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Isomorphous complexes Zn(dmid)(phen)2 (1) and Cd(dmid)(phen)2 (2) have been synthesized through a ligand substitute reaction. Their structures and properties have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV–Vis, fluorescence and single-crystal X-ray analysis. The octahedral N4S2 coordination geometry, bonding, electronic structure and IR spectra of the Zn(dmid)(phen)2 molecule were studied in detail using DFT and INDO/S methods. In the crystal packing, there exists a strong π–π interaction between two parallel 1,10-phenanthrolines of adjacent molecules. Complex 1 (or 2) in the solid state exhibits an intensive fluorescence band at 539.5 nm (or 536 nm) when the excitation wavelength is 371 nm (or 370.5 nm) at room temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

• A novel criterion: available Smoothing Energy Capability is proposed for power smoothing. • A novel multi-input and multi-output fuzzy logic (FLC) is proposed for power smoothing. • An offline training and online implementation method is presented to optimize the FLC parameters. Optimal energy management is a major challenge for most energy storage systems (ESSs), which is especially a big concern for the superconducting fault current limiter-magnetic ESS (SFCL-MES). To prevent malfunction, the superconducting coil (SC) current of the SFCL-MES needs to be controlled strictly within a well-defined operational range. To optimally utilize the energy capability of the ESS while keeping the state of charge (SOC) within a safe range, a novel multi-input multi-output fuzzy logic controller (FLC), which adjusts both the filter time constant and the SOC regulator gains, is proposed for optimal energy utilization. The parameters of the FLC were further optimized offline by particle swarm optimization with real collected operational data. The optimized FLC has been successfully implemented on a 1MVA/1MJ prototype installed in a wind farm. The operational results of the prototype demonstrate the good performance of the proposed approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: We compared reproductive characteristics of Scirpus mariqueter and Spartina alterniflora in monocultures and mixed communities to assess the importance of clonality in the population distribution and colonization of the two species. In the core S. alterniflora zone, individuals were taller and there were fewer underground tillers than in the Spartina–Scirpus zone. Every sexual S. alterniflora individual produced about two underground tillers in the S. alterniflora zone, which was two thirds as many as in the Spartina–Scirpus zone. In contrast, the height of sexual S. mariqueter was the highest in the mixed zone, whereas the numbers of flowering individuals and vegetative individuals were the highest in the core and the Scirpus–tidal flat zones, respectively. In the Scirpus–tidal flat zone each sexual individual produced 14 vegetative individuals, which was 23 times that produced in the mixed zone, and 45 times that in the core zone. Aboveground biomass and density of sexual individuals decreased from the core to the Scirpus–tidal flat zone. The ratio of aboveground to belowground biomass was lower in core zones of the two species than in their mixed zones. From the S. alterniflora to the tidal flat zone there was a decrease in salinity and redox potential and an increase in soil moisture. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Combination of a cationic complex [Ni(phen)3]2+ and an anionic complex [Ni(mnt)2]- has resulted in a novel mixed-valence complex [Ni(phen)3]2[Ni(mnt)2]3·2DMF (phen=1,10′-phenathroline, mnt=1,2-dicyanovinylene-1,2-dithiolato, DMF=N,N-dimethylformamide). Its crystal structure consists of two different types of [Ni(mnt)2] units: [Ni(mnt)2]- and [Ni(mnt)2]2-, the arrangement of the [Ni(mnt)2] anion is found to be quite different from segregated stack layers often found for [Ni(mnt)2]-based compounds. Infrared and electronic spectra also confirmed the existence of both [Ni(mnt)2]- and [Ni(mnt)2]2- units. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: LiNi0.9Co0.1O2 cathode material was prepared by a rheological phase reaction method with LiOH·H2O and Ni0.9Co0.1(OH)2 as starting materials. The mixture of reactants and a proper amount of water reacted to form a rheological precursor, and then the dried precursor was sintered in flowing oxygen based on the results of thermogravimetric. The sintering temperature has a remarkable effect on the electrochemical performance of the samples. The sample LiNi0.9Co0.1O2 material sintered at 730°C for 6h has the largest initial discharge capacity 195.7mAhg−1 (50mAg−1, 3.0–4.3V) and shows the better electrochemical performance, capacity retention after 20 cycles is 91.4%. This method is simple and effective for preparing cathode materials for lithium batteries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]