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Neuron-specific enolase (NSE), which is a highly specific marker for neurons, could be a predictor for prognosis in patients with symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) with acute ischemic stroke who are receiving endovascular treatment (EVT). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between NSE and sICH in patients with acute anterior circulation stroke undergoing EVT. A total of 215 consecutive patients with acute stroke treated with EVT were included. Patients with stroke and acute anterior circulation occlusion, receiving EVT treated at our hospital, were enrolled between January 2017 and August 2021. NSE level was measured on arrival at the neurology intensive care unit after EVT. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to whether sICH was present. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. NSE level was also incorporated into the TAG score (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score, and glucose level), which was developed as a scoring system to predict sICH, and the prediction capability was compared with the TAG score alone. Causal inference was performed using the package DoWhy in Python to evaluate the causal relationship between NSE and sICH. The area under the curve (AUC) value of NSE showed moderate accuracy, with an AUC value of 0.729 (95% confidence interval, 0.655–0.795; P < 0.001). The NSE cutoff value was set at 23.88 ng/mL. When the NSE level ≥23.88 ng/mL, the sensitivity was 58.33% and the specificity was 78.72% (P < 0.001). The AUC for the TAG + NSE score was 0.801 compared with an AUC of 0.632 for the TAG score (Z = 2.034; P = 0.042). A causal inference model using the DoWhy library shows a proportional relationship between NSE and the diagnosis of sICH. This study is the first to show that increased NSE level is an independent predictor of sICH in patients with acute anterior circulation stroke who are undergoing endovascular treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Malignant cerebral edema (MCE) is a common and feared complication after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). This study aimed to establish a nomogram to predict MCE in anterior circulation large vessel occlusion stroke (LVOS) patients receiving EVT in order to guide the postoperative medical care in the acute phase. In this retrospective cohort study, 381 patients with anterior circulation LVOS receiving EVT were screened from 636 hospitalized patients with LVOS at 2 stroke medical centers. Clinical baseline data and imaging data were collected within 2–5 days of admission to the hospital. The patients were divided into 2 groups based on whether MCE occurred after EVT. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the independent risk factors for MCE and to establish a nomogram. Sixty-six patients out of 381 (17.32%) developed MCE. The independent risk factors for MCE included admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) ≥16 (odds ratio [OR] 1.851; 95% CI 1.029–3.329; P = 0.038), ASPECT score (OR 0.621; 95% CI 0.519–0.744; P < 0.001), right hemisphere (OR 1.636; 95% CI 0.941–2.843; P = 0.079), collateral circulation (OR 0.155; 95% CI 0.074–0.324; P < 0.001), recanalization (OR 0.223; 95% CI 0.109–0.457; P < 0.001), hematocrit (OR, 0.937; 95% CI: 0.892–0.985; P =0.010), and glucose (OR 1.118; 95% CI 1.023–1.223; P = 0.036), which were adopted as parameters of the nomogram. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of the nomogram in predicting MCE was 0.901(95% CI 0.848–0.940; P < 0.001). The Hosmer-Lemeshow test results were not significant (P = 0.685), demonstrating a good calibration of the nomogram. The novel nomogram composed of admission NIHSS, ASPECT scores, right hemisphere, collateral circulation, recanalization, hematocrit, and serum glucose provide a potential predictor for MCE in patients with AIS after EVT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multiple odour nuisance in livestock farming is a notorious problem that has a significant impact on the living environment of surrounding communities. Adsorbents based on metal-organic framework (MOF) materials show great promise for controlling odour pollution, as they offer a high specific surface area, a controllable structure and an abundance of active sites. However, the MOF formation process is prone to problems such as pore clogging or collapse and reduced porosity, which limits its further application. In this study, a series of odour adsorbents were prepared by in situ growth of NH 2 -UiO-66 on tea stem biochar (TSBC) using a hydrothermal method and named UiO (Zr)-TSBC x. The physical and chemical properties and composition of UiO (Zr)-TSBC x have been systematically characterized using SEM, TEM, XRD, FT-IR, N 2 adsorption-desorption and XPS. The release of odours from the pig farm effluent was monitored using in-situ continuous Proton-Transfer-Reaction Mass Spectrometry (PTR-MS), and the obtained primary compositions were tested for further adsorption. In dynamic adsorption experiments focused on butyric acid, UiO (Zr)-TSBC 2 showed a high adsorption capacity of 3.99 × 105 μg/g and exceptional structural stability. UiO (Zr)-TSBC 2 showed variable adsorption efficiencies for different odorous gases, with the best performance for the removal of ammonia, toluene