48 results on '"Cook, Elizabeth A"'
Search Results
2. New York City 2100: Environmental justice implications of future scenarios for addressing extreme heat
- Author
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Dutta, Maya, Herreros-Cantis, Pablo, McPhearson, Timon, Mustafa, Ahmed, Palmer, Matthew I., Tosca, Mika, Ventrella, Jennifer, and Cook, Elizabeth M.
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- 2025
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3. Identifying a stable and generalizable factor structure of major depressive disorder across three large longitudinal cohorts
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Schilsky, Richard L., Allen, Jennifer, Anderson, MaryAnn, Anstrom, Kevin, Araujo, Lucus, Arges, Kristine, Ardalan, Kaveh, Baldwin, Bridget, Balu, Suresh, Bashir, Mustafa R., Bhapkar, Manju, Bigelow, Robert, Black, Tanya, Blanco, Rosalia, Bloomfield, Gerald, Borkar, Durga, Bouk, Leah, Boulware, Ebony, Brugnoni, Nikki, Campbell, Erin, Campbell, Paul, Carin, Larry, Cassella, Tammy Jo, Cates, Tina, Montgomery, Ranee Chatterjee, Christian, Victoria, Choong, John, Cohen-Wolkowiez, Michael, Cook, Elizabeth, Cousins, Scott, Crawford, Ashley, Datta, Nisha, Daubert, Melissa, Davis, James, Dirkes, Jillian, Doan, Isabelle, Dockery, Marie, Douglas, Pamela S., Duckworth, Shelly, Dunham, Ashley, Dunn, Gary, Ebersohl, Ryan, Eckstrand, Julie, Fang, Vivienne, Flora, April, Ford, Emily, Foster, Lucia, Fraulo, Elizabeth, French, John, Ginsburg, Geoffrey S., Green, Cindy, Greene, Latoya, Guptill, Jeffrey, Hamel, Donna, Hamill, Jennifer, Harrington, Chris, Harrison, Rob, Hedges, Lauren, Heidenfelder, Brooke, Hernandez, Adrian F., Heydary, Cindy, Hicks, Tim, Hight, Lina, Hopkins, Deborah, Huang, Erich S., Huh, Grace, Hurst, Jillian, Inman, Kelly, Janas, Gemini, Jaffee, Glenn, Johnson, Janace, Keaton, Tiffanie, Khouri, Michel, King, Daniel, Korzekwinski, Jennifer, Koweek, Lynne H., Kuo, Anthony, Kwee, Lydia, Landis, Dawn, Lipsky, Rachele, Lopez, Desiree, Lowry, Carolyn, Marcom, Kelly, Marsolo, Keith, McAdams, Paige, McCall, Shannon, McGarrah, Robert, McGugan, John, Mee, Dani, Mervin-Blake, Sabrena, Mettu, Prithu, Meyer, Mathias, Meyers, Justin, Miller, Calire N., Moen, Rebecca, Muhlbaier, Lawrence H., Murphy, Michael, Neely, Ben, Newby, L. Kristin, Nicoldson, Jayne, Nguyen, Hoang, Nguyen, Maggie, O'Brien, Lori, Onal, Sumru, O'Quinn, Jeremey, Page, David, Pagidipati, Neha J., Parikh, Kishan, Palmer, Sarah R., Patrick-Lake, Bray, Pattison, Brenda, Pencina, Michael, Peterson, Eric D., Piccini, Jon, Poole, Terry, Povsic, Tom, Provencher, Alicia, Rabineau, Dawn, Rich, Annette, Rimmer, Susan, Schwartz, Fides, Serafin, Angela, Shah, Nishant, Shah, Svati, Shields, Kelly, Shipes, Steven, Shrader, Peter, Stiber, Jon, Sutton, Lynn, Swamy, Geeta, Thomas, Betsy, Torres, Sandra, Tucci, Debara, Twisdale, Anthony, Walker, Brooke, Whitney, Susan A., Williamson, Robin, Wilverding, Lauren, Wong, Charlene A., Wruck, Lisa, Young, Ellen, Perlmutter, Jane, Krug, Sarah, Bowman-Zatzkin, S. Whitney, Assimes, Themistocles, Bajaj, Vikram, Cheong, Maxwell, Das, Millie, Desai, Manisha, Fan, Alice C., Fleischmann, Dominik, Gambhir, Sanjiv S., Gold, Garry, Haddad, Francois, Hong, David, Langlotz, Curtis, Liao, Yaping J., Lu, Rong, Mahaffey, Kenneth W., Maron, David, McCue, Rebecca, Munshi, Rajan, Rodriguez, Fatima, Shashidhar, Sumana, Sledge, George, Spielman, Susie, Spitler, Ryan, Swope, Sue, Williams, Donna, Pepine, Carl J, Lantos, John D, Pignone, Michael, Heagerty, Patrick, Beskow, Laura, Bernard, Gordon, Abad, Kelley, Angi, Giulia, Califf, Robert M., Deang, Lawrence, Huynh, Joy, Liu, Manway, Mao, Cherry, Magdaleno, Michael, Marks, William J., Jr., Mega, Jessica, Miller, David, Ong, Nicole, Patel, Darshita, Ridaura, Vanessa, Shore, Scarlet, Short, Sarah, Tran, Michelle, Vu, Veronica, Wong, Celeste, Green, Robert C., Hernandez, John, Benge, Jolene, Negrete, Gislia, Sierra, Gelsey, Schaack, Terry, Tseng, Vincent W.S., Tharp, Jordan A., Reiter, Jacob E., Ferrer, Weston, Hong, David S., Doraiswamy, P. Murali, and Nickels, Stefanie more...
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- 2024
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4. Comparing relationships between urban heat exposure, ecological structure, and socio-economic patterns in Beijing and New York City
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Wang, Jing, McPhearson, Timon, Zhou, Weiqi, Cook, Elizabeth M., Herreros-Cantis, Pablo, and Liu, Jing
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- 2023
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5. Learning from arid and urban aquatic ecosystems to inform more sustainable and resilient futures
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McPhillips, Lauren, Berbés-Blázquez, Marta, Hale, Rebecca, Harms, Tamara K., Bisht, Vanya, Caughman, Liliana, Clinton, Sandra M., Cook, Elizabeth, Dong, Xiaoli, Edmonds, Jennifer, Gergel, Sarah, Gómez, Rosa, Hopkins, Kristina, Iwaniec, David M., Kim, Yeowon, Kuhn, Amanda, Larson, Libby, Lewis, David B., Martí, Eugenía, Palta, Monica, John Roach, W., and Ye, Lin more...
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- 2023
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6. Seaweed biosecurity in Tanzania: Lessons to be learned from other major plant crops
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Ndawala, Msafiri A., Msuya, Flower E., Cabarubias, Jennefe P., Buriyo, Amelia, and Cottier-Cook, Elizabeth J.
