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Radiation therapy was effective and safe in patients with extramammary Paget's disease. Tumor invasion into the dermis and regional lymph node metastasis were significant prognostic factors for both distant metastasis and patient survival. A total dose of at least 60 Gy is required to eradicate gross tumors, while microscopic diseases can be controlled by a dose of 50 Gy.Background Extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) is a relatively rare malignancy, and there are few reports related to radiation therapy. In the present study, we investigated the outcome of radiation therapy for EMPD. Patients and methods Forty-one patients with EMPD in the genitalia underwent radiation therapy with curative intent. Fifteen patients had regional lymph node metastases before radiation therapy, but none had distant metastasis. Total doses of 45–80.2 Gy (median, 60 Gy) were delivered to tumor sites in 23–43 fractions (median, 33 fractions). Results At a median follow-up period of 41 months, 16 patients had developed recurrences, including 5 with local progression within the radiation field and 12 with lymph node or/and distant metastases outside the radiation field. The local progression-free and disease-free rates were 88% and 55% at 3 years, and 82% and 46% at 5 years, respectively. Nine patients died at 6–73 months after irradiation; the causes of death were tumor progression in five patients, infectious pneumonia in two, renal failure in one and old age in one. The overall and cause-specific survival rates were 93% and 96% at 3 years, and 68% and 84% at 5 years, respectively. Tumor invasion into the dermis and regional lymph node metastasis were significant prognostic factors for both distant metastasis and survival. No therapy-related toxicities of grade ≥3 were observed. Conclusions Radiation therapy is safe and effective for patients with EMPD. It appeared to contribute to prolonged survival owing to good tumor control, and to be a promising curative treatment option. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multiple immunologic and physiologic insults can contribute to chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD). Thy-1 is a surface glycoprotein that can downregulate fibroblast differentiation to myofibroblasts and fibroblast activation. The role of Thy-1 in CLAD has not been explored. We utilized the minor antigen mismatched C57BL/6 (B6)→C57BL/10 (B10) model of murine lung transplantation. To mimic bacterial infection some mice received LPS (5μg in 50μl PBS/dose) intratracheally every 4 days until sacrifice on postoperative day 30 while some mice were treated with saline. We transplanted either wild type B6 or Thy-1 deficient grafts to B10 recipient mice (B6wt→B10 vs. B6Thy1-/−→B10). Grafts were assessed based on histological grading for obliterative bronchiolitis (OB) and parenchymal fibrosis. To assess the role of LPS on fibroblast-specific Thy-1 expression, we utilized primary cell cultures of murine lung fibroblasts isolated from B6 mice, using media containing 1μg/ml of LPS. LPS treatment resulted in CLAD which was more severe in B6Thy1-/- donors(Figure A).More importantly immunohistochemical evaluation demonstrated that that all OB and fibrotic lesion, even in wild-type donors consisted of Thy-1 negative fibroblast. In vitro administration of LPS significantly downregulated Thy-1 in wild-type fibroblast through the downregulation of protein-specific mRNA (P <0.05) (Figure B). We for the first time demonstrate the link between the downregulation of Thy-1 and CLAD. We also demonstrate that LPS results in loss of Thy-1 on stromal cells thus contributing to proliferative airway lesions and parenchymal fibrosis. Our findings suggest that Thy-1 replacement may serve as a therapeutic option to prevent chronic rejection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: We have investigated the time evolution of terahertz electromagnetic waves caused by the surge current of photogenerated carriers, the so-called first burst, in two i-GaAs/n-GaAs epitaxial layer structures with different i-GaAs layer thicknesses of 500 and 1200nm. The terahertz waveform of the first burst shows a narrowing with a decrease in the thickness of the i-GaAs layer. In accordance with the above phenomena, it is observed in the Fourier power spectra that the band of the first burst shows a high frequency shift with a decrease in the i-GaAs layer thickness. We elucidate the origin of the high frequency shift, focusing on the time-domain dynamics of the photogenerated carriers: we apply the time-partitioning Fourier transform, which is useful to investigate the time evolution of the frequency. From the time-partitioning Fourier power spectra, we obtain the evidence that the acceleration after the carrier generation dominates the time evolution of the frequency component leading to the high frequency shift. PACS: 78.47.-p; 78.47.J-; 78.66.Fd [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Chemoradiotherapy and radiotherapy for esophageal cancer sometimes cause esophageal fistulas. Esophageal fistulas often require additional procedures and are associated with a high mortality rate. The present study was conducted to determine the risk factors associated with esophageal fistulas in patients with esophageal cancer. We reviewed the cases of 206 patients who were treated with definitive radiotherapy for esophageal cancer. The planning dose, which ranged from 44 to 64.8 Gy (median: 59.4 Gy), was delivered to the primary lesion and regional lymph nodes. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and time-to-event analyses were performed using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. None of the 68 patients with T1 or T2 esophageal cancer developed esophageal fistulas. Among the 138 patients with T3 or T4 esophageal cancer, esophageal fistulas were detected in 20 (14.5%) patients. Multivariate analysis of the 138 patients with T3 or T4 esophageal cancer revealed low body mass index (BMI) to be an independent risk factor for esophageal fistula formation (P = 0.0055). The optimal BMI cut-off value for predicting esophageal fistula formation was 20 kg/m2 (P = 0.0121, odds ratio = 4.130). In patients with esophageal cancer treated with definitive radiotherapy, a BMI below 20 kg/m2 is a risk factor for esophageal fistula formation. A well-designed randomized controlled trial comparing the incidence of esophageal fistulas between patients with esophageal cancer who do and do not receive nutritional support before radiotherapy is required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Direct wafer bonding of InGaAs channels with Si substrates. [•] Self-align Ni–InGaAs metal S/D enable InGaAs-OI n-MOSFETs fabrication on Si. [•] Low D it GeO x /Ge and thin EOT formed by ECR post plasma oxidation. [•] InGaAs-OI nMOSFETs and Ge p-MOSFETs integrated on same Ge wafers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Al2O3 interlayer with plasma post-nitridation can reduce D it of HfO2/Al2O3/SiGe. [•] D it toward valance band is decreased by this method, compared with HfO2/SiGe MOS. [•] There is an universal relationship between the D it and ΔEOT by post-nitridation. [•] 0.28-nm Al2O3 with 150-W microwave plasma achieves D it ∼1011 cm−2 eV−1, ΔEOT∼0.3nm. [•] With this method, we can achieve EOT scaling of HfO2/Al2O3/SiGe MOS with low D it. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) offers the unique capability to collide polarized protons at high energies. One of the highlights of the polarized proton program performed at is that it affords the direct measurement of sea quark contribution to the proton spin via W-boson production through the measurement of the parity violating single spin asymmetry. A new trigger electronics system for forward muons, which is especially capable of W-boson detection, was developed for the PHENIX experiment. The trigger was installed as an additional electronic circuit, and it was connected in parallel with the existing cathode readout electronics of the muon tracking chamber. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Poster: Clinical track: Palliation PO-1258: Intensity modulated radiation therapy for lymph node oligo-recurrence A. Sato, M. Omura, Y. Minagawa, K. Takino, K. Matsui, H. Hongo, R. Shirata, H. Hashimoto, T. Misumi, Y. Sasaki, T. Inoue, M. Hata. [Extracted from the article]