and butyric acid. It also demonstrated the ability to rapidly mitigate instantaneous high concentrations of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), methanethiol and toluene resulting from agitation. Additionally, based on the relationship between the adsorption amount and the structural characteristics of the adsorbent as well as the nature of the odours, a possible adsorption mechanism of UiO (Zr)-TSBC 2 for a variety of odours released from pig farm effluent was proposed. This work demonstrates a novel approach to promote deodorization applications in livestock and poultry farming environments by the in-situ growth of NH 2 -UiO-66 on biochar prepared from tea stem. [Display omitted] • Odours efficiently adsorbed by UiO (Zr)-TSBC synthesized through a solvothermal method. • The detection of odours released from the effluent was carried out using PTR-MS. • UiO (Zr)-TSBC 2 exhibited advantageous adsorption and cycling performance. • Adsorption mechanism of odours on UiO (Zr)-TSBC were illustrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The novel rare earth monosilicates (xRE 1/x) 2 SiO 5 (RE=Yb, Tm, Er, Y, Dy and Tb, x = 2–6) were prepared in order to establish the relationship between configurational entropy and lattice distortion, and the effect of configurational entropy on their properties was investigated. The results showed that the lattice distortion of (xRE 1/x) 2 SiO 5 increased gradually with the increase of configurational entropy, but the multi-principal component solid solution tended to form a highly symmetrical crystal structure when the configurational entropy was large enough, thus inhibiting the lattice distortion. (5RE 1/5) 2 SiO 5 had a maximum lattice distortion, which leaded to a relatively low thermal conductivity and coefficient of thermal expansion, and good CMAS corrosion resistance. • The effect of configurational entropy on microstructure and properties was investigated. • (5RE 0.2) 2 SiO 5 ceramic had a maximum lattice distortion. • (5RE 0.2) 2 SiO 5 ceramic presented the relatively good thermal properties and CMAS corrosion resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to compare the relative effectiveness of different forms of mind-body exercise in improving glycolipid metabolism in patients with T2DM using a network meta-analysis. The relevant literature was systematically searched in Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database and VIP Chinese Science. A network meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model within a frequentist framework. A total of 52 studies with 6 modalities of mind-body exercise involving 4024 patients were included. Compared with controls, all exercise modalities except Yijinjing significantly improved patients' fasting blood glucose (MDs ranged from −0.72(95% CI: −1.20,-0.25) in dance to −2.06(95% CI: −2.59,-1.54) in yoga), glycated hemoglobin (MDs ranged from −0.62 (95% CI: −0.96) in taijiquan to −0.27,-0.27) in Pilates to −1.18(95% CI: 1.80,-0.57)), total cholesterol (MDs ranged from −0.73(95% CI: −1.29,-0.17) in Pilates to −0.41(95% CI: −0.62,-0.19) in Tai Chi), triglycerides (MDs ranged from −0.56 in Pilates (95% CI: −1.07,-0.04) for Pilates to −0.38 (95% CI: −0.67,-0.10)) for dance; only Tai Chi Chuan (MD:0.12 95% CI:0.04,0.20) and Baduanjin (MD:0.14 95% CI:0.06,0.22) significantly increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in patients; only yoga(MD: 0.78 95%CI: 1.20,-0.37) and Tai Chi Chuan(MD: 0.32 95%CI: 0.60,-0.04) significantly decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in patients. All mind-body exercises help to improve blood glucose and lipid levels in T2DM patients, but the ranking of relative effectiveness needs to be rationalized. Our study suggests that T2DM patients should choose appropriate mind-body exercises according to their conditions and stick to them for a long time under their healthcare professionals' guidance to achieve effective diabetes control. • This study compared the relative effectiveness of different forms of mind-body exercise in improving glycolipid metabolism in patients with T2DM using a network meta-analysis. • This result serves to guide clinical decision-making and inform future research, while also offering T2DM patients insights into exercise options for their daily lives. • We found that all mind-body exercises help to improve blood glucose and lipid levels in T2DM patients, but the ranking of relative effectiveness needs to be rationalized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oxidative stress disrupts the intracellular redox balance that modulate many signaling pathways, including nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Keap1 signaling. However, the antioxidant roles of Nrf2 in the testis before adulthood have not been reported. Accordingly, in this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of the Nrf2 antioxidant system on protection of testicular cells against oxidative stress at different stages of development in the testis of mice before adulthood. Male mice (1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks old) were used, and their relative testes weights were calculated. Malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were detected to evaluate the antioxidant capacity in the testes. Additionally, Nrf2 signaling pathway and mitochondrial