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- 2021
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7. Evidence of exposure to C. burnetii among slaughterhouse workers in western Kenya
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Cook, Elizabeth Anne Jessie, de Glanville, William Anson, Thomas, Lian Francesca, Kiyong'a, Alice, Kivali, Velma, Kariuki, Samuel, Bronsvoort, Barend Mark de Clare, and Fèvre, Eric Maurice
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- 2021
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8. Beyond bouncing back? Comparing and contesting urban resilience frames in US and Latin American contexts
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Muñoz-Erickson, Tischa A., Meerow, Sara, Hobbins, Robert, Cook, Elizabeth, Iwaniec, David M., Berbés-Blázquez, Marta, Grimm, Nancy B., Barnett, Allain, Cordero, Jan, Gim, Changdeok, Miller, Thaddeus R., Tandazo-Bustamante, Fernando, and Robles-Morua, Agustín more...
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- 2021
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9. Integrating existing climate adaptation planning into future visions: A strategic scenario for the central Arizona–Phoenix region
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Iwaniec, David M., Cook, Elizabeth M., Davidson, Melissa J., Berbés-Blázquez, Marta, and Grimm, Nancy B.
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- 2020
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10. The co-production of sustainable future scenarios
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Iwaniec, David M., Cook, Elizabeth M., Davidson, Melissa J., Berbés-Blázquez, Marta, Georgescu, Matei, Krayenhoff, E. Scott, Middel, Ariane, Sampson, David A., and Grimm, Nancy B.
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- 2020
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11. Optimised ‘on demand’ protein arraying from DNA by cell free expression with the ‘DNA to Protein Array’ (DAPA) technology
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Schmidt, Ronny, Cook, Elizabeth A., Kastelic, Damjana, Taussig, Michael J., and Stoevesandt, Oda
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- 2013
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12. Chlorophyll, lipid profiles and bioturbation in sediments around a fish cage farm in the Gulf of Eilat, Israel
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Black, Kenneth D., Calder, Lois A., Nickell, Thomas D., Sayer, Martin D.J., Orr, Heather, Brand, Tim, Cook, Elizabeth J., Magill, Shona H., Katz, Timor, Eden, Noa, Jones, Kenneth J., Tsapakis, Manolis, and Angel, Dror more...
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- 2012
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13. The transformation of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in benthic food webs: The role of sea urchins
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Hughes, Adam D., Cook, Elizabeth J., Orr, Heather, Kelly, Maeve S., and Black, Kenneth D.
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- 2011
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14. Influence of dietary protein on essential fatty acids in the gonadal tissue of the sea urchins Psammechinus miliaris and Paracentrotus lividus (Echinodermata)
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Cook, Elizabeth J., Hughes, Adam D., Orr, Heather, Kelly, Maeve S., and Black, Kenneth D.
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- 2007
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15. Effect of variation in the protein value of the red macroalga Palmaria palmata on the feeding, growth and gonad composition of the sea urchins Psammechinus miliaris and Paracentrotus lividus (Echinodermata)
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Cook, Elizabeth J. and Kelly, Maeve S.
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- 2007
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16. The effect of diet type on growth and fatty acid composition of the sea urchin larvae, II. Psammechinus miliaris (Gmelin)
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Liu, Hui, Kelly, Maeve S., Cook, Elizabeth J., Black, Kenneth, Orr, Heather, Zhu, Jian Xin, and Dong, Shuang Lin
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- 2007
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17. The effect of diet type on growth and fatty-acid composition of sea urchin larvae, I. Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck, 1816) (Echinodermata)
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Liu, Hui, Kelly, Maeve S., Cook, Elizabeth J., Black, Kenneth, Orr, Heather, Zhu, Jian Xin, and Dong, Shuang Lin
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- 2007
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18. Indirect victims of violence: Mental health and the close relatives of serious assault victims in England.
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Cook, Elizabeth A. and McManus, Sally
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CROSS-sectional method , *SAFETY , *MENTAL health , *PROBABILITY theory , *MULTIPLE regression analysis , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *CRIME victims , *ODDS ratio , *EXTENDED families , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *ASSAULT & battery , *PSYCHOSOCIAL factors - Abstract
An extensive body of evidence shows the impact of being the direct victim of a serious assault. However, much less is known about the impact on the family and close relatives of victims , who may be considered indirect victims. Based on analyses of the 2014 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey, a face-to-face, cross-sectional probability-sample survey of 7519 adults aged 16 and over in England, this article estimates what proportion of the population was closely related to a victim of serious assault, and whether this experience was associated with a higher prevalence of feeling unsafe, depression and anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress, self-harm, and suicidality. Descriptive and multivariable regression analyses were conducted, adjusting for complex survey design and potentially confounding factors. Results show that one in twenty adults (4.5%, n = 345) was closely related to a victim of serious assault (95% confidence interval (CI):4.0–5.2%). Close adult relatives of assault victims were more likely than the rest of the population to have been direct victims of violence and abuse themselves, to have experienced multiple other adversities, and to live in more deprived neighbourhoods. However, even when controlling for these experiences, relatives of victims had adjusted odds of feeling unsafe in the neighbourhood where they lived 2.36 times higher than the rest of the population (CI:1.26–4.44), and their odds of having a depressive or anxiety disorder were 1.37 times higher (0.99–1.90). These analyses indicate that relatives in England may already be vulnerable, with potential to also be further affected by the experiences of family members. To more fully account for the effects of violence in society, research with indirect victims of serious violence in the context of their own experiences of direct victimization and wider adversities is required. This could be factored into a broader remit for victim support services which includes support for victims' families. • Many people in England were closely related to a victim of serious assault. • Relatives of victims tended to face multiple adversities and poor mental health. • Their own direct experiences of violence explained their higher rate of suicidality. • Being related to a victim independently increased the risk of feeling unsafe. • Economic costings and policy should take account of indirect victims of violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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19. Uterine Artery Embolization to Facilitate Minimally Invasive Hysterectomy for Very Large Fibroid Uteri.
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Fox, Veronica S., Fajardo, Olga M., Cook, Elizabeth, and Anderson, Ted L.
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- 2023
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20. Fatty acid compositions of gonadal material and diets of the sea urchin, Psammechinus miliaris: trophic and nutritional implications
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Cook, Elizabeth J., Bell, Michael V., Black, Kenneth D., and Kelly, Maeve S.
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- 2000
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21. Short-Term Impacts of Pulse: An App-Based Teen Pregnancy Prevention Program for Black and Latinx Women.
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Manlove, Jennifer, Cook, Elizabeth, Whitfield, Brooke, Johnson, Makedah, Martínez-García, Genevieve, and Garrido, Milagros
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Black and Latinx women aged 18–20 years have high rates of unplanned pregnancy. Furthermore, this age group is less likely than school-aged youth to be served by pregnancy prevention programs typically administered in schools. The study's purpose was to assess the effectiveness of a new app-based teen pregnancy prevention program created for this population using an online- and texting-only recruitment and evaluation approach. The study design was a randomized controlled trial with individual-level assignment of 1,304 women aged 18–20 years recruited online. Seventy-six percent of participants were black or Latinx. Women were randomized to the Pulse reproductive health app or a general health app and received regular text messages with program content and reminders to view the app. An intention-to-treat approach was used for analyses, and significance tests were adjusted to account for permuted block random assignment and multiple hypothesis testing. Linear probability models controlling for the baseline measure of each outcome, whether the participant reported ever having vaginal sex, age, and race/ethnicity, assessed program impacts for 1,124 participants 6 weeks after randomization. Participants who received the intervention were 7.6 percentage points less likely (p =.001) to report having had sex without a hormonal or long-acting contraceptive method. Intervention participants also scored 7.1 percentage points higher on contraceptive knowledge (p =.000) and were 5.7 percentage points more likely to be confident that they can use birth control during every sexual intercourse (p =.027). Impacts at 6 weeks are promising, particularly for a self-led intervention with no direct contact with study staff. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2020
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22. A randomised vaccine field trial in Kenya demonstrates protection against wildebeest-associated malignant catarrhal fever in cattle.
