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Recently, extreme precipitation has occurred frequently in the Tarim Basin, which has a fragile ecological environment, arousing widespread concern. Using daily precipitation observations from 42 stations in the Tarim Basin during the spring of 1980–2021 and monthly circulation reanalysis data from the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Reanalysis v5, as well as statistical analyses and physical diagnostic methods, this study investigated the abnormal modes and the evolution characteristics and differences in atmospheric circulation. The results show that the spring precipitation anomalies in the Tarim Basin can be divided into two independent precipitation modes: the first (EOF1) is a precipitation pattern that is uniform throughout the region and the second (EOF2) is an east–west inverse pattern. Thus, there are distinct differences in the atmospheric circulation characteristics responsible for abnormal spring precipitation modes in the basin. When the precipitation across the entire basin is consistently excessive, the 500 hPa geopotential height is affected by the negative phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation related circulation, and anomalous negative geopotential height at 500 hPa and anomalous cyclone at 700 hPa control the entire Tarim Basin, favoring anomalous upward motion, and western and southwestern water vapor transport. This leaves the Tarim Basin with a net water vapor budget and abnormally high atmospheric precipitable water. The opposite situation occurs when the precipitation across the entire basin is consistently lower than normal. When there is a west-to-east precipitation gradient, the western part of the Tarim Basin is affected by the anomalous cyclone while the eastern part is affected by the amomalous anticyclone, leading to the east-west discrepancy. The western region of the Tarim Basin is dominated by upward airflow, whereas the eastern region is dominated by downward airflow, providing dynamic conditions for the west-to-east precipitation gradient. Under the influence of anomalous water vapor transport from the southwest and water vapor convergence, water vapor conditions favorable for precipitation can occur. The net water vapor in the basin also exhibited an abnormal west-to-east transport pattern. Moreover, the atmospheric precipitable water demonstrated an inverse phase distribution under the EOF2 atmospheric precipitation mode in the Tarim Basin. • The spring precipitation in the Tarim Basin significantly increased from 1980 to 2021. • Spring precipitation anomalies in the Tarim Basin reveal a uniform precipitation pattern and an east-west inverse pattern. • There are distinct differences in the characteristics of atmospheric circulation that are responsible for the abnormal modes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A water-energy-carbon (WEC) integrated assessment framework was established by coupling an environmental input–output model and structural path analysis. • The consumption intensity of WEC in Shandong Province showed a decreasing trend from 2007 to 2017. • The embodied resource change was mainly caused by the investment part in the final demand structure. • Focusing on improving resource utilization efficiency in sectors such as Construction will help to reduce carbon emissions from upstream industries. Comprehensive understanding of the complex relationship among water, energy, and carbon emissions (WEC) is crucial for achieving socio-economic structural transformation and regional sustainable development. It represents a complex systemic undertaking that necessitates coordinated efforts across multiple domains and requires intricate planning and balancing. However, as the relationships between regional water resources, energy, and carbon emissions become increasingly acute, systematically examining the circulating relationships of a typical regional Water-Energy-Carbon system under changing conditions is still a challenge for regional sustainable development. In this study, we propose an integrated framework by jointly employing the Environmental Input-Output model and Structural Path analysis to assess the embodied intensities and circulation characteristics of WEC in Shandong Province, a major energy-consuming province in China. The results indicate that in 2017, the industries with the highest embodied WEC intensities are water production and supply industry (224.36 m3/10,000 CNY), coal mining and washing industry (1.66 tce/10,000 CNY), and transportation, postal, and telecommunication industry (2.36 tons/10,000 CNY). During the study period, most industries exhibited decreasing trends in embodied WEC intensities. Notably, the energy intensity and carbon intensity showed a certain positive correlation. For Shandong Province, both the embodied WEC trade flows in 2012 and 2017 demonstrated net inflows. The changes in embodied energy consumption and carbon emissions end consumption were minor, whereas the terminal demand for water resources decreased by 10.3 billion cubic meters, with urban consumption being its main form. Agriculture serves as the largest sector for embodied water transfer and trade-in, while the construction industry is the primary sector for energy and carbon transfer and trade, with 98 % of the construction industry's embodied quantity used for fixed capital formation. This study contributes to bridge the gap in regional resource management and provides a scientific basis to make policy on water conservation, energy efficiency, and emissions reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Liquid action and cone structure can significantly change fluidization characteristics via cooperation or competition in liquid-containing gas-solid spouted fluidized bed reactors (LGSFBR), which deserves in-depth study. The CFD-DEM method coupling with liquid bridge force model was adopted to investigate the fluidization, circulation and mixing characteristics, and thus a correlation analysis among the above multiple aspects was proposed to systematically explore interaction mechanism between the liquid action and the cone structure. The multiple analysis results show that the increase of inclination angle will cause a clear transition in the dominated interaction mechanism, i.e., the fluidization characteristics are firstly dominated by liquid action with lower inclination angle, then co-dominated by liquid action and cone structure, finally by cone structure with higher inclination angle. In conclusion, the overall fluidization state and characteristics can be associated with the cooperation and competition relationship between the liquid bridge force and the shear mixing action. [Display omitted] • LGSFBR was simulated by CFD-DEM method coupling with liquid bridge force model. • Explore the interaction mechanism between the liquid action and the cone structure. • Increase in inclination angle causes a clear transition in the dominated interaction mechanism. • In-depth mechanism analysis from the perspective of fluidization, circulation and mixing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]