apoptotic pathway proteins were evaluated by western blotting, and the localizations of Nrf2, protein gene product (PGP) 9.5, and activated-caspase 3 in testicular cells were examined using immunohistochemistry. The results showed that the activities of caspase-8 and caspase-3 and the number of activated-caspase 3-positive testicular cells per tubule were increased after 1 week of age. Moreover, MDA contents were increased and SOD activity was decreased with age in mouse testes before adulthood. The expression of PGP9.5 was increased, as well as the number of positive testicular cells per tubule. In addition, Nrf2 translocation to the nuclei of testicular cells also increased, accompanied by activation of the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway. Moreover, nuclear factor-κB was inhibited, and the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway was activated in mouse testes before adulthood. Overall, our findings demonstrated that oxidative stress increased with age in mouse testes before adulthood and that oxidative stress could induce apoptosis in testicular cells. However, testicular cells are still in a rapid proliferative state owing to the antioxidant protection of Nrf2. Thus, our study provided new insights into oxidative stress-mediated impairment of spermatogenesis with age in mouse testes before adulthood and evidence for the protective role of Nrf2 in male fertility. • Oxidative stress increased with age in mouse testis before adulthood. • Oxidative stress can induce apoptosis of mouse testicular cells before adulthood. • Nrf2 has a protective effect in testis before mouse adulthood. • The protection of Nrf2 makes testicular cells in a proliferative state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The removal of F− from aqueous solution using lanthanum and cerium modified mesoporous alumina (La/MA and Ce/MA) was studied, and characteration of the adsorbents by XRD, BET, XRF, FTIR, TEM, XPS and the pH ZPC measurements were carried out. The adsorption was investigated in both batch and column adsorption systems. Batch experimental results showed that adsorption capacities of adsorbents were recorded in the following order: La/MA > Ce/MA > mesoporous alumina (MA). Besides, adsorption datas were fitted well by Sips isotherm model and Elovich kinetics model, and the maximum adsorption capacity of La/MA was 26.45 mg·g−1 in Sips model at the dosage of 2.0 g·L−1 and near neutral condition (pH = 6.0 ± 0.1). Moreover, thermodynamic parameters were illustrated that adsorption process of fluoride ion over La/MA was spontaneous and endothermic. In the adsorption process, the interaction between metal and fluoride, the adsorption capacity was increased due to form the bond of M···F (M = La or Ce). Furthermore, the influence of coexisted anions on F− removal was investigated, and it was indicated that removal efficiency was slightly affected by the presence of Cl− and NO 3 −, while SO 4 2− and CO 3 2– caused a sharp fall in removal efficiency. Column experiments results were indicated that time of break-through of La/MA was twice as much as that of MA. Unlabelled Image • Rare earth (La and Ce) modified alumina were used as effective adsorbents for removing fluoride. • Adsorption mechanisms were illustrated according to various characterizations. • The effects of Cl−, NO3−, SO 4 2− and CO 3 2– on F− removal were investigated. • The adsorption capacity of La modified alumina was about three times that of alumina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of the molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2)/levofloxacin (LVF) co-exposure was explored on Phragmites communis and rhizosphere soil bacterial communities. The sequence of MoS 2 /LVF exposure and the different MoS 2 dosages (10 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) contributed to different degrees of effect on the plant after 42 days of exposure. The treatment with priority addition of low dosage MoS 2 significantly ameliorated P. communis growth, with root length growing up to 532.22 ± 46.29 cm compared to the sole LVF stress (200.04 ± 29.13 cm). Besides, MoS 2 served as an alleviator and reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in P. communis under LVF stress, and activated bacteria in rhizosphere soil. These rhizosphere soil microbes assisted in mitigating toxic pollution in the soil and inducing plant resistance to external stress, such as bacteria genera Bacillus , Microbacterium , Flavihumibacter and altererythrobacter. Potential functional profiling of bacterial community indicated the addition of MoS 2 contributed to relieve the reduction in functional genes associated with amino acid metabolism and the debilitation of gram_negative and aerobic phenotypic traits caused by LVF stress. This finding reveals the effect of different exposure sequences of MoS 2 nanoparticles and antibiotic for plant-soil systems. [Display omitted] • Different exposure sequences of molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2)/levofloxacin (LVF) lead to different effects for Phragmites communis. • MoS 2 addition ameliorated the biomass and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation of plant under LVF stress. • The low-dosage MoS 2 priority exposure model was found to have protective effect on plant. • MoS 2 could induce plant to resist to stress