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Cook, Elizabeth, Russell, George, Grant, Dawn, Mutisya, Christine, Omoto, Lazarus, Dobson, Elizabeth, Lankester, Felix, and Nene, Vishvanath
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CATTLE , *VACCINE effectiveness , *CATTLE diseases , *FEVER , *INFLUENZA vaccines , *VACCINES - Abstract
• Wildebeest-associated malignant catarrhal fever is a fatal disease of cattle. • Seasonal disease caused by alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 with incidence up to 10% • Randomised placebo trial for the efficacy of alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 C500 vaccine. • The vaccine efficacy for controlling malignant catarrhal fever in cattle over 80% • Safe and effective novel method for controlling malignant catarrhal fever in cattle. Wildebeest-associated malignant catarrhal fever (WA-MCF), a fatal disease of cattle caused by alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 (AlHV-1), is one of the most important seasonal diseases of cattle in wildebeest endemic areas, with annual incidence reaching 10%. Here we report efficacy of over 80% for a vaccine based on the attenuated AlHV-1 C500 strain, in preventing fatal WA-MCF in cattle exposed to natural wildebeest challenge. The study was conducted at Kapiti Plains Ranch Ltd, south-east of Nairobi, Kenya. In 2016, 146 cattle were selected for a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Cattle were stratified according to breed and age and randomly assigned to groups given vaccine or culture medium mixed with Emulsigen®. Cattle received prime and boost inoculations one month apart and few adverse reactions (n = 4) were observed. Indirect ELISA demonstrated that all cattle in the vaccine group developed a serological response to AlHV-1. The study herd was grazed with wildebeest from one month after booster vaccination. Three cattle, two that received vaccine and one control, succumbed to conditions unrelated to WA-MCF before the study ended. Twenty-five cattle succumbed to WA-MCF; four of the remaining 71 cattle in the vaccine group (5.6%) and 21 of the remaining 72 control cattle (29.2%; χ2 = 13.6, df = 1, p < 0.001). All of the WA-MCF affected cattle were confirmed by PCR to be infected with AlHV-1 and in 23 cases exhibited histopathology typical of WA-MCF. Vaccine efficacy was determined to be 80.6% (95% CI 46.5–93.0%). Hence, the AlHV-1 C500 vaccine is a safe and potentially effective novel method for controlling WA-MCF in cattle. The implementation of this vaccine may have significant impacts on marginalised cattle keeping communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2019
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23. Relating social, ecological, and technological vulnerability to future flood exposure at two spatial scales in four U.S. cities.
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Sauer, Jason, Pallathadka, Arun, Ajibade, Idowu, Berbés-Blázquez, Marta, Chang, Heejun, Cook, Elizabeth M., Grimm, Nancy B., Iwaniec, David M., Lloyd, Robert, and Post, Gregory C.
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CITIES & towns ,FLOOD warning systems ,FLOOD risk ,CITY dwellers ,FLOODS ,CITY managers ,HYDROLOGIC models ,REGRESSION analysis - Abstract
• Future pluvial flood exposure related to vulnerability at two spatial scales • Parcel scale revealed more spatial bias and correlations than census block group scale • Future flood exposure was negatively correlated with building age at parcel scale • City historical context affected relationships between flood exposure and redlining Flooding occurs at different scales and unevenly affects urban populations based on the broader social, ecological, and technological system (SETS) characteristics particular to cities. As hydrological models improve in spatial scale and account for more mechanisms of flooding, there is a continuous need to examine the relationships between flood exposure and SETS drivers of flood vulnerability. In this study, we related fine-scale measures of future flood exposure—the First Street Foundation's Flood Factor and estimated change in chance of extreme flood exposure—to SETS indicators like building age, poverty, and historical redlining, at the parcel and census block group (CBG) scales in Portland, OR, Phoenix, AZ, Baltimore, MD, and Atlanta, GA. We used standard regression models and accounted for spatial bias in relationships. The results show that flood exposure was more often correlated with SETS variables at the parcel scale than at the CBG scale, indicating scale dependence. However, these relationships were often inconsistent among cities, indicating place-dependence. We found that marginalized populations were significantly more exposed to future flooding at the CBG scale. Combining newly-available, high-resolution future flood risk estimates with SETS data available at multiple scales offers cities a new set of tools to assess the exposure and multi-dimensional vulnerability of populations. These tools will better equip city managers to proactively plan and implement equitable interventions to meet evolving hazard exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2023
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24. Mixed method approach to assess atmospheric nitrogen deposition in arid and semi-arid ecosystems.
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Cook, Elizabeth M., Sponseller, Ryan, Grimm, Nancy B., and Hall, Sharon J.
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ATMOSPHERIC nitrogen ,MIXED methods research ,SEDIMENTATION & deposition ,ARID regions ecology ,SURFACE of the earth - Abstract
Arid and semi-arid ecosystems (aridlands) cover a third of Earth's terrestrial surface and contain organisms that are sensitive to low level atmospheric pollutants. Atmospheric nitrogen (N) inputs to aridlands are likely to cause changes in plant community composition, fire frequency, and carbon cycling and storage. However, few studies have documented long-term rates of atmospheric N inputs in aridlands because dry deposition is technically difficult to quantify, and extensive sampling is needed to capture fluxes with spatially and temporally heterogeneous rainfall patterns. Here, we quantified long-term spatial and temporal patterns of inorganic N deposition in protected aridland ecosystems across an extensive urban-rural gradient using multiple sampling methods. We compared long-term rates of N deposition from ion-exchange resin (IER) collectors (bulk and throughfall, 2006–2015), wet-dry bucket collectors (2006–2015), and dry deposition from the inferential method using passive samplers (2010–2012). From mixed approaches with IER collectors and inferential methods, we determined that 7.2 ± 0.4 kgNha −1 y −1 is deposited to protected Sonoran Desert within metropolitan Phoenix, Arizona and 6.1 ± 0.3 kgNha −1 y −1 in nearby desert ecosystems. Regional scale models overestimated deposition rates for our sampling period by 60% and misidentified hot spots of deposition across the airshed. By contrast, the easy-deployment IER throughfall collectors showed minimal spatial variation across the urban-rural gradient and underestimated deposition fluxes by 54%, largely because of underestimated dry deposition in throughfall. However, seasonal sampling of the IER collectors over 10 years allowed us to capture significant seasonal variation in N deposition and the importance of precipitation timing. These results, derived from the longest, spatially and temporally explicit dataset in drylands, highlight the need for long-term, mixed methods to estimate atmospheric nutrient enrichment to aridlands in a rapidly changing world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2018
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25. Parkinson's Disease Patient-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Free of Viral Reprogramming Factors
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Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology, Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Soldner, Frank, Hockemeyer, Dirk, Beard, Caroline, Gao, Qing, Bell, George W., Cook, Elizabeth G., Mitalipova, Maisam, Jaenisch, Rudolf, Hargus, Gunnar, Blak, Alexandra, Cooper, Oliver, Isacson, Ole, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology, Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Soldner, Frank, Hockemeyer, Dirk, Beard, Caroline, Gao, Qing, Bell, George W., Cook, Elizabeth G., Mitalipova, Maisam, Jaenisch, Rudolf, Hargus, Gunnar, Blak, Alexandra, Cooper, Oliver, and Isacson, Ole more...
- Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from somatic cells of patients represent a powerful tool for biomedical research and may provide a source for replacement therapies. However, the use of viruses encoding the reprogramming factors represents a major limitation of the current technology since even low vector expression may alter the differentiation potential of the iPSCs or induce malignant transformation. Here, we show that fibroblasts from five patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease can be efficiently reprogrammed and subsequently differentiated into dopaminergic neurons. Moreover, we derived hiPSCs free of reprogramming factors using Cre-recombinase excisable viruses. Factor-free hiPSCs maintain a pluripotent state and show a global gene expression profile, more closely related to hESCs than to hiPSCs carrying the transgenes. Our results indicate that residual transgene expression in virus-carrying hiPSCs can affect their molecular characteristics and that factor-free hiPSCs therefore represent a more suitable source of cells for modeling of human disease., Howard Hughes Medical Institute (Collaborative Innovation Award), Life Sciences Research Foundation (Merck Fellow), Michael Stern Parkinson's Research Foundation, Morris K. Udall Center for Excellence in Parkinson’s Research (grant P50NS39793), National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (NIH grant R37-CA084198), National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (NIH grant RO1-CA087869), National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (grant NIH RO1-HD045022) more...
- Published
- 2015
26. Body image in emerging adults: The protective role of self-compassion.
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Rodgers, Rachel F., Franko, Debra L., Donovan, Elizabeth, Cousineau, Tara, Yates, Kayla, McGowan, Kayla, Cook, Elizabeth, and Lowy, Alice S.
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Self-compassion is thought to protect from body image concerns. However, the mechanisms of this effect remain unclear. This study examined three positive dimensions of self-compassion as moderators of the mediated relationship between perceived overweight status, appearance comparison, and appearance esteem. A sample of 232 youth aged 13–18 years, mean = 18.36 ( SD = 1.5) years, reported on appearance esteem, appearance comparison, perceived weight status, and self-compassion dimensions including self-kindness, common humanity, and mindfulness. Among boys, mindfulness and common humanity moderated the perceived weight status to appearance comparison pathway of the mediation ( ps = .01), such that this relationship was weaker among boys with higher levels of these dimensions of self-compassion. These findings were not replicated among girls. None of the self-compassion dimensions moderated the appearance comparison to appearance esteem pathway. Self-compassion dimensions that decrease the focus on the self may protect against body image concerns among boys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2017
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27. A new family of scorpionflies (Insecta; Mecoptera) from the Lower Cretaceous of England.
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Novokshonov, Victor G., Ross, Andrew J., Cook, Elizabeth, Krzemiński, Wiesław, and Soszyńska-Maj, Agnieszka
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Seven specimens of fossil scorpionflies (Mecoptera) not assignable to any known family were discovered in the Wealden Supergroup (Lower Cretaceous) of southern England. They were found at Rudgwick Brickworks, West Sussex and Smokejacks Brickworks, Surrey and came from the Upper Weald Clay Formation, dated as Barremian (∼129.4–125 Ma). A new family – Englathaumatidae fam. nov., new genus – Englathauma gen. nov. and two new species E. crabbi sp. nov. and E. mellishae sp. nov. are described. A discussion of systematic position of these new taxa within the order Mecoptera is given. Englathaumatidae fam. nov. has been a nomen nudum since the year 2002, due to the first author's untimely death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2016
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28. Density-based clustering algorithm for associating transformers with smart meters via GPS-AMI data.
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Cook, Elizabeth, Saleem, Muhammad Bilal, Weng, Yang, Abate, Stephen, Kelly-Pitou, Katrina, and Grainger, Brandon
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SMART meters , *PUBLIC utilities , *ELECTRIC utilities , *POWER resources , *RADIAL distribution function , *MACHINE performance , *ALGORITHMS - Abstract
The ongoing deployment of Distributed Energy Resources, while bringing benefits, introduces significant challenges to the electric utility industry, especially in the distribution grid. These challenges call for closer monitoring through state estimation, where real-time topology recovery is the basis for accurate modeling. Previous methods either ignore geographical information, which is important in connectivity identification or are based on an ideal assumption of an isolated sub-network for topology recovery, e.g., within one transformer. This requires field engineers to identify the association, which is costly and may contain errors. To solve these problems, we propose a density-based topology clustering method that leverages both voltage domain data and the geographical space information to segment datasets from a large utility customer pool, after which other topology reconstruction methods can carry over. Specifically, we show how to use voltage and GPS information to infer associations within one transformer area, i.e., to identify the meter-transformer connectivity. To give a guarantee, we show a theoretic bound for our clustering method, providing the ability to explain the performance of the machine learning method. The proposed algorithm has been validated by IEEE test systems and Duquesne Light Company in Pittsburgh, showing outstanding performance. A utility implementation is also demonstrated. • DERs introduce challenges to the distribution grid. • Such challenges call for meter-transformer mapping. • Using voltage and GPS information to identify the meter-transformer connectivity. • Theoretical guarantee for the robustness of the algorithm. • Outstanding performance on IEEE test systems and a utility in Pittsburgh. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2022
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29. Chapter 14: Ecology of Psammechinus miliaris.
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Kelly, Maeve S., Hughes, Adam D., and Cook, Elizabeth J.
- Abstract
Chapter 14 of the book "Edible Sea Urchins: Biology & Ecology," Second Edition, edited by John M. Lawrence, is presented. It explores the ecology of the sea urchin genus Paracentrotus lividus. It discusses the ecological role of the sea urchin genus Psammechinus miliaris and presents the examination of the fatty acid profile of the gonad tissue which found that a diet rich in encrusting invertebrates leads to high gonad indices in the species. more...
