Search

We aimed to identify factors predictive of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes in patients with placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) parameters. Fifty-six normal singleton pregnancies at 33–39 weeks of gestation underwent MRI examination at 1.5 T. The IVIM parameters were obtained from the placenta. The correlation between the f value and postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and between the f value and transfused units of red blood cells (RBCs) was estimated by linear regression. The correlation between various influencing factors (clinical risk factors, MRI features, and IVIM parameters) and poor outcomes was investigated using univariate and multivariate analyses. The interobserver agreement ranged from fair to excellent (k = 0.30–0.88). Multivariate analyses showed that previous cesarean sections, low signal intensity bands on T2WI and the D value were independent risk factors for adverse outcomes. The combination of three risk factors demonstrated the highest AUC of 0.903, with a sensitivity and specificity of 73.10 % and 96.90 %, respectively. Last, f was positively correlated with PPH and units of RBCs transfused. Preoperative MRI features and IVIM parameters may be used to predict poor outcomes in patients with invasive placental disorders like PAS. • Prognosis in PAS patients links to clinical risks, MRI signs and IVIM parameters. • Prior C -sections, T2 dark bands and D value were independent factors. • Combining D value improved poor outcome prediction. • f correlated with postpartum hemorrhage and transfused RBC units. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous research has shown that T-2 toxin can damage cartilage, resulting in a disease phenotype similar to osteoarthritis. The precise molecular mechanism by which T-2 toxin causes chondrocyte injury, however, is unknown. The purpose of this study was to look into the role of YAP in T-2 toxin-induced rat chondrocyte injury. Based on research results, T-2 toxin decreased the levels of collagen II and PCNA while increasing the expression of matrix metalloproteinase MMP13. These findings supported the T-2 toxin's detrimental effect on chondrocytes. YAP's role in T-2 toxin-induced chondrocyte injury was also investigated. Total YAP and related nuclear proteins were found to decrease as the concentration of T-2 toxin increased. While PYAP expression was not significantly altered in response to T-2 toxin, the PYAP/YAP ratio decreased as the T-2 toxin concentration increased, implying that the HIPPO signaling pathway was activated. Furthermore, the YAP-specific inhibitor Verteporfin was used to investigate the role of YAP in T-2 toxin-induced chondrocyte injury. YAP inhibition increased MMP13 expression while decreasing COL2 and PCNA levels. In summary, the current study found that T-2 toxin decreased the levels of COL2 and PCNA while increasing the expression of MMP13 in chondrocytes after inhibiting YAP, providing a new insight into the mechanism of T-2 toxin-induced cartilage damage. Schematic diagram for the molecular mechanism of YAP in T-2 toxin-induced chondrocyte injury. T-2 toxin phosphorylates YAP in the cytoplasm and inhibits the entry of YAP into the nucleus for binding to transcription factors, resulting in the upregulation of MMP13, the downregulation of Collagen II, the reduction of PCNA, and ultimately chondrocyte damage. [Display omitted] • Yes-related protein is the most critical effector of HIPPO signaling pathway to regulate proliferation and apoptosis. • Nuclear expression of Yes-related proteins was decreased when chondrocytes were treated with T-2 toxin. • T-2 toxin stimulates the expression of MMP 13 and degradation of collagen type II through Yes-related protein. • T-2 toxin inhibits chondrocyte proliferation, perhaps by suppressing the expression of Yes-related protein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heated necrosis element of tissues is the basis for treating tumor by high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), so study on the relationship between the HIFU exposure dose and the heated necrosis element of tissues is of great significance for both HIFU clinical applications and basic research. Using Pennes and Rayleigh formulae the relationship between the exposure dose of an annular focused transducer and the heated necrosis element (i. e. biological focused region) in a bovine liver in vitro at a depth of 2 cm is simulated in an exposure dose range with radiation sound intensity of 7000 -25400 W/cm² and exposure time of 0∼20 s. The theoretical results appear to be in quite good agreement with the experimental ones. It is shown that on the basis of existing theories the heated necrosis element produced by HIFU exposure can be predicted. The deviation of the theory from the experiments under higher exposure dose has also been discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]