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Highlights • We calculate thermomagnetic properties and magnetocaloric effect using the MFT. • The bulk and shear modului, γ e and ϴ D were calculated from the DOS(EF). • Arrott plots was calculated for different temperatures and fields. Abstract We report on a theoretical study of thermomagnetic and magnetocaloric properties of TmFe 2. The magnetization, total heat capacity, total entropy and magnetocaloric effect, namely isothermal entropy change ΔS m and adiabatic temperature change ΔT ad , are calculated for magnetic fields up to 8 T and for temperatures up to 700 K. Mean- field analysis, within the two sublattice model, showed that TmFe 2 is a ferrimagnetic compound exhibiting a compensation point at T comp = 200 K and a Curie temperature at T C = 550 K. Direct and inverse MCEs are shown to take place in this ferrimagnetic compound. We have calculated direct MCE with maximum |ΔS m | of 0.50 J/ mole K at T c , and an inverse MCE with maximum |ΔS m | of 0.57 J/mole. K, for an applied field change of 8 T. |ΔT ad | has its maximum value of 5.57 K in an applied field change of 8 T. i.e. a temperature drop of 0.70 K/T has been achieved. The calculated Arrott plots and the relation between |ΔS m | and M2 demonstrated that the magnetic phase transition in this compound is of the second order. The mean-field model proves its suitability for calculating the properties of the compound under study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Background: The impact of mechanical ventilation on the incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants is unknown, simply because the vast majority of these infants have been routinely intubated and mechanically ventilated. There is a growing interest in the use of early nasal continuous positive airway pressure (ENCPAP) and avoiding mechanical ventilation. Objectives: To examine the role of mechanical ventilation since delivery room in determining severe IVH in VLBW infants in two neonatal units that follow the same strategy of respiratory management using ENCPAP. Methods: We collected data on delivery room intubation and mechanical ventilation during the first 3days of life in VLBW infants. Logistic regression model was constructed to test the relationship between early mechanical ventilation and the diagnosis of severe IVH after controlling for significant confounding variables, such as BW, gender, duration of mechanical ventilation, and partial pressure of CO2 (PCO2). Results: Of the studied 340 VLBW, 35 infants had severe IVH; most of them received mechanical ventilation that started either in the delivery room (n =12) or during the first (n =10) and second (n =3) days of life. Severe IVH was independently associated with lower BW, mechanical ventilation in the delivery room, and the cumulative duration of mechanical ventilation during the first 3days. The adjusted odds ratio for severe IVH in infants intubated in delivery room was (OR=2.7, CI: 1.1–6.6, P =0.03). Severe IVH was not associated with gender, prenatal steroids, early sepsis, or patent ductus arteriosus. Conclusions: Mechanical ventilation plays a role in predicting severe IVH. Both the time at which ventilation was initiated and the duration of ventilation are important determinants of severe IVH. Risk for severe IVH in infants who were never intubated in delivery room or during the first 3days of life is miniscule. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Presents the results of a study which was conducted to assess the withdrawal for children and infants who participated in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). Why the WIC was established by Congress; Effectiveness of the WIC in reducing nutrition-related problems among program participants.