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A novel compact folded antenna for 4G and 5G application in handheld devices such as mobile phones is proposed in this paper. The radiator comprises of meandered monopole, dual L-Shaped monopole, square radiator, asymmetric U-Shaped monopole, Closed Loop resonator, F-Shaped stub for providing the desired operating bands. The size reduction is achieved using folding technique. The antenna can be easily folded and integrated at the top right corner within the metal casing of the devices. Folded structure with the foot print of 50 × 6 mm2 covers multiband operation such as LTE700 / GSM850 / 900 / LTE 2300 / WLAN 2400 / LTE 2500 / Wi-MAX 3500 / Wi-Fi 5200/5800 MHz corresponds to 2G/3G/4G/5G services. To provide high data rate and throughput, MIMO concept is exploited with the folded radiators at the top left and right corners of the printed circuit board. The realized gain and radiation efficiency of the proposed antenna are 2.45/4.12/4.54/5.03/6.58 dBi and 82/85/87/89/90% respectively at the design frequencies 0.7/2.3/2.5/3.5/5.8 GHz. The SAR values of the folded antenna is computed and found to be less than 1.6 W/Kg. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A low profile frequency reconfigurable antenna for WBAN applications is reported. The presented antenna design utilizes switching characteristics of PIN diode to achieve frequency reconfigurability. The dimension of the proposed antenna is 0.136 λ 0 × 0.131 λ 0 × 0.001 λ 0. The modified loop-shaped resonator, U shaped stub, and Mirrored F shaped strip provides an independent resonance for three distinct frequency bands. The application bands selected are 1.575 GHz (Global Positioning System), 2.45 GHz (Industrial, Scientific and Medical bands), and 5.2 GHz (Industrial, Scientific and Medical bands/Wireless Fidelity). The percentage bandwidth obtained is 3.17/1.83/2.69% at the said operating frequencies respectively. The simulated gain and total efficiencies are 3.26/3.47/4.04 dBi and 82/85/88% respectively. The directional radiation pattern obtained is highly suitable for off-body communication. The SAR is simulated to validate its suitability for wearable applications. The performance metrics of the fabricated prototype antenna is validated using Measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract In this paper, flexible, low profile and robust planar monopole antennas are designed and analyzed for its performance over conformal surfaces, intended for Ultra-Wideband (UWB) and Body Centric Wireless Communications (BCWC). By the aid of alike shape (modified rectangular shaped) radiator and truncated ground plane, two compact microstrip fed antennas are designed and fabricated on flexible substrates – Polyamide and Teslin (environmentally friendly, flexible and green-electronics). The proposed polyamide antenna with a size of 50 mm × 40 mm × 0.8 mm, radiates over frequency range from 1.8 to 13.3 GHz and teslin antenna with a dimension of 50 mm × 40 mm × 0.712 mm, covers the frequency range from 1.4 to 13.4 GHz. To validate the designed prototypes, the antennas are fabricated and the impact performance are analyzed, while flexing the antenna from its nominal straight arrangement (bending through its length, width, different bending radius and angles). Further, time domain analysis is carried out in free space and in various bent scenarios with pulse excitation to validate the antennas for UWB applications. The transmission coefficient characteristics (S21) and group delay for various bending conditions are measured and the fidelity factor for all the scenarios are greater than 0.82, which make the antennas good candidate for UWB-BCWC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]