by changing rhizosphere soil bacterial community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Quantitative guidance for graph-structured data preprocessing is proposed. • Deep learning structure based on ARMAGCN and GRU considering the interactions among multisensor signals with a graph structure is developed. • Physics-informed loss function is proposed to train neural networks, specifically for RUL estimation. • Risk eliminations and high accuracy parallelled for data-driven method in RUL estimation. Data-driven models, especially deep learning models, are proposed for remaining useful life (RUL) estimation with multisensor signals. Various treatments to reduce data sensitivity, addressing the difficulty of learning dynamic topologies, and coping with the lack of engineering physics guidance for model training limit the performance of these models and their use. This study proposes a systematic method to estimate RUL with multisensory data under dynamic operating conditions and multiple failure modes. Firstly, ARMA regression is introduced into the graph convolutional network(GCN) model. This allows the information loss in the GCN model following training to be lifted with low computational complexity. Secondly, the physics equations of balancing for economy and security in preventive maintenance policies is introduced in the loss function for training. This involves in a way to impose a higher penalty on delayed predictions, so to focus the neural network training on the control of high-risk situations. Finally, the method is validated on the popular C-MAPSS dataset. Compared with other cutting-edge methods, the proposed method can ensure high-fitting accuracy with strong security. In practice, the controllability and flexibility of deep learning models are enhanced, ensuring the reduction of high-risk, uncertain situations while sacrificing as little accuracy as possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims Proteomic analysis of serum biomarkers to determine liver toxicity after exposure to cosmic radiation has not been performed previously. This study was to identify serum biomarkers associated with hepatotoxicity following exposure to iron ion radiation. Main methods Male mice were whole-body irradiated with a 2 grayunit (Gy) iron ion beam, and after 3 months, serum and liver samples were collected. Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) was used to separate the identified serum proteins, and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-TOF) was performed to identify differentially expressed proteins. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and immunoblotting were applied to evaluate protein expression, and immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were used to investigate protein localization. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to confirm altered gene expression. Key findings A total of 11 spots that showed differential expression were screened and identified as seven proteins. Of these, six proteins were in the same bioinformatics network and included complement component 3, serum amyloid P-component, apolipoprotein E, alpha-2-macroglobulin, fibrinogen alpha chain, and fibrinogen gamma chain. All of these proteins are synthesized by the liver, and may play an important role in liver toxicity. We also confirmed the mRNA transcription, and found that mRNA expression of the six identified proteins increased in the liver in irradiated mice. Significance These results suggest that these proteins may be potential biomarkers of hepatotoxicity in astronauts enduring long space missions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The toxicological mechanism of low sperm motility induced by iron ion radiation (IIR) was investigated in mice. Reproductive organ indices were measured following whole-body irradiation with a 2 Gy iron ion beam. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, immunoblotting and immunofluorescence were used to analyze protein expression, and real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to confirm altered gene expression. Reproductive organ indices and sperm motility were lowest 2 weeks after IIR. Sperm function changes via testis and cauda epididymis function were also determined at this time point. Sixteen differentially expressed proteins were identified in sperm 2 weeks after IIR. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that alpha-enolase (Eno1) may be important in the regulation of glycolysis in sperm, and Eno1 expression was correlated with sperm motility. Eno1 may be a potential marker for low sperm motility induced by IIR, and these results may provide a useful reference for changes in astronaut fertility during long space missions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are almost the only place where plastic fragments are artificially removed, resulting in mass accumulation of nanoplastics (NPs). In this research, four different concentrations (0 mg/L, 0.1 mg/L, 1 mg/L, 10 mg/L) of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) were used to investigate the cell damage and nitrogen inhibition of activated sludge, exposed in a self-assembled SBR reactor for 30 days. Intracellular reactive oxides (ROS) and extracellular lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) increased with the rise of exposure concentration, and