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• LPL-FCS patients aged 2-9 years needed to restrict dietary LCT intakes to <20en%. • LPL-FCS patients under 2 years needed to restrict dietary LCT intakes to <10en%. • In patients under 9 years, TG levels and LCT intakes were positively correlated. • MCT securely offered extra energy to children with LPL-FCS. • Nine novel variants in LPL expanded the genetic profile of LPL-FCS. Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) deficiency, the most common familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS), is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by chylomicronemia and severe hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), with limited clinical and genetic characterization. To describe the manifestations and management of 19 pediatric patients with LPL-FCS. LPL-FCS patients from 2014 to 2022 were divided into low-fat (LF), very-low-fat (VLF) and medium-chain-triglyceride (MCT) groups. Their clinical data were evaluated to investigate the effect of different diets. The genotype-phenotype relationship was assessed. Linear regression comparing long-chain triglyceride (LCT) intake and TG levels was analyzed. Nine novel LPL variants were identified in 19 LPL-FCS pediatric patients. At baseline, eruptive xanthomas occurred in 3/19 patients, acute pancreatitis in 2/19, splenomegaly in 6/19 and hepatomegaly in 3/19. The median triglyceride (TG) level (30.3 mmol/L) was markedly increased. The MCT group and VLF group with LCT intakes <20 en% (energy percentage) had considerably lower TG levels than the LF group (both p <0.05). The LF group presented with severe HTG and significantly decreased TG levels after restricting LCT intakes to <20 en% (p <0.05). Six infants decreased TG levels to <10 mmol/L by keeping LCT intake <10 en%. TG levels and LCT intake were positively correlated in both patients under 2 years (r=0.84) and those aged 2-9 years (r=0.89). No genotype-phenotype relationship was observed. This study broadens the clinical and genetic spectra of LPL-FCS. The primary therapy for LPL-FCS pediatric patients is restricting dietary LCTs to <10 en% or <20 en% depending on different ages. MCTs potentially provide extra energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Employing a DID method using the NIP as a quasi-natural experiment. • NIP implementations significantly improved CAs of students in poverty. • Mechanisms are health status, sense of belonging at school, and expectations for the future. • Nutritional poverty alleviation programs helped promote human capital development. While considerable attention has been paid to the benefits of school nutritious feeding, little literature focused on the effect on human capital accumulation for students in poverty. By drawing on the quasi-natural experiment of the Nutrition Improvement Program (NIP) and adopting the Difference-in-Differences (DID) method, we sought to determine the causal relationship between school nutritious feeding and the cognitive ability (CA) development among poor students in China. Specifically, our estimates confirmed that NIP implementations significantly improved the CAs of students in poverty, which is supported by several robustness checks. Moreover, the potential mechanisms of this positive effect included improved health status, enhanced sense of belonging at school, and increased positive expectations for the future. Our study further enriches the literature on the positive effects of school nutritious feeding and provides insights for developing countries to customize nutritional poverty alleviation programs to promote human capital development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Improving the level of self-management by people undergoing hemodialysis is an effective way to reduce the incidence of mortality and complications and improve quality of life. A better understanding of what influences an individual's level of selfmanagement can help nurses find appropriate ways to improve self-management. Objectives: To examine self-management levels, and discuss the factors influencing self- management, in a sample of patients undergoing hemodialysis in Beijing. Design: A descriptive study design was chosen. Settings and methods: A convenience sample of 216 patients undergoing hemodialysis was recruited from dialysis centers in three tertiary hospitals in Beijing from September 2010 to January 2011. Questionnaires were used to examine the variables: level of selfmanagement; knowledge of hemodialysis; self-efficacy; anxiety and depression; and social support. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, including frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviations, while Spearman correlation, non-parametric Z and x² and multiple linear regression were used for comparative purposes. Results: The number of returned questionnaires was 198 (91.67% response rate). The overall score of self-management was 56.01 (SD = 10.75). The average item scores for each of the four self-management subscales were 3.02 for partnership, 2.98 for problem-solving skills, 2.74 for self-care and 2.47 for emotional management. Multiple linear regression analyses for overall self-management and the four subscales indicated that knowledge, self-efficacy, the availability of social support and depression were the main influencing factors which explained 34.1% of the variance of self-management. Conclusion: The level of self-management by those undergoing hemodialysis in this study was less than ideal, varying from 'rare' to 'sometimes' for use of self-management behaviors. For the different subscales of self-management, partnership was the most used and emotional management the least used strategy. Patients' knowledge, self-efficacy, the availability of social support and depression were the main factors influencing self-management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Objective: This multicenter, prospective cohort study evaluated the effect of preoperative nutritional support in abdominal surgical patients at nutritional risk as defined by the Nutritional Risk Screening Tool 2002 (NRS-2002). Methods: A consecutive series of patients admitted for selective abdominal surgery in the Peking Union Medical College Hospital and the Beijing University Third Hospital in Beijing, China were recruited from March 2007 to July 2008. Data were collected on the nutritional risk screening (NRS-2002), the application of perioperative nutritional support, surgery, complications, and length of stay. A minimum of 7 d of parenteral nutrition or enteral nutrition before surgery was considered adequate preoperative nutritional support. Results: In total 1085 patients were recruited, and 512 of them were at nutritional risk. Of the 120 patients with an NRS score at least 5, the complication rate was significantly lower in the preoperative nutrition group compared with the control group (25.6% versus 50.6%, P = 0.008). The postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter in the preoperative nutrition group than in the control group (13.7 ± 7.9 versus 17.9 ± 11.3 d, P = 0.018). Of the 392 patients with an NRS score from 3 to 4, the complication rate and the postoperative hospital stay were similar between patients with and those without preoperative nutritional support (P = 1.0 and 0.770, respectively). Conclusion: This finding suggests that preoperative nutritional support is beneficial to patients with an NRS score at least 5 by lowering the complication rate. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]