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Highlights: [•] Chronic oral administration of Cd2+ reduced the body weight, food intake and plasma level of leptin in rats. [•] Plasma lysophosphatidic acid level was reduced, but plasma sphingosine-1-phosphate level was elevated after Cd2+-exposure. [•] Lysophosphatidic acid and sphingosine-1-phosphate protected rat renal fibroblastic and epithelial cells from Cd2+-toxicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims Food products and diet pills containing aristolochic acid (AA) are responsible for a rapid progression of nephropathy associated with reduced body weight in human beings. In this study, we investigated the relationship of dietary NaCl and lysophospholipid (LPL) plasma levels to body weight gain in AA-treated rats. Main methods Male rats receiving a salt-deficient chow, normal salt chow or high salt chow were injected intraperitoneally daily with AA for 15 days. Body weight, visceral fat mass, food intake, levels of LPL in plasma and its synthesized enzyme were investigated. Key findings Body weight gain, visceral fat mass and daily food intake were smaller in AA-treated rats than those of control rats, regardless of dietary salt concentration. AA treatment decreased plasma levels of major lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) molecular species in rats fed the normal or high-salt chow but not the salt-deficient chow, whereas both the plasma lysophospholipase D activity and kidney mRNA level of autotaxin of AA-treated rats fed chow with defined salt concentrations were lower than those of control rats. Plasma levels of major molecular species of lysophosphatidylglycerol (LPG) in AA-treated rat groups fed chow with defined salt concentrations were lower than those of control rats. Significance Plasma levels of LPG and LPA seem to be relevant to the reduced body weight gain and fat mass due to AA treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]