morphological analysis disclosed the creases, collapse, and even rupture of cell membranes. However, exposure damage (PS-NPs ≤ 1 mg/L) appeared to be reversible, attributed to that extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secretion can thicken the three protective layers outside the membrane. PS-NPs did not disrupt the EPS chemical structure, but increased humic acid content. Prolonged exposure time (from 15 to 30 days) was directly related to the nitrogen inhibition. Due to the habitat changes under PS-NPs exposure, abundance and diversity of microorganisms in the original activated sludge decreased significantly, and the dominant phylum was occupied by Patescibacteria (PS-NPs = 10 mg/L). Changes in enzyme activities of AMO, NR, NIR, and NOR with exposure concentration may explain the conversion of nitrogen in SBR. This research broadens our horizons to understand the response mechanism of activated sludge bacteria to PS-NPs exposure individually and collectively. [Display omitted] • Polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) cause harm to microbes and their communities. • LDH release and ROS aggregation show PS-NPs can disrupt cell membranes. • Microbes resist PS-NPs through variation in content and composition of EPS. • Patescibacteria increase and Proteobacteria decrease inhibit nitrogen removal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work presents a novel model of emergency medical logistics for quick response to public health emergencies. The proposed methodology consists of two recursive mechanisms: (1) the time-varying forecasting of medical relief demand and (2) relief distribution. The medical demand associated with each epidemic area is forecast according to a modified susceptible-exposed-infected-recovered model. A linear programming approach is then applied to facilitate distribution decision-making. The physical and psychological fragility of affected people are discussed. Numerical studies are conducted. Results show that the consideration of survivor psychology significantly reduces the psychological fragility of affected people, but it barely influences physical fragility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The widespread presence and persistence of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in wastewater treatment plants, as well as its toxicity and bioaccumulation potential, necessitates the investigation on their impact on bioreactor performance. A 48-day exposure test was adopted to study the effects of low (10 μg L-1) and high (1000 μg L-1) PFOS concentrations in a sequencing batch reactor on the performance, composition, and microbial community of activated sludge. The results suggested that adding PFOS at low and high concentrations lowered the removal efficiency of total nitrogen by 22.48% (p < 0.01) and 16.30% (p < 0.01) respectively, while enhanced that of total phosphorus by 1.87% (p > 0.05) and 7.07% (p < 0.05) respectively, compared with the control group. The addition of PFOS also led to the deterioration of activated sludge dewatering performance. Composition and spectroscopic measurements revealed that the PFOS dosage changed the composition of the activated sludge. Furthermore, the PFOS altered the structure and function of the activated sludge microbial community as well as key enzyme activities. [Display omitted] • Long-term exposure of PFOS improved the P-removal rate of sludge. • N-removal and dewatering capacity of sludge deteriorated due to the PFOS. • PFOS led to changes in the composition of EPS in activated sludge. • Structural and functional differentiation of the microbial community due to PFOS. • The effect of PFOS on the enzymes related to N- and P- removal was differentiated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Proteomics of pubertal mice testes after carbon ion radiation were examined. [•] Differential proteins in 2-DE gels were investigated 14 days after irradiation. [•] Eight proteins were identified among the differentially expressed protein spots. [•] The relationship between mRNA and the abundance of proteins were confirmed. [•] These proteins may lead to new insights into the information of CIR toxicity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

To enhance the ability of α-Si 3 N 4 /O′-Sialon coating on porous Si 3 N 4 ceramics for resisting the damage caused by aerodynamic loading and heating, h-BN nanosheets (BNNSs) were used as reinforcement phase to improve mechanical and thermal properties of the coating. The results show that the prepared coating exhibited good softening and toughening effects due to the mechanisms of the BNNSs including bridging, kinking, slipping and crack deflection, thereby improving the damage tolerance and toughness of the coating. At the same time, the thermal diffusivity and conductivity of the coating were significantly improved due to the ultra-high thermal conductivity of BNNSs, which can quickly disperse heat during thermal cycling and greatly reduce thermal stress. Therefore, as-prepared coating showed a good thermal shock resistance. After thermal cycling for 15 times at ΔT=1100 °C, the water absorption of coated samples only increased to 14.4%, and the residual strength ratio reached to 73%. The results will be a solid foundation for the practical application of the coating in the long-term extreme