- Published
- 2006
30. Relationship between availability of contraceptive products and pharmacists as information sources.
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Cook, Elizabeth A., Farris, Karen B., Chrischilles, Elizabeth, and Aquilino, Mary
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CONTRACEPTIVES ,PHARMACISTS ,CONTRACEPTIVE drugs ,DRUGSTORES ,RECREATION - Abstract
Objective: To describe the relationship between the availability and accessibility of contraceptives in Iowa pharmacies and the extent to which pharmacists act as an information source regarding contraceptives. Design: Descriptive, exploratory, nonexperimental study. Setting: Iowa in fall 2008. Participants: 282 pharmacists at Iowa community pharmacies. Intervention: Cross-sectional survey. Main outcome measures: Contraceptive availability score, contraceptive accessibility score, and total access score. Regression analyses tested the relationships between the pharmacist information source score and the contraceptive availability, accessibility, and total access scores, controlling for geography, ownership, staff size, and average number of prescriptions per day. Results: Significant positive relationships between the pharmacist information source score and product accessibility, product availability, and total access were observed. The relationship appeared to be driven primarily by product availability, and all were significantly influenced by pharmacy type. Significant negative relationships were found between product accessibility and independent/small chain pharmacies and mass merchandiser/grocery store pharmacies relative to large chain pharmacies. A significant negative relationship was found between independent/small chain pharmacies and the product availability score. Conclusion: Significant relationships were found between pharmacists' ability to act as sources of information for contraceptive products and the availability, accessibility, and overall access to contraceptives in the pharmacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2012
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31. 34. Short-Term Impacts of an App-Based Reproductive Health Program for Black and Latinx Young Adult Women.
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Manlove, Jennifer, Cook, Elizabeth, and Whitfield, Brooke
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- 2020
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32. Searching for sustainability in aquaculture: An investigation into the economic prospects for an integrated salmon–mussel production system.
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Whitmarsh, David J., Cook, Elizabeth J., and Black, Kenneth D.
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CAGE aquaculture ,SALMON farming ,FLEXIBLE manufacturing systems ,ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis - Abstract
Abstract: The pollution effects of cage aquaculture represent an external cost to society, and the challenge for environmental economists has been to estimate the magnitude of these costs and to suggest ways in which they can be mitigated or ‘internalised’. One possible mitigation strategy involves the development of integrated production systems based on polyculture, and this paper examines the financial viability of such a system that integrates the farming of salmon and mussels. The results demonstrate the commercial potential of an integrated salmon–mussel production system under present market conditions, but highlight the critical role played by future price trends. [Copyright &y& Elsevier] more...
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- 2006
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33. Influence of embryo transfer depth on in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer outcomes
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Pope, Christian S., Cook, Elizabeth K. D., Arny, Margaret, Novak, Amy, and Grow, Daniel R.
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EMBRYO transfer , *PREGNANCY , *EMBRYOS , *FUNDUS oculi - Abstract
: ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of transfer distance from the fundus (TDF) on clinical pregnancy rate (PR) and ectopic pregnancy rate.: DesignRetrospective cohort. Between January 2000 and December 2001, 699 ultrasound (US)-guided embryo transfers were conducted. Mock transfer was performed to measure uterine cavity depth 1 month before treatment. Cavity depth was measured by abdominal US before the transfer, from the vaginal stripe to the fundus. Transfers were performed with a Wallace embryo transfer catheter (Cooper Surgical, Shelton, CT) using US and physician''s judgment of cavity depth. Transfer distance from the fundus was calculated by subtracting the depth of catheter insertion from the cavity depth, as determined by US or by mock transfer. Statistical analyses were performed by building a multivariable logistic regression model to calculate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI).: SettingWomen aged 23 to 43 years who are in a university-affiliated, community-based IVF program in Springfield, Massachusetts.: Patient(s)All patients enrolled in IVF program undergoing embryo transfer.: Intervention(s)No patient received any additional procedure or intervention. All of the measurements obtained with the embryo catheter and the transvaginal ultrasound were part of the program''s protocol for the embryo transfer.: Main outcome measure(s)Odds ratio examining relationship between embryo transfer depth and PR.: Result(s)Clinical, implantation, and ectopic PR were 37%, 20%, and 2.1%. Cavity depth by US differed from cavity depth by mock by at least 10 mm in >30% of cases. The TDF by US was highly predictive of PR; TDF by mock was not predictive of PR. Increasing the TDF by US resulted in significantly increased PR as well as lower ectopic rates. Using regression analysis, the odds ratio for TDF by US was 1.11 (95% CI: 1.07–1.14). This suggests that for every additional millimeter embryos are deposited away from the fundus, the odds of clinical pregnancy increased by 11%.: Conclusion(s)After controlling for potential confounders, the clinical PR is significantly influenced by the transfer distance from the fundus. Cavity depth by US is clinically useful to determine the depth beyond which catheter insertion should not occur. [Copyright &y& Elsevier] more...
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- 2004
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34. Evaluating biosecurity policy implementation in the seaweed aquaculture industry of Malaysia, using the quantitative knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) survey technique.
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Kambey, Cicilia S.B., Campbell, Iona, Cottier-Cook, Elizabeth J., Nor, Adibi R.M., Kassim, Azhar, Sade, Ahemad, and Lim, Phaik-Eem
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AQUACULTURE industry ,BIOSECURITY ,MARINE algae ,FARM risks ,TEMPORARY employment - Abstract
This study evaluated on-farm implementation and effectiveness of Malaysian seaweed aquaculture policies and regulations that applied the biosecurity concept. The knowledge-attitude-practice (KAP) survey tool was utilised to assess the effectiveness of the biosecurity measures adopted by seaweed stakeholders, including 67 seaweed farmers and ten government extension officers, who were located in the three most productive seaweed producing regions. The KAP results indicated a disconnection between the implementation of biosecurity measures in national policy and uptake by practising farmers. Although farmer's biosecurity knowledge and attitude scores were fair (55.7–64.1%), implementation of practices was poor (36.1–40.6%). The survey data highlighted that a low educational level, combined with the temporary nature of employment in the seaweed sector, contributes to the lower KAP scores. Extension officers are also limited in their ability to support farmers in implementing good biosecurity practices due to their moderate knowledge (57.9%), despite having a good attitude towards biosecurity (76.9%). The implementation of national seaweed policies including biosecurity prevention, and mitigation measures, remains weak due to the limited understanding and ability of the stakeholders to carry out farm risks. By identifying some forthwith gaps, this work highlights where short-term improvements and longer-term goals could be introduced. This study also highlights the importance of translating biosecurity policy into on-the-ground knowledge and stresses the need for economic support to enable a more significant impact in the upstream level of the seaweed aquaculture industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2021
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35. Soil carbon sequestration in urban afforestation sites in New York City.
