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The objective of this randomized clinical trial (RCT) was to assess the effectiveness of electrospun chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol (CS/PVA) nanofibrous scaffolds in preserving the alveolar ridge and enhancing bone remodeling following tooth extraction when compared to a control group. In this split RCT, 24 human alveolar sockets were randomly assigned to two groups, with 12 sockets receiving CS/PVA nanofibrous scaffold grafts (test group) and 12 left to heal by secondary intention as the control group. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was performed at two different time points: immediately after extraction (T0) and 4 months post-extraction (T4). After 4 months, linear vertical and horizontal radiographic changes and bone density of extraction sockets were assessed in both the test and control groups. The RCT included 12 patients (4 male and 8 female) with a mean age of 24 ± 3.37 years. The test group had a significantly lower mean vertical resorption vs the control group, with a mean difference of 1.1 mm (P < 0.05). Similarly, the control group's mean horizontal bone resorption was −2.01 ± 1.04 mm, while the test group had a significantly lower mean of −0.69 ± 0.41 mm, resulting in a mean difference of 1.35 mm (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the study group exhibited a significant increase in bone density (722.03 ± 131.17 HU) after 4 months compared to the control group (448.73 ± 93.23 HU). In conclusion, we demonstrated within the limitations of this study that CS/PVA nanofibrous scaffold significantly limited alveolar bone resorption horizontally and vertically and enhanced bone density in alveolar sockets after 4 months when compared to results in the control group (TCTR20230526005). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ossifying fibroma (OF) is a benign lesion could occur in different areas of the body and contain fibers, cells and non-organic materials in non specific amounts. It is growing could be slow or rapid and according to this an array of treatment options must be considered to avoid future complications. In this article, we present a case report of a 40-year-old female patient who visited the dentist with the intention of having a normal check up. Bilateral lesion was observed in the mandible, the patient had no medical history of trauma. The lesion was removed surgically and analyzed histologically and the result was ossifying fibroma in both sides. Ossifying fibroma is a rare tumor to be found in the oral cavity, and the family of fibro-osseous lesions (FOLs) has in general the same pathologic features and differ from each other in clinical view so the definitive diagnosis is based on mixture of all these elements. The treatment is complete surgical excision. 11 cases were discovered and archived since 1968 until now, the distribution of cases is nearly equal in the oral cavity, and the infection of females is higher than males. • Nearly all cases of bilateral ossifying fibroma are radiologically evident, as in this article. • Reviewing the literature showed that the rate of females is higher than males (as it was before). • Through the literature it was found that there is no favorable site of the cases in the oral cavity. • Generally discovered in a routine checkup as they are asymptomatic in most cases [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the long-term utility of the free fibula flap for the reconstruction of the maxilla and mandible and to investigate its suitability for prosthetic rehabilitation with dental implants focusing on implant survival and implant-related morbidity. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients who underwent microsurgical reconstruction of the upper or lower jaw after resection from 1992 to 1994 and were available for follow-up examination were included in the investigation. The primary afflictions were malignant tumors, alveolar atrophy, or osteomyelitis. Clinical and radiologic findings were gathered and evaluated with emphasis on the radiologic follow-up as well as clinical investigations disclosing implant-related complications. Results: The fibula proved very suitable for the reconstruction of the upper and lower jaw, allowing rehabilitation with dental implants in all cases. Additionally, the peri-implant bone resorption and the overall complication rate proved to be low. In 93 of 128 implants, probing depths ranged from 2 to 3 mm. In 20 implants, probing depths of 4 to 6 mm were observed. In 4 implants, probing depths of greater than 7 mm were observed. These values corresponded with the radiologically assessed values. Conclusion: The reconstruction of the upper and lower jaw with a microsurgically reanastomosed fibula flap, in combination with dental implants, leads to satisfactory functional and esthetic results. The fibula flap seems resistant to peri-implantary resorption processes and is capable of withstanding the masticatory forces that develop during functional loading. In conjunction with the new prosthetic attachments, like the titanium magnetic inserts, the fixation of cover dentures and the oral hygiene is simplified and improved. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the performances of 5 plating techniques for fixation of unilateral mandibular subcondylar fracture.Materials and Methods: Five titanium plating techniques for fixation of condylar fracture were analyzed using the finite element method. The modeled techniques were 1) 1 straight plate, 2) 2 parallel straight plates, 3) 2 angulated straight plates, 4) 1 trapezoidal plate, and 5) 1 square plate. Three-dimensional models were generated using patient-specific geometry for the mandible obtained from a computerized tomographic image of a healthy living man. Plates were designed and combined with the mandible and analyzed under a 500-N load.Results: The single straight plate presented the most inferior performance; it presented maximum displacement and strain on cortical bone. The trapezoidal plate induced the least amount of strain on cortical bone and was best at resisting displacement.Conclusion: The trapezoidal plate is recommended for fixation of subcondylar fracture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]