environment of aerospace engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the impact of three unsaturated fatty acids (Oleic acid: OA, Eicosapentaenoic acid: EPA, Docosahexaenoic acid: DHA) on the oxidation and structure of rainbow trout myofibrillar protein (MP) was explored. The findings revealed a notable increase in carbonyl content (P < 0.05) and a significant decrease in total sulfhydryl content (P < 0.05) of MP with the concentration increase of the three unsaturated fatty acids. Endogenous fluorescence spectroscopy and surface hydrophobicity analyses showed that unsaturated fatty acids can cause unfolding and exposure of hydrophobic groups in MP. In addition, SDS-PAGE showed that disulfide bonds were associated with MP cross-linking and aggregate size induced by unsaturated fatty acids. Overall, three unsaturated fatty acid treatments facilitated the oxidation of myofibrillar proteins, and the extent of protein oxidation was closely associated with the concentration of unsaturated fatty acids. • The relationship between MP oxidation and fatty acids in rainbow trout was revealed. • Degree of protein oxidation is dependent on the concentration of unsaturated fatty acids. • Unsaturated fatty acids induced oxidation also causes structural changes in proteins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While some reports show that the existing real-life medical resources allocations during epidemic outbreaks are myopic, some experts claim that medical resources allocations based on foresighted future allocations might enable a better balance of supply and demand. To investigate this claim, we develop a foresighted medical resources allocation model to help governments manage large-scale epidemic outbreaks. We formulate a demand forecasting model with a general demand forecasting function based on the last-period demands, extra demand caused by the last-period unfulfilled demand, and uncertain demand. In the foresighted allocation model, the government decides the current-period allocation based on the foresighted demand, which considers the last-period area demand and uncertain demand from the current period to the end of a planning horizon, using a stochastic dynamic program. We find that the optimal allocation is a function of the allocation capacity in each period. The optimal foresighted allocation is always higher than the optimal static (one-period) allocation and decreases with allocation capacity. When the allocation capacity is sufficiently large, the foresighted demand is close to the static demand. Besides, if the cost of oversupply is close to zero, the optimal allocations for both the foresighted allocation and one-period models are the allocation capacity. Our results provide useful managerial implications for a government contemplating medical resources allocation in response to an epidemic outbreak. • Based on real practice in Hubei Province, China, during the COVID-19 outbreak. • Investigate foresighted medical resources allocation and static (myopic) allocation. • Develop and solve a stochastic dynamic program for the foresighted allocation. • Compare the two allocations and investigate conditions that they perform the same. • Provide useful managerial implications for medical resources allocation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy consumption forecasting is essential for energy system integration and management. However, existing studies mainly focus on temporal features of energy consumption, which neglects the spatial correlation of variables with time information. Capturing the spatio-temporal relationships helps to improve forecasting accuracy and further promote energy dispatch. To tackle this problem, an explainable Convolutional Neural Network-Long Short Term Memory forecasting model is employed to effectively predict the total energy consumption by capturing the spatial and temporal features of multivariate time series. In the model, the autoencoder is used to achieve the nonlinear dimensionality reduction and transfer the data to a low-dimensional space. Furthermore, a Convolutional Neural Network is used to extract more effective features from the decoded data, and long short-term memory is employed to identify the temporal dependencies between extracted features and total energy consumption. Shapley additive explanation is introduced to interpret the outputs of the black-box model. The superior performance of the proposed method with high accuracy and good adaptability is verified by the comparisons with conventional forecasting models. This method provides an insight into the regional energy consumption analyzing contributions of weather variables to energy consumption, which helps administers in understanding regional energy performance for enhancing energy efficiency. • Deep learning techniques are utilized for multivariate time series forecasting. • Deep neural network for spatio-temporal forecasting is proposed. • Shapley additive explanations is introduced to interpret the black-box model. • The superior performance and high-stability of the proposed method were proved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A gain-switched 3 μm dysprosium-doped fluoride fiber laser pumped by a 1706.5 nm pulsed thulium-doped fiber master oscillator power amplifier was proposed. To the best of our knowledge, we demonstrated a gain-switched 