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Downey, Alisen E., Groffman, Peter M., Mejía, Gisselle A., Cook, Elizabeth M., Sritrairat, Sanpisa, Karty, Richard, Palmer, Matthew I., and McPhearson, Timon
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CARBON sequestration ,CARBON in soils ,AFFORESTATION ,URBAN soils ,PLANT diversity - Abstract
• Afforestation urban restoration sites had increased soil carbon storage compared to degraded urban soils. • High success afforestation sites had significantly larger carbon pools than low success afforestation and degraded sites. • Diversity treatments (6 versus 2 planted species) had no effect on soil carbon levels. • Inherent site characteristics had a strong influence on the success or failure of urban afforestation sites. There is great interest in the ability of afforestation programs to sequester carbon, improve soil health, and provide other ecological benefits to urban areas. However, the capacity of urban soils to support successful afforestation and sequester carbon is poorly understood. This study quantified soil carbon in a series of experimental restoration sites established between 2009 and 2011 as part of the MillionTreesNYC Afforestation Project in New York City. Soil cores (0–100 cm) were collected at 10 sites and analyzed for total carbon content. Data were analyzed with respect to depth (0–10, 10–30, 30–70, 70–90, 90–100 cm), high (six species) versus low (two species) diversity planting palettes, and afforestation success (high or low). Results were compared with data from regional reference forest, degraded urban sites in New York City, and disturbed and undisturbed sites in other cities. High success afforestation sites had significantly larger carbon pools than low success afforestation sites and degraded NYC sites. We suggest that these differences were created by interactions between initial site conditions that facilitated plant community establishment and growth, which in turn increased soil carbon accumulation. These initial site conditions include land use history that influences soil physical and chemical factors, as well as proximity to existing forest stands. Diversity treatments had no effect on soil carbon levels, but these may need a longer time period to emerge. These results suggest that afforestation may enhance the capacity of urban soils to store carbon compared to urban degraded soils, but that urban soil properties and site characteristics constrain this capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2021
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36. 233. Reaching Black and Latinx Women in an Online Reproductive Health Intervention: App Usage and Responsiveness to Text Messages.
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Cook, Elizabeth, Manlove, Jennifer, and Whitfield, Brooke
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- 2020
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37. Cultural ecosystem services provided by rivers across diverse social-ecological landscapes: A social media analysis.
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Hale, Rebecca L., Cook, Elizabeth M., and Beltrán, Bray J.
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ECOSYSTEM services , *RIVERS , *STREAM restoration , *LAND tenure , *LAND cover , *ECOSYSTEMS , *SOCIAL media - Abstract
• We identified cultural ecosystem services of Idaho rivers from Flickr metadata. • CES were associated with biophysical, social, and built landscape features. • Traditional CES categories failed to capture associations among specific CES. • Social media data can be used to examine nuances of CES at landscape scales. Cultural ecosystem services (CES) are an important component of the benefits that humans derive from nature. Yet, research on CES at landscape scales has lagged behind other ecosystem services, due to the difficulty measuring CES across broad scales and the uncertainty about the mechanisms linking CES provisioning to biophysical characteristics. Social media data has emerged as an important tool for quantifying CES. We applied a bottom-up, data-driven approach to capture rich information about CES from the text (title, tags, descriptions) associated with geo-located Flickr images across river ecosystems in Idaho, USA. We address the following four questions: 1) What CES do people obtain from rivers in Idaho? 2) How does overall CES provisioning vary across ecosystem characteristics? 3) How do specific CES relate to ecosystem characteristics? and 4) Do CES bundle in ways that parallel traditional CES categories? Overall, we were able to identify diverse CES not typically examined in empirical studies as well as how landscape features support CES provisioning. Relating CES to biophysical, social, and built characteristics of the ecosystem, CES provisioning was significantly but weakly associated with access to rivers, land cover, and land ownership. The importance of social and built characteristics of the landscape suggests the cascade model in which ecosystem services flow from ecosystem structure has limited utility for specifically addressing CES. In addition, we found specific CES are more strongly associated with landscape variables than general CES categories. This difference highlights that traditional CES categories fail to reflect how individual CES are distributed over space. Text provides information-rich source for moving beyond a small number of broad CES categories and understanding not only the diversity of ways people interact with landscapes, but what landscape features support these uses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2019
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38. Reply of the authors
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Grow, Daniel R, Cook, Elizabeth K.D., Pope, Christian S., and Arny, Margaret
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- 2004
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39. Co-producing new knowledge systems for resilient and just coastal cities: A social-ecological-technological systems framework for data visualization.
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Feagan, Mathieu, Muñoz-Erickson, Tischa A., Hobbins, Robert, Baja, Kristin, Chester, Mikhail, Cook, Elizabeth M., Grimm, Nancy, Grove, Morgan, Iwaniec, David M., Iyer, Seema, McPhearson, Timon, Méndez-Lázaro, Pablo, Miller, Clark, Sauter, Daniel, Solecki, William, Tomateo, Claudia, Troxler, Tiffany, and Welty, Claire more...
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CITIES & towns , *EXTREME weather , *ACTIVE learning , *COASTAL changes , *ABSOLUTE sea level change , *STORM surges - Abstract
With increasing frequency and severity, coastal cities are facing the effects of extreme weather events, such as sea-level rise, storm surges, hurricanes, and various types of flooding. Recent urban resilience scholarship suggests that responding to the cascading complexities of climate change requires an understanding of cities as social-ecological-technological systems, or SETS. Advances in data visualization, sensors, and analytics are making it possible for urban planners to gain more comprehensive views of cities. Yet, addressing climate complexity requires more than deploying the latest technologies; it requires transforming the institutional knowledge systems upon which cities rely for preparation and response in a climate-changed future. While debates in the theory and practice of knowledge co-production offer a rich contextual starting point, there are few practical examples of what it means to co-produce new knowledge systems capable of steering urban resilience planning in fundamentally new directions. This paper helps address this gap by offering a case study approach to co-producing new knowledge systems for SETS data visualization in three US coastal cities. Through a series of innovation spaces – dialogues, labs, and webinars – with residents, data experts, and other city stakeholders from multiple sectors, we show how to apply a knowledge systems approach to better understand, represent, and support cities as SETS. To illustrate what a redesigned knowledge system for urban resilience planning entails, we document the key steps and activities that led to a new prototype SETS platform that works with a wider range of ways of knowing – including community-based expertise, interdisciplinary research contributions, and various municipal actors' know-how – to build anticipatory capacity for visualizing and navigating the complex dynamics of a climate-changed future. Our findings point to new roles for activity-based learning, conflict, and SETS visualization technologies in connecting, amplifying, and reorganizing the knowledge assets of community perspectives previously ignored. We conclude with a new understanding of how innovation towards coastal city resilience resides within the co-production process for (re)designing knowledge systems to make them more robust and responsive to cross-sector and cross-city learning. • Three US coastal cities experiment in co-producing new knowledge systems using innovation spaces. • Co-produced knowledge systems are more inclusive, connected, and anticipatory than conventional city knowledge systems. • A prototype visualization platform supports and sustains a networked approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2025
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40. Important outcome predictors showed greater baseline heterogeneity than age in two systematic reviews.
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Clark, Laura, Fairhurst, Caroline, Cook, Elizabeth, and Torgerson, David J.
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HEALTH outcome assessment , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *HEALTH policy , *SYSTEMATIC reviews , *META-analysis - Abstract
Objectives: An unknown number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have their treatment allocation subverted. If such trials are included in systematic reviews, biased results may be used to change policy. To assess whether a systematic review contains subverted trials, a meta-analysis of group differences regarding a baseline variable can be undertaken. In this article, the performance of age with another prognostic variable in detecting selection bias within systematic reviews is compared. Study Design and Setting: Two Cochrane systematic reviews, one of low back pain and one of hip protectors for fracture prevention, were identified. The component RCT texts were obtained, and data were extracted on age, baseline back pain score (low back pain review), and baseline body mass (hip protector review). In this exemplar, we tested for baseline heterogeneity with a fixed-effects meta-analysis. Results: Heterogeneity in age between the intervention and control groups was found. The observed heterogeneity increased with baseline back pain and body mass relative to age in each review. Conclusion: We found that covariates predictive of outcome demonstrate greater heterogeneity than age. However, there were fewer missing data relating to age. Reviewers should consider using age and another prognostic covariate in baseline meta-analyses to check the validity of their results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2015
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41. Access to Contraceptives in School-Based Health Centers: Progress and Opportunities.
