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The Podiatric Health Questionnaire (PHQ) is a foot health psicometric tool consisting of six items for measuring foot health status. Currently, PHQ has been adapted into Spanish. Thus, this research focused on develop the Persian translation and adaptation of the PHQ. The translation into Persian and test-retest reliability methods were applied from english version questionnarie. As regards to the total mark for each sub-scale, internal consistency and reliability were determined by the Cronbach α and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) with a confidence interval (CI) of 95%. High internal consistency was shown for the six sub-scales: a) walk with a Cronbach α of 0.775; b) hygiene and c) nail care with 0.789 and 0.796 respectively; d) foot on pain with 0.779; e) concern domain with 0.788; and f) quality of life with 0.798; and g) visual analogic scale with 0.803. Excellent test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.912 [95% CI = 0.845–0.950]) was shown for the total score. Conclusions: The persian version of the PHQ was shown to be a valid and reliable tool for an acceptable use in the Iran population. • We carry out test-retest reliability and the cross-cultural adaptation for the Persian Podiatric Health Questionnaire version (PHQ - P). • PHQ - P was displayed as a accurate and reliable instrument with an adequate management in the Persian people. • This tool record global or each domain values for evaluate foot health status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The footwear assessment tool was designed to advise an appropriate footwear for each situation and patient. Footwear alterations structures can influence in musculoskeletal disorders, developing foot ulcers, increase the peak plantar pressure, bacterial growth, low back pain. Methods: To validate the study 101 subjects were recruited. The study was tested by two expert podiatrists using the tool for the assessment of footwear characteristics that is composed by five domains, fit, general features, general structure, motion control properties and cushioning system. Each domain analyzes different shoe items. Results: An excellent agreement between the test-retest. A suitable Cronbach's α was suggested for the five domains of fit (α = 0.952), general features (α = 0.953), general structure (α = 0.947), motion control properties (α = 0.951), and cushioning system (α = 0.951). Test-retest reliability was excellent for all domains. There were no significant differences between any domain (p > 0.05). There was only statistically significant difference in the item forefoot height (p = 0.011). For all the domains items there were no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The tool for the assessment European footwear is a suitable repeatability and reliability footwear tool that can be used in Spanish language subjects. • A footwear tool is useful to the shoe management. • A footwear tool is reliability and repeatability for shoe management. • The footwear tool advice in fit, general features, general structure, motion control properties and cushioning system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE5-Is), used in the management of erectile dysfunction (ED), have potential cardioprotective benefits. The impact of PDE5-Is on reducing adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and ED is uncertain. Using a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational cohort studies and randomised controlled trials (RCTs), we evaluated if (i) the association of PDE5-Is in people with ED and DM and their risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality and (ii) ED confers an excess risk of CVD and mortality in patients with DM compared with no DM.Methods: Studies were identified from MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science citation search and search of bibliographies to April 2022. Study-specific risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled.Results: Eighteen unique studies reported on the cardiovascular impact of ED in patients with and without DM. In the general population, the RRs (95% CIs) of ED for composite CVD/MACE, all-cause mortality, CHD and stroke were 1.43 (1.31-1.55), 1.47 (1.31-1.65), 1.59 (1.39-1.82), and 1.34 (1.15-1.56), respectively. The respective estimates were 1.68 (1.15-2.45), 1.40 (0.90-2.18), 1.41 (1.24-1.61) and 1.32 (1.09-1.60) in the diabetes population. Interaction analyses suggested similar risk in both populations. Six studies reported the cardiovascular effects of PDE5-Is in people with ED and DM. Limited RCT data showed no significant differences in the risk of major adverse cardiac event (MACE), coronary heart disease (CHD) and all-cause mortality comparing PDE5-I use with non-use: RRs (95% CIs) of 3.47 (0.17-69.19), 1.31 (0.10-16.54) and 0.35 (0.12-1.05), respectively.Conclusions: ED confers no excess risk of CVD and mortality in patients with DM compared with no DM. Limited and inadequately powered data shows no significant differences in the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes comparing use of PDE5-Is with non-use in patients with ED and DM. PROSPERO Registration: CRD42022324537. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder, characterised by the presence of motor disturbances. Therefore, it can be related to musculoskeletal and orthopaedic problems, particularly in the foot status, that are linked to a negative effect on overall health, mobility and social function. The aim was to analyse the impact of foot health and quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease and people without Parkinson's disease, with normalised reference scores, in the light of the values recorded with regard to foot health status and overall health. This is a prospective case-control investigation. A sample of Parkinson's patients (n = 62) including 24 men and 38 women was recruited, and foot HQoL was measured using the Foot Health Status Questionnaire Spanish (Sp_FHSQ). The PD group recorded lower levels of foot health quality of life (HQoL) with lower scores on the Sp_FHSQ in general foot health, general health, physical activity, social capacity and vigour sub-scales. Regarding