1. Effect of ramipril on kidney, lung and heart ACE2 in a diabetic mice model.
- Author
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Vergara, Ander, Jacobs-Cachá, Conxita, Molina-Van den Bosch, Mireia, Domínguez-Báez, Pamela, Benito, Begoña, García-Carro, Clara, Serón, Daniel, and Soler, María José
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ANGIOTENSIN converting enzyme , *COVID-19 , *RESPIRATORY organs , *ACE inhibitors , *RENIN-angiotensin system , *RAMIPRIL - Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The main organ affected in this infection is the lung and the virus uses the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a receptor to enter the target cells. In this context, a controversy raised regarding the use of renin-angiotensin system (RAAS) blockers, as these drugs might increase ACE2 expression in some tissues and potentially increase the risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection. This is specially concerning in diabetic patients as diabetes is a risk factor for COVID-19. 12-week old diabetic mice (db/db) were treated with ramipril, or vehicle control for 8 weeks. Non-diabetic db/m mice were included as controls. ACE2 expression and activity were studied in lung, kidney and heart of these animals. Kidney ACE2 activity was increased in the db/db mice as compared to the db/m (143.2% ± 23% vs 100% ± 22.3%, p = 0.004), whereas ramipril had no significant effect. In the lung, no differences were found in ACE2 when comparing db/db mice to db/m and ramipril also had no significant effect. In the heart, diabetes decreased ACE2 activity (83% ± 16.8%, vs 100% ± 23.1% p = 0.02), and ramipril increased ACE2 significantly (83% ± 16.8% vs 98.2% ± 15%, p = 0.04). In a mouse model of type 2 diabetes, ramipril had no significant effect on ACE2 activity in either kidneys or in the lungs. Therefore, it is unlikely that RAAS blockers or at least angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors increase the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection through increasing ACE2. • The Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the main receptor for the SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. • It has been suggested that RAAS blockade may increase the expression of ACE2 and the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, which is specially concerning in diabetic patients. • In kidney, ACE2 was found increased in db/db as compared to the non-diabetic littermates. Ramipril normalized ACE2 gene expression but had no effect on ACE2 activity. • In lung, no differences were found in ACE2 when comparing db/db mice to db/m and Ramipril had no effect. • RAAS blockade in db/db did not induce increase of the levels of ACE2 in the kidney and the lung which suggests that it will not exert a deleterious effect on COVID-19 patients with diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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