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Sullivan, Erin E., Love, Hayley L., Fisher, Rebecca L., Schlitt, John J., Cook, Elizabeth L., and Soleimanpour, Samira
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MEDICAL centers , *CONTRACEPTION , *CONTRACEPTIVES , *UNPLANNED pregnancy , *TEENAGE pregnancy , *RESEARCH , *CROSS-sectional method , *RESEARCH methodology , *EVALUATION research , *COMPARATIVE studies , *CONTRACEPTIVE drugs ,DEVELOPED countries - Abstract
Introduction: The U.S. has a higher adolescent pregnancy rate than other industrialized countries. School-based health centers can improve access to contraceptives among youth, which can prevent unplanned pregnancies. This cross-sectional study examines the characteristics and predictors of contraceptive provision at school-based health centers in 2016-2017 and changes in and barriers to provision between 2001 and 2017.Methods: In 2020-2021, the authors conducted analyses of the National School-Based Health Care Census data collected from 2001 to 2017. The primary outcome of interest was whether adolescent-serving school-based health centers dispense contraceptives, and a secondary outcome of interest was the policies that prohibit school-based health centers from dispensing contraceptives. A multivariate regression analysis examined the associations between contraceptive provision and various covariates, including geographic region, years of operation, and provider team composition.Results: Less than half of adolescent-serving school-based health centers reported providing contraceptives on site. Those that provided contraceptives were more likely located in the Western and Northeastern regions of the U.S., older in terms of years of operation, and staffed by a wide variety of health provider types. Among school-based health centers that experienced policy barriers to providing access to contraceptive methods, most attributed the source to the school or school district where the school-based health center was located.Conclusions: School-based health centers are an evidence-based model for providing contraceptives to adolescents but not enough are providing direct access. Understanding the predictors, characteristics, and barriers influencing the provision of contraceptives at school-based health centers may help to expand the number doing so. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2022
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42. Potential environmental impacts of floating solar photovoltaic systems.
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Benjamins, Steven, Williamson, Benjamin, Billing, Suzannah-Lynn, Yuan, Zhiming, Collu, Maurizio, Fox, Clive, Hobbs, Laura, Masden, Elizabeth A., Cottier-Cook, Elizabeth J., and Wilson, Ben
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PHOTOVOLTAIC power systems , *ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis , *TECHNOLOGICAL innovations , *ECOSYSTEMS , *SOCIAL acceptance , *SOCIAL impact - Abstract
The use of floating photovoltaic systems in freshwater and marine environments is forecast to increase dramatically worldwide within the next decade in response to demands for accelerated decarbonisation of the global economy whilst avoiding competition for land, particularly near population centres. The potential environmental impacts of this expanding, novel technology are gradually becoming apparent and warrant consideration. This study reviews and evaluates the various potential environmental impacts of introducing floating photovoltaic arrays into aquatic (freshwater and marine) ecosystems based on the current state of floating photovoltaic technology and known impacts of similar industries. Environmental impacts of floating photovoltaic systems fall into several categories including shading, impacts on hydrodynamics and water-atmosphere exchange, energy emissions, impacts on benthic communities, and impacts on mobile species. The social acceptability of floating photovoltaic systems and the ability for long-term coexistence with other activities and interests are also discussed. Floating photovoltaic systems have an important role to play in global decarbonisation, but close collaboration between stakeholders will be required to better understand potential environmental and social impacts of this new technology. Development and validation of appropriate monitoring methods at scale, and consideration of long-term, equitable solutions to identified impacts, is important to enable sustainable expansion of this industry. [Display omitted] • Floating photovoltaic systems may impact their environment at different scales. • Main impacts include shading and provision of additional substrate for epibiota. • Interactions with mobile species are important, at least at local scales. • Further work is needed to understand social impacts of large-scale FPV. • Monitoring approaches should be refined to address key impacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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43. What is the effect of area size when using local area practice style as an instrument?
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Brooks, John M., Tang, Yuexin, Chapman, Cole G., Cook, Elizabeth A., and Chrischilles, Elizabeth A.
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ACE inhibitors , *DRUG efficacy , *MYOCARDIAL infarction , *THERAPEUTICS research , *MEDICARE beneficiaries , *PATIENTS - Abstract
Objectives: Discuss the tradeoffs inherent in choosing a local area size when using a measure of local area practice style as an instrument in instrumental variable estimation when assessing treatment effectiveness. Study Design: Assess the effectiveness of angiotensin converting-enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers on survival after acute myocardial infarction for Medicare beneficiaries using practice style instruments based on different-sized local areas around patients. We contrasted treatment effect estimates using different local area sizes in terms of the strength of the relationship between local area practice styles and individual patient treatment choices; and indirect assessments of the assumption violations. Results: Using smaller local areas to measure practice styles exploits more treatment variation and results in smaller standard errors. However, if treatment effects are heterogeneous, the use of smaller local areas may increase the risk that local practice style measures are dominated by differences in average treatment effectiveness across areas and bias results toward greater effectiveness. Conclusion: Local area practice style measures can be useful instruments in instrumental variable analysis, but the use of smaller local area sizes to generate greater treatment variation may result in treatment effect estimates that are biased toward higher effectiveness. Assessment of whether ecological bias can be mitigated by changing local area size requires the use of outside data sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2013
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44. Antral follicle count in clinical practice: analyzing clinical relevance
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Hsu, Albert, Arny, Margaret, Knee, Alexander B., Bell, Carrie, Cook, Elizabeth, Novak, Amy L., and Grow, Daniel R.
