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This study aims to evaluate the types of neuropathy in a cohort of restless leg syndrome (RLS) patients and compare them with primary RLS. RLS symptoms can occur in peripheral neuropathy and may cause diagnostic confusion, and there is a paucity of studies comparing neuropathic RLS and primary RLS. Patients with RLS diagnosed according to the international restless legs syndrome study group criteria were categorized as primary RLS or secondary. Those with evidence of peripheral neuropathy were categorized as neuropathic RLS. The demographic, clinical, laboratory profile and therapeutic response to dopamine agonists at 6 months and 1 year of neuropathic RLS patients were compared between primary and secondary RLS patients. There were 82 patients with RLS of whom 22 had peripheral neuropathy and 28 had primary RLS. The etiology of neuropathic RLS was diabetes mellitus in 13, renal failure in six, hypothyroidism in five, demyelinating in two, nutritional deficiency in three, leprosy in one, and miscellaneous etiologies in four patients. The neuropathic RLS patients were older (46.0 ± 14.1 versus 35.8 ± 15.4 years), had shorter duration of illness (1.4 ± 1.4 versus 6.2 ± 6.2 years) and were more frequently symptomatic. RLS symptoms were asymmetric in primary RLS patients compared to neuropathic RLS (25% versus 0%). The therapeutic response was similar in both groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background This study was undertaken to evaluate the frequency of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) at admission and its correlation with clinical and radiological severity of stroke and outcome. Methods Two hundred c onsecutive stroke patients within 48 hours of ictus were prospectively included, and their clinical details including Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), and feature of raised intracranial tension were noted. Computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging finding included stroke type, location, size, midline shift, herniation, and intraventricular hemorrhage score. SIRS was noted on days 1, 2, 7, and 15. Death and outcome at 3 months were based on modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score. Results Seventy-five (37.5%) had infraction and 125(62.5%) intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). SIRS was present in 120 (60%) patients: all the features in 56 (28%), 3 in 48 (24%), and 2 in 16 (8%). The presence of SIRS decreased with time: on the second day in 57%, seventh day in 43%, and 15th day in 21% of patients. Admission SIRS correlated with the GCS score ( P < .001), NIHSS score ( P < .001), volume of ICH ( P < .001), infarction size ( P < .001), hypernatremia ( P = .001), and respiratory paralysis ( P < .001). Thirty-one (15.5%) patients died, and 30 (97%) of them had SIRS. At 3 months, 110 (55%) patients had poor outcome (mRS >2) and of them 90 (82%) had SIRS ( P < .001). On multivariate regression analysis, the number of SIRS criteria ( P = .16) was not significantly related to 3-month outcome and death but independently related to NIHSS score at admission (odds ratio [OR] = 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.22-1.56; P < .001), GCS score (OR = 1.32; 95% CI = 1.01-1.71; P = .04), and duration of hospitalization (OR = 1.07; 95% CI = 1.01-1.15; P = .03). Conclusions SIRS at presentation is a useful marker for clinicoradiological severity of stroke but not an independent marker of death and disability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]