3 μm dysprosium-doped fluoride fiber laser pumped by a 1706.5 nm pulsed thulium-doped fiber master oscillator power amplifier for the first time. The maximum average power of the 3 μm pulsed laser was 50 mW with a slope efficiency of 12.3%, a repetition rate of 100 kHz, and a pulse width of 283 ns. This work exhibits the potential of 1.7 μm pulse pumped dysprosium-doped fluoride fiber laser as a platform for developing pulsed sources in the 3 μm region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SiC/SiC composites are the ideal candidates for hot-end components in aerospace and other high-tech fields. In recent years, as one type of material with simple structures, mini-composites have been widely used to study or initially verify the properties of ceramic matrix composites (CMC). Nevertheless, attentions were rarely paid on the influence of strain rate on the mechanical properties of mini-composites. In this study, based on mini-SiC/SiC composites, we investigated the effect of the strain rate on their tensile strength, initial tensile modulus, Weibull modulus, and fracture work. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms were discussed and the exact constitutive model of the as-prepared mini-SiC/SiC composites was constructed according to the Michaelis-Menten and generalized linear models. This work can fill the gaps in the CMC research in some degree and provide a preliminary theoretical basis for the formulation of tensile properties test standards of mini-composites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Light exposure enhances the performance for mesophilic digestion of sludge. • Light exposure significantly promotes electrical conductivity of biomass. • The component of TB-EPS is more affected than those of LB-EPS in light conditions. • Light exposure alters the combination of DIET microbes on the carbon felt. • Higher EEC of EPS is conducive to DIET process under light conditions. Light as an environmental factor can affect the process of anaerobic digestion, but there is no systematic study in municipal wastewater sludge mesophilic digestion. In this study, the effects of light on the performance of the anaerobic digestion system and photo-anaerobic microbiota (PAM) were evaluated in lighted anaerobic batch digesters (LABRs). The methane yield from the reactor under the dark condition (LABR0) was 179.2 mL CH 4 /g COD, which was lower than 305.4 mL CH 4 /g COD and 223.0 mL CH 4 /g COD (n = 3, p < 0.05) from reactors under the light intensity of 3600 lm (LABR1) and 7200 lm (LABR2), respectively. The dominant genera in the bacterial and archaeal communities were Bacillus and Methanosarcina under light conditions, Enterococcus and Methanobacterium under dark conditions. And these two bacteria acted as electroactive bacterial genera, indicating that light changes the combination of direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) microbial partners and activates the DIET pathway for methane production. The electron conduction pathways analysis further suggests that biological DIET (bDIET) between microbial biomass, rather than DIET via conductive material (cDIET) between microbes and conductive materials, is promoted and behaves as the dominant factor enhancing methane production under light conditions. The morphology of microorganisms and the amount and properties of EPS corroborate these views. Our findings are guided to anaerobic digester constructions under the outdoor environment with light exposure. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] We examined the proteomic changes for testes of mice after carbon ion radiation. [•] A two-dimensional gel electrophoresis approach was employed to investigate. [•] Nine proteins were identified among the 11 differentially expressed protein spots. [•] These proteins are involved in multiple function and pathways after irradiation. [•] Expression of Pin 1 protein was analyzed, because it was related to cell cycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enone dyes have gained considerable interest in photoinitiation systems due to their facile synthesis, good light absorption, and photobleaching ability during photopolymerization. However, besides acting as photoinitiator, little work was dedicated to developing new function for enone dyes in polymer synthesis by photopolymerization. In this work, a bis-acrylate functionalized enone derivative (C3POAC) was synthesized and characterized, which is expected to serve not only as a photoinitiator but also as a crosslinker. Steady state photolysis was carried out to show the high photochemical reactivity of C3POAC with an amine co-initiator. The initiation efficiency of C3POAC towards different acrylate monomers was evaluated by real-time FTIR technology. In most cases, good polymerization profiles were obtained. In addition, C3POAC presented the dual role of photoinitiator and crosslinker in the photopolymerization of butyl acrylate. [Display omitted] • A photoinitiator (C3POAC) bearing two acrylate group was synthesized and characterized. • C3POAC/co-initiator could initiate the photopolymerization of acrylate monomer. • C3POAC presented excellent photoinitiation efficiency under 365/405/460 nm LED lamp. • Organogel can be prepared by using C3POAC as photoinitiator and crosslinker. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]