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OVARIAN follicle , *MISCARRIAGE , *PREGNANCY , *ULTRASONIC imaging , *GONADOTROPIN , *ORAL contraceptives , *EMBRYO implantation , *CHILDBIRTH , *FOLLICLE-stimulating hormone , *INFERTILITY treatment , *BIRTH rate , *COMPARATIVE studies , *FERTILIZATION in vitro , *INFERTILITY , *LONGITUDINAL method , *RESEARCH methodology , *MEDICAL cooperation , *OVARIES , *INDUCED ovulation , *PROGNOSIS , *RESEARCH , *PROFESSIONAL practice , *CYTOMETRY , *EVALUATION research , *RETROSPECTIVE studies , *DIAGNOSIS - Abstract
Objective: To determine the clinical relevance of obtaining antral follicle counts (AFC) before ovarian stimulation in an IVF program.Design: Retrospective cohort study. <bold>Setting: An IVF program in a large academic teaching hospital.Patient(s): A total of 1,049 stimulated IVF cycles in 734 subjects between September 2003 and December 2007 selected from our program's database.Intervention(s): Basal antral follicles (AFCs) (3 mm-10 mm) were counted via ultrasound scan on cycle day 3 in luteal leuprolide acetate stimulations, or after at least 2 weeks of oral contraceptives in microdose leuprolide acetate stimulations. Patients were grouped according to basal AFC, and outcome parameters compared for AFC groups within each stimulation protocol.Main Outcome Measure(s): Oocytes retrieved, ovarian response, implantation rate, cancellations, pregnancy, pregnancy loss, and live births per cycle start.Result(s): Antral follicle count grouping is predictive of threefold change in ovarian response to gonadotropins and oocytes retrieved. Low AFC did predict a higher cancellation rate. Antral follicle count did not predict implantation rate, pregnancy rate, or live birth rate per cycle start.Conclusion(s): Antral follicle count may be helpful in determining stimulation protocol, as it is the most reliable determinant of oocytes retrieved per starting FSH dose. Antral follicle count predicts ovarian response, not embryo quality or pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2011
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45. Prevalence of restless legs syndrome among adults in Iceland and Sweden: Lung function, comorbidity, ferritin, biomarkers and quality of life
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Benediktsdottir, Bryndis, Janson, Christer, Lindberg, Eva, Arnardóttir, Erna Sif, Olafsson, Isleifur, Cook, Elizabeth, Thorarinsdottir, Elin Helga, and Gislason, Thorarinn
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DISEASE prevalence , *RESTLESS legs syndrome , *QUALITY of life , *BIOMARKERS , *FERRITIN , *EPIDEMIOLOGY , *PULMONARY function tests - Abstract
Abstract: Objective: This study investigates the prevalence and the association between restless legs syndrome (RLS) and a large variety of health variables in two well-characterized random samples from the general population in Reykjavik, Iceland, and Uppsala, Sweden. Methods: Using the national registries of inhabitants, a random sample from adults aged 40 and over living in Reykjavík, Iceland (n =939), and Uppsala, Sweden (n =998), were invited to participate in a study on the prevalence of COPD (response rate 81.1% and 62.2%). In addition, the participants were asked to answer the following questionnaires: International RLS Rating Scale, Short Form-12, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and questions about sleep, gastroeosophageal reflux, diabetes and hypertension, as well as pharmacological treatment. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP) and ferritin were measured in serum. Results: RLS was more commonly reported in Reykjavik (18.3%) than in Uppsala (11.5%). Icelandic women reported RLS almost twice as often as Swedish women (24.4 vs. 13.9% p =0.001), but there was no difference in prevalence of RLS between Icelandic and Swedish men. RLS was strongly associated with sleep disturbances and excessive daytime sleepiness. Subjects with RLS were more likely to be ex- and current smokers than subjects without RLS (p <0.001). Respiratory symptoms and airway obstruction were more prevalent among those reporting RLS and they also estimated their physical quality of life lower than those without RLS (p <0.001). RLS was not associated with symptoms of the metabolic syndrome like hypertension, obesity, markers of systemic inflammation (IL-6 and CRP) or cardiovascular diseases. Ferritin levels were significantly lower in RLS participants (p =0.0002), but not (p =0.07) after adjustment for center, age, sex and smoking history. Conclusion: Restless legs syndrome was twice as common among Icelandic women compared to Swedish women. No such difference was seen for men. RLS was strongly associated with smoking and respiratory symptoms, decreased lung function, sleep disturbances, excessive daytime sleepiness, and physical aspects of life quality. RLS was not associated with markers of the metabolic syndrome like hypertension, obesity, cardiovascular diseases or biomarkers of systemic inflammation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier] more...
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- 2010
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46. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist pretreatment did not decrease postoperative adhesion formation after abdominal myomectomy in a randomized control trial
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Coddington, Charles C., Grow, Daniel R., Ahmed, Mohamed S., Toner, James P., Cook, Elizabeth, and Diamond, Michael P.
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LUTEINIZING hormone releasing hormone agonists , *MYOMECTOMY , *MUSCLE tumors , *UTERINE fibroids , *TISSUE adhesions , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *HEALTH outcome assessment , *LONGITUDINAL method - Abstract
Objective: To determine if 3 months of preoperative gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) treatment decreases postoperative uterine adhesions after open abdominal surgery for the removal of uterine fibroids. Design: Prospective, randomized, clinical study. Setting: A tertiary care medical center. Patient(s): Women of reproductive age with symptomatic uterine fibroids not amenable to hysteroscopic removal. Intervention(s): Twenty patients underwent an initial abdominal myomectomy followed by a second-look laparoscopy for evaluating uterine adhesions after random allocation to groups receiving either GnRH analog or placebo for 3 months before the initial surgery. Main Outcome Measure(s): Adhesion formation between treatment groups and by incision number and aggregate length. Result(s): Presurgical GnRH-a treatment did not decrease adhesion formation compared with placebo. For every additional centimeter of incision length, the total adhesion area over the uterine serosal surface increased by 0.55 cm2. The number of myomas removed and the number of incisions were positively correlated with total adhesion area. Conclusion(s): Preoperative treatment with GnRH-a for 3 months before open abdominal myomectomy did not decrease postoperative uterine adhesions. Following the standards of good surgical technique, adhesions are minimized with fewer and smaller incisions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier] more...
- Published
- 2009
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47. Environmental tolerance of Caprella mutica: Implications for its distribution as a marine non-native species
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Ashton, Gail V., Willis, Kate J., Burrows, Michael T., and Cook, Elizabeth J.
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ENVIRONMENTAL research , *BIOLOGICAL invasions , *CAPRELLIDAE , *SALINITY , *SALINE waters , *TEMPERATURE , *PHYSIOLOGY - Abstract
Physiological tolerances limit the distribution of marine species, with geographical ranges being set by environmental factors, such as temperature and salinity, which affect the rates of vital processes and survival of marine ectotherms. The physiological tolerances of the non-native marine amphipod Caprella mutica were investigated in laboratory experiments. Adult C. mutica were collected from a fish farm on the west coast of Scotland and exposed to a range of temperatures and salinities for 48h. C. mutica were tolerant of a broad range of temperature and salinity conditions, with 100% mortality at 30°C (48h LT50, 28.3±0.4°C), and salinities lower than 16 (48h LC50, 18.7±0.2). Although lethargic at low temperatures (2°C), no mortality was observed, and the species is known to survive at temperatures as low as −1.8°C. The upper LC50 was greater than the highest salinity tested (40), thus it is unlikely that salinity will limit the distribution of C. mutica in open coastal waters. However, the species will be excluded from brackish water environments such as the heads of sea lochs or estuaries. The physiological tolerances of C. mutica are beyond the physical conditions experienced in its native or introduced range and are thus unlikely to be the primary factors limiting its present distribution and future spread. [Copyright &y& Elsevier] more...
- Published
- 2007
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48. Remote sensing and image interpretation: Thomas M. Lillesand and Ralph W. Kiefer, 3rd edn., Wiley, New York, 1994, 750 pp., US$75.00, ISBN 0-471-57783-9
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Cook, Elizabeth A.
- Published
- 1995
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