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In order to analyze the feasibility of the solar heating system in rural areas of Jinan. The models without auxiliary heat source include heating load of building and solar heating system have been established by using TRNSYS software. The ordinary rural residential area of 102m2 in Jinan is taken as an example. The results of the solar heating system are obtained by means of simulation. The solar heat collection and water supply temperature of the tank are regarded as important reference factors. Considering both of them, the heating guarantee rate is about 59%. So it is necessary to open the electric heater of the storage tank to ensure that the indoor heating is effective in the special weather and early stages of heating. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The quality of the container ocean shipping network design directly affects the revenue of liner companies. In this paper, a container ocean shipping network design problem (COND) is investigated. Considering that the governments of many countries have proposed carbon-neutral initiatives, coupled with the constant fluctuations in the shipping market, the carbon tax and cargo owners' choice inertia factors are taken into consideration simultaneously. To model the COND, a bi-level programming model is developed to jointly optimize the liner type, calling sequence, calling frequency, and sailing speed. The upper model aims to choose the network design scheme that maximizes the liner company's revenue. The lower model optimizes the freight scheme of the liner company to evaluate the network design scheme selected by the upper model. To solve the abovementioned model, a genetic algorithm is designed, and a real-world trade shipping route between Asia and Western Europe is introduced to perform numerical experiments. Sensitivity analyses are conducted for different carbon tax rates and transportation demands. The experimental results show that the abovementioned model and algorithm can effectively address the COND and provide certain useful managerial insights for the liner company's daily operation. [Display omitted] • A liner shipping network design problem is investigated. • The carbon tax and choice inertia of cargo owners are jointly considered. • A bi-level programming model is established. • A genetic algorithm is designed to solve the abovementioned model. • The conclusions provide guidance to liner companies' daily operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] A novel generalized semi-analytical explicit capillary force model is established. [•] Fourier series expansion is introduced to fit for the plates with arbitrary shape. [•] Incredible ability to predict the standoff height when considering chip gravity. [•] Complex phase diagram is obtained to characterize varieties of system instability. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

• CMAC is analyzed on the carbon content distribution and the fracture mechanics. • A calculation rule between the shift of DBTT and the carbon content is given. • Outer surface with the highest CMAC of SG channel head is studied and discussed. Fast fracture evaluation strategy is receiving earnest concern in the structural integrity analysis of nuclear equipment which subjected to the effects of neutron irradiation during operation. The increment of ductile and brittle transition temperature is mainly due to the neutron irradiation which increases the risk of brittle fracture failure. In addition to the neutron irradiation, the high carbon macro-segregation of low-alloy steels also increases the risk of brittle fracture failure as the carbon positive macro-segregation will lead to the increasing ductile and brittle transition temperature of low-alloy steels. In the present study, a conservative relationship between the carbon content and the increment of ductile and brittle transition temperature is developed based on data and is used to the brittle fracture failure analysis of the highest carbon content region in SG channel head. A special defect size is assumed considering capability of non-destructive evaluation technology in the brittle fracture failure analysis. Results show that ratio between the calculated stress intensity factor according to safety coefficient suggested by ASME design code and the critical stress intensity factor is less than one, which indicates a safe design and no risk of brittle fracture failure for steam generator channel head considering high carbon macro-segregation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]