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34. Effects of Mindfulness and Life-Skills Training on Emotion Regulation and Anxiety Symptoms in Chinese Migrant Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Author

Lan, Luwan, Liu, Wanqing, Liu, Chen, Wang, Huan, Wang, Min, Abbey, Cody, Singh, Manpreet K., Rozelle, Scott, She, Xinshu, and Tong, Lian

Abstract

China's rapid urbanization has been associated with increased mental health challenges, especially in rural-to-urban migrant children. This study evaluates the effects of mindfulness and life-skills (LS) training on emotional regulation and anxiety symptoms from a randomized controlled trial aimed at improving the mental health of Chinese migrant children. Two intervention arms—mindfulness training (MT) and MT plus LS mentorship (MT + LS)—were compared to a waitlist control group of 368 migrant children aged 9–17 years. Volunteers were trained to deliver interventions to 285 migrant children in small groups of 15 for eight weeks weekly. Social integration varied: migrant children mixed with local children at public schools were considered highly integrated, those in migrant-only classrooms at public schools had intermediate levels of integration, and children in private migrant schools had low integration. Emotion regulation and anxiety symptoms were assessed preintervention, postintervention, and three months postintervention. Postintervention and compared to the control group, children with high social integration in the MT arm showed increased cognitive reappraisal ability (p <.05) but higher physical anxiety (p <.01). Children with high social integration in the MT + LS arm had lower anxiety symptoms of harm avoidance (p <.01) and physical anxiety (p <.05). Children with low social integration in the MT + LS arm showed lower cognitive reappraisal (p <.01) and poorer overall emotion regulation abilities (p <.01). Three months later, children with intermediate integration in the MT + LS arm had lower separation anxiety (p <.05) and harm avoidance anxiety (p <.05). No other groups showed significant improvements in emotion regulation or reducing in anxiety symptoms three months postintervention. Mindfulness and LS training may benefit Chinese migrant children who have higher levels of social integration but increase anxiety in those with lower social integration. Future research should consider the sociocultural context in which a treatment is implemented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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50. Natural antibacterial agent-based nanoparticles for effective treatment of intracellular MRSA infection.

Author

Zou, Xinshu, Cai, Shuang, Wang, Tingting, Zheng, Sidi, Cui, Xilong, Hao, Jingyou, Chen, Xueying, Liu, Yanyan, Zhang, Zhiyun, and Li, Yanhua

Subjects
ANTIBACTERIAL agents, METHICILLIN-resistant staphylococcus aureus, CHINESE medicine, DRUG delivery systems, DRUG resistance, NANOPARTICLES
Abstract

Intracellular MRSA is extremely difficult to eradicate by traditional antibiotics, leading to infection dissemination and drug resistance. A general lack of facile and long-term strategies to effectively eliminate intracellular MRSA. In this study, glabridin (GLA)-loaded pH-responsive nanoparticles (NPs) were constructed using cinnamaldehyde (CA)-dextran conjugates as carriers. These NPs targeted infected macrophages/MRSA via dextran mediation and effectively accumulated at the MRSA infection site. The NPs were then destabilized in response to the low pH of the lysosomes, which triggered the release of CA and GLA. The released CA downregulated the expression of cytotoxic pore-forming toxins, thereby decreasing the damage of macrophage and risk of the intracellular bacterial dissemination. Meanwhile, GLA could rapidly kill intracellularly entrapped MRSA with a low possibility of developing resistance. Using a specific combination of the natural antibacterial agents CA and GLA, NPs effectively eradicated intracellular MRSA with low toxicity to normal tissues in a MRSA-induced peritonitis model. This strategy presents a potential alternative for enhancing intracellular MRSA therapy, particularly for repeated and long-term clinical applications. Intracellular MRSA infections are a growing threat to public health, and there is a general lack of a facile strategy for efficiently eliminating intracellular MRSA while reducing the ever-increasing drug resistance. In this study, pH-responsive and macrophage/MRSA-targeting nanoparticles were prepared by conjugating the phytochemical cinnamaldehyde to dextran to encapsulate the natural antibacterial agent glabridin. Using a combination of traditional Chinese medicine, the NPs significantly increased drug accumulation in MRSA and showed superior intracellular and extracellular bactericidal activity. Importantly, the NPs can inhibit potential intracellular bacteria dissemination and reduce the development of drug resistance, thus allowing for repeated treatment. Natural antibacterial agent-based drug delivery systems are an attractive alternative for facilitating the clinical treatment of intracellular MRSA infections. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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