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Abstract: The emergence of bacterial resistance to common antibiotics poses a threat to human health and has rekindled an interest in antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). LHP7, a novel hybrid AMP containing 83 amino acid residues was designed on the basis of the LH28 and plectasin. LHP7 was expressed in Pichia pastoris, the total concentration of secreted protein reached 0.906g/L after 108h of methanol induction. Its antimicrobial activity was higher than that of the parent AMPs; the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of LHP7 against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus suis were 0.091, 0.023 and 0.18μM, respectively. The antibacterial activity of LHP7 against clinical MRSA isolates (MICs=0.73–2.91μM) was enhanced over that of plectasin. The fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) indicated a synergistic effect between LHP7 and ampicillin against MRSA (FIC=0.375), and combinations of LHP7 with gentamicin, rifampin or tetracycline provided evidence of additive effects (FIC=0.625–1.0). LHP7 exhibited a broad range of pH stability and thermostability, and a hemolytic activity of less than 5% below a concentration of 500μg/mL. It was resistant to pepsin and papain digestion, but sensitive to trypsin digestion. These results suggest that LHP7 might have potential as a broadly applied and clinically useful antimicrobial agent. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Highlights: [•] First report of cloning of a novel AP gene from Saccharomyces boulardii. [•] Heterologous expression of high-activity rAP in Pichia pastoris X-33. [•] rAP possess favorable enzymatic characters. [•] rAP possess the function of dephosphorylation of LPS. [•] rAP alleviate inflammation responses caused by LPS. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]