1. SARS CoV2 infection _The longevity study perspectives
- Author
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Giuseppina Colonna-Romano, Calogero Caruso, Letizia Scola, Domenico Lio, Rosa Maria Giarratana, Carmela Rita Balistreri, Giuseppina Candore, Lio D., Scola L., Giarratana R.M., Candore G., Colonna-Romano G., Caruso C., and Balistreri C.R.
- Subjects
Male ,Aging ,ssRNA, single-stranded RNA ,RFLP, restriction fragment length polymorphism ,HSPs, heat shock proteins ,Review ,PTMs, post-translational modifications ,Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ,Biochemistry ,HIV-1, human immunodeficiency virus-1 ,TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α ,EC, endothelial cells ,0302 clinical medicine ,FluAV, influenza A virus ,I, insertion ,Medicine ,IFN-γ, interferon-γ ,DIC, disseminated intravascular coagulation ,PCR, Polymerase Chain Reaction ,media_common ,Aged, 80 and over ,Longevity ,RBD, receptor-binding domain ,Neurology ,Longevity model ,MI, myocardial infarction ,NK, natural killer ,hPIV2, human parainfluenza virus type 2 ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Researching genetic basis of resistance and potential pharmacological targets ,DBP, diastolic blood pressure ,NF-Kb, nuclear transcription factor kB ,RANTES, regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted ,Mphi, human macrophages ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cox 2, cyclooxygenase 2 ,ORF, open reading frame ,PT, prothrombin time ,Settore MED/05 - Patologia Clinica ,Humans ,Molecular Biology ,Inflammatory genes ,ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome ,NO, nitric oxide ,D, deletion ,CpGIs, CpG islands ,T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus ,medicine.disease ,FDP, fibrin degradation products ,030104 developmental biology ,SARS CoV2, severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 virus ,Immunology ,BMI, body max index ,Italian nonagenarians/centenarians ,RSV, respiratory syncytial virus ,Complication ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase ,IP-10, IFN-γ -Inducible Protein 104 ,0301 basic medicine ,AT1R, activity of angiotensin 1 receptors ,DCs, dentritic cells ,SSCP, single strand conformation polymorphism ,ACE/DD, polymorphism of the angiotensin converting enzyme ,FGF21, fibroblast growth factor 21 ,TLR4, toll-like receptor 4 ,NAD, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ,ACE, angiotensin-I converting enzyme ,AT2R, activity of angiotensin 2 receptors ,COVID-19, Coronavirus disease 2019 ,Respiratory distress ,ACE2, angiotensin converting enzyme 2 ,MKP-1, mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 () ,PD, protease domain ,SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism ,EH, essential hypertension ,TNFR, tumor necrosis factor receptor ,INR, international normalized ratio of the prothrombin time ,PAI-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 ,Ang, angiotensin ,LPS, lipopolysaccharide ,MCP1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 ,medicine.symptom ,aPTT, partial thromboplastin time ,Biotechnology ,DUSP1, dual specificity phosphatase 1 ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,PC, prostate cancer ,RAS, renin-angiotensin aldosterone system ,CCR5Δ32, genetic variant of chemokine receptor ,COVID-19, Researching genetic basis of resistance and potential pharmacological targets, Italian nonagenarians/centenarians, Longevity model ,Asymptomatic ,SARS-1, severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 1 ,SIRT-1, Sirtuin 1 ,Th1, t-helper lymphocyte type 1 ,Immune system ,ROS, reactive oxygen species ,TGF-β, transforming growth factor beta ,ET-1, endothelin-1 ,ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS ,ADAM-17, metallopeptidase domain 17 ,business.industry ,SARS-CoV-2 ,SBP, systolic blood pressure ,COVID-19 ,HDACs, histone deacetylases ,Comorbidity ,Immune System ,business ,5-LO, lipoxygenase 5 - Abstract
Graphical abstract, Like other infectious diseases, COVID-19 shows a clinical outcome enormously variable, ranging from asymptomatic to lethal. In Italy, like in other countries, old male individuals, with one or more comorbidity, are the most susceptible group, and show, consequently, the highest mortality, and morbidity, including lethal respiratory distress syndrome, as the most common complication. In addition, another extraordinary peculiarity, that is a surprising resistance to COVID-19, characterizes some Italian nonagenarians/centenarians. Despite having the typical COVID-19 signs and/or symptoms, such exceptional individuals show a surprising tendency to recover from illness and complications. On the other hand, long-lived people have an optimal performance of immune system related to an overexpression of anti-inflammatory variants in immune/inflammatory genes, as demonstrated by our and other groups. Consequently, we suggest long-lived people as an optimal model for detecting genetic profiles associated with the susceptibility and/or protection to COVID-19, to utilize as potential pharmacological targets for preventing or reducing viral infection in more vulnerable individuals.
- Published
- 2021