the rest of the sub-scales of the Sp_FHSQ, foot pain showed higher values in the PD group. Differences between the cases and control groups were analysed by means of a Mann–Whitney U test, showing statistical significance (P < 0.05). PD presents an increased negative impact on foot health and quality of life which appears to be related to the chronic neurodegenerative disease. • We have analysed the impact of foot health and quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease. • People with Parkinson's disease present lower levels of foot health quality of life. • Preventive care in patients with Parkinson's disease are very important to improve foot and general health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The diabetic foot self-care questionnaire is considered a self-care evaluation tool with 16 questions for assessing diabetic foot health disorders. To date, the DFSQ has been validated in different languages, but an Arabic version was lacking. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to translate and validate the Arabic version of the DFSQ (DFSQ-AR). A suitable method was developed for the translation protocol and cross-cultural validation from Spanish to Arabic. Regarding the total marks from each sub-scale, agreement degrees and confidence were analyzed using Cronbach's α and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), respectively. In addition, the mean ± standard deviation differences between pre and post-tests were calculated and completed using Bland-Altman distribution plots. Excellent agreement between the two versions was demonstrated based on Cronbach's α. Three sub-scales consisting of knowledge of foot hygiene, the appropriate use of footwear and socks, and podiatric self-care were added together to obtain the total score. Excellent retest reliability was shown for the total score. Test/retest reliability was excellent for the self-care and shoe and socks sub-scales. There were no significant differences among any domains (p > 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences (P = 0.000) for the mean ± standard deviations (SD) between pre- and post-tests (98.09 ± 15.42) [93.75–102.43] and 97.96 ± 13.88 [94.5–101.86] points, respectively). Bland-Altman plots or clinically pertinent variations were not statistically significantly different. The DFSQ-AR is considered a strong and valid questionnaire with adequate repeatability in the Arabic language population. • We have translate and validate the Arabic version of the DFSQ (DFSQ-AR). • The DFSQ-AR is considered a strong and valid questionnaire with adequate repeatability in arab language population. • Preventive foot self-care in patients with diabetes are extremely important to control health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study is examine Quality of Life in subjects with chronic kidney disease utilizing Foot Health Status Questionnaire (FHSQ). 101 subjects with chronic kidney disease (CKD) was studied in specialized clinics, in Extremadura (Spain). An observational descriptive study. The FHSQ was utilized to assess specific foot health (first section) and overall health (second division). The differences between clumps they were assessed using a t -test to independent samples. 59.40% (n = 60) were men and 40.59% (n = 41) women. The mean age was 68.77 ± 14.07. In first division of the FHSQ, a less score was registered in footwear domain (39.25) and in general foot health domain (46.37). In second division, less scores were resulted in general health domain (72) and vigour domain (60.43). CKD women got less scores in every domain. Women with CKD obtained significantly less scores in dimensions of foot pain, foot function, footwear, general foot health, general health and physical activity and there was no difference contrasted with men in the dimensions of social capacity and vigour. The studied CKD population has problems their feet. Quality of life of CKD subjects is negatively impacted by health of their feet, difficulties with footwear, their overall health, and lack of vitality. Women with CKD show lower values of quality of life contrasted to male patients, associated with inability to perform physical activity, lack of energy and tiredness. • We have analyzed the quality of life impact related to foot health in chronic kidney diseases patients. • People with chronic kidney diseases present a negative impact on the quality of life related to foot health. • Preventive care in people with chronic kidney diseases are extremely important to control foot health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The musculoskeletal and neurosensorial development of children can be affected by excess body weight. Studies have examined how childhood obesity affects gait, but much about the influence of this factor remains to be determined. The aim of our study is to analyse, in a large sample of children, the influence of obesity on the spatiotemporal parameters of the gait cycle, in the most natural way possible, with the subjects walking overground at a self-selected speed.Method: For this study, the sample was composed of 238 healthy school children, composed of 114 (47.9%) girls and 124 (52.1%) boys, aged 7-11 years. For each one, the body mass index was calculated, according to which the subjects were classified by percentiles as low weight, normal weight, overweight or obese. Anthropometric variables were measured and the spatiotemporal parameters of gait were assessed by the OptoGait® portable photocell system.Results: The spatial variables did not reveal significant differences between the children with normal weight and those with obesity. However, the differences for stance phase, load response and pre-swing phase (p = 0.0001, p = 0.016 and p = 0.0001, respectively) were clearly significant.Conclusions: Childhood obesity exerts a significant influence on gait by increasing the duration of load response and that of the pre-swing towards the oscillation phase and therefore the total duration of the support phase. This outcome requires greater energy expenditure to stabilise the gait of children with obesity, and could have biomechanical repercussions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]