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In this work, fine nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) were successfully made utilizing a straightforward co-precipitation approach at low temperature. The effects of precursor concentration on the structural, optical, and electrical characteristics of NiO nanoparticles were investigated. All indexed diffraction peaks in XRD demonstrate the production of NiO with cubic structure. An increase in NiO crystallite size above 16.8 nm was observed when the precursor concentration exceeds 2 M, suggesting the presence of nanostructure in the final product. In FT-Raman spectra, the band centered at ∼ 500 cm–1 is due to Ni-O stretching (LO) mode, and two-magnon (2 M) scattering mode causes the band at 1514 cm–1. The synthesized product is composed of almost rod-shaped particles with a size range of 10–20 nm, according to FESEM pictures. The UV absorption studies showed a high absorption at the fundamental absorption edges originating at 332 nm, which gradually shifted to a lower energy region up to 400 nm with increasing precursor concentration, which means a reduction in bandgap values. The effect of precursor concentration associated with the electrical characteristics of the produced NiO nanoparticles has been investigated for the temperature range 30 to 130 °C. The I-V characterization was used to compute the different photo-diode parameters including n, Ф B , I o , P S , R, QE, and D*. The remarkable high photosensitivity of 1100% and specific detectivity of 4.324 × 10−10 Jones for the diode evaluated at 120 mW/cm2 was observed in a 2 M fabricated diode. These findings imply that all the fabricated diodes are exceptionally light-sensitive and are well-suited for upcoming UV photodetector applications. [Display omitted] • Development of NiO nanostructures-based photodiode with remarkable photosensitivity is reported • The XRD and Raman analyses confirm the synthesis of cubic NiO system • Crystallite size was improved from 10 to 17 nm with an increase in molar concentrations • Rising concentrations cause a steady decrease in the band gap energy from 3.45 to 3.1 eV. • A remarkably high photosensitivity of 1100% was observed for the device developed with 2 M concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Ni-ZnO is impressive in hampering breast cancer cells growth. • Ni-ZnO revealed nuclear condensation and fragmentation. • Ni-ZnO is worth enough to serve as an anticancer drug. Nanostructured zinc oxide received much attention with its distinctive properties. Undoped and doped ZnO formation by hydrothermal route was summarized. ZnO hexagonal structure was confirmed by sharp X-ray diffraction peak corresponding to crystalline plane (1 0 1), and doped ZnO diffraction peaks have a minor shift to inferior angle by 0.6˚. FTIR confirmed Zn-O vibration band observed at 422 cm−1. The doping concentration played a vital role in materials morphology and optical properties. SEM confirmed the existence of thin uniform nanoplate surface morphology. ZnO oxygen vacancies were revealed by PL spectra, which exhibited a chief role in anticancer mechanism and activity with green emission (491 nm, 2.52 eV) originated from electrons shift between ionized oxygen vacancy and valence band. Prepared ZnO with and without dopants have been explored to reveal anticancer applications, and obtained results are more suitable for real-time applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Improved specific capacitance of 365 Fg−1 at 1 Ag−1 was achieved. • Outstanding 99% cyclabilty even after 5000 cycles was achieved. • Product explored enhanced stability. Electrode material potential evolution is a proficient and vast challenge to deliver improved electrochemical performance in supercapacitors. This work reports a combination of ternary selenide (CoNiSe 2) electrode performance. Different surfactant effect seems to boost up prepared electrode performance. Hexagonal structured CoNiSe 2 revealed sharp XRD peak at 33.4° (1 0 1) plane and explored crystalline phase purity. FTIR uphold functional O–H group and a metal complex. The sharp band at 476 cm−1 ascribed to Se bonding with the obtained product. PEG-1000 influence on ternary selenide elucidates charge transfer kinetics between energy levels among CTAB and HMTA. The electrode shows outstanding energy storage capacities with 99% of cyclability long-lasting even after 5000 cycles. The ternary selenide using PEG 1000 assisted surfactant experiences enhanced stability with an improved capacitance of 365 Fg−1 at 1 Ag−1. Among surfactants, PEG 1000 assisted CoNiSe 2 showed excellent performance and proves the product is well suitable for the storage applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Unique layered structural property enhanced electrochemical performance. • Increased specific capacitance of 1100 Fg−1 at 0.5 A/g at 0.5 V. • Better rate capability and stability achieved within studied range. • Product explored enhanced stability and retains 98.1% after 2000 cycles. Material storage property enrichment with good electrochemical performance is a foremost challenge. Cobalt hydroxide and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composite synthesized via chemical precipitation method showed improved specific capacitance and cycle stability. The unique rGO layered structure in composite enhanced overall electrochemical performance. Raman spectra revealed disordered rGO structure and A 1g mode of Co(OH) 2 in composite. rGO/Co(OH) 2 electrode showed increased specific capacitance of 1100 Fg−1 at 0.5 Ag−1 with better rate capability and good stability (98.1%) after 2000 cycles. These results proved that rGO/Co(OH) 2 is a perfect electrode for electrochemical energy storage applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]