrochemical and transport behavior on the impedance characteristic of CoS 2 /LiCl-LiBr-KBr were explored by proposing a equivalent-circuit model. • The results of this research is basis for the design and optimization of the new thermal battery cell. Systematic researches of ionic transport and electrochemical characteristics have been seldom implemented for the porous CoS 2 electrode in ternary LiCl-LiBr-KBr, which are ideal and main form for advanced thermal batteries. In the work, we systematically measured the combined electrochemical and transport kinetic parameters of CoS 2 /LiCl-LiBr-KBr system at the varied high temperature. Specifically, we firstly explored the discharge mechanism of CoS 2 /molten LiCl-LiBr-KBr using galvanostatic discharge experiment and X-ray diffraction (XRD). For the ionic transport performance, the diffusion coefficient of active Li ions was calculated from cyclic voltammograms (CV) data, and the ionic conductivity of LiCl-LiBr-KBr and electric conductivity of CoS 2 and generated Co 9 S 8 were also measured. Then, the interfacial electrochemical characteristics (exchange current density and transfer coefficients) were comparatively studied by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and linear sweep voltammograms (LSV) method. Based on the above-mentioned results, we further investigated the comprehensive effects of these factors on the electrochemical and transport behavior by proposing a equivalent-circuit model of the porous CoS 2 electrode soaked in LiCl-LiBr-KBr molten salts. The results of this research is basis for the design and optimization of the new thermal battery cell, and will contribute to a knowledge-based development of the advanced TBs in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A route is proposed to load nanoparticles and electrolyte into ceramic paper separator. • The proposed route is efficient and safe, which can be promoted to used in large scales. • Electrochemical performance of thermal batteries can be obviously improved with ceramic paper as separator. Composites consisted of ceramic paper, nanoparticles as well as molten salt electrolyte, are developed as the new electrolyte separators to substitute the traditional ones in thermal batteries, due to their flexible manufacture and good exhibition in electrochemical performance. However, the existed methods for fabricating the composites by roughly dip-coating with aqueous solutions, are suffering from drawbacks such as inefficiency, low consistence, or high temperature risk. Therefore, a new approach based on a melting-absorption-diffusion process, by using precursors without solvent, is developed. Firstly, the salts are accurately weighted. Then they melt on surfaces of ceramic papers and diffuse inside. After being treated at appropriate temperature for hours, high quality electrolyte separators based on ceramic papers are achieved. Compared to the traditional approaches, the new method can obviously increase and accurately control the amount of loaded nanoparticles and molten salts for each time. The achieved electrolyte separators also exhibit good electrochemical performance in single cells of thermal batteries compared with the traditional ones. With advantages like easy operation, high efficiency, and improved performance, this melting and in situ loading method holds broad prospect in preparing electrolyte separators at large scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]