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Background: Youth may use a variety of tobacco products and e-cigarettes. However, there is a lack of evidence for the combinations of tobacco products and e-cigarettes commonly used by youth in Canada and whether youth from different usage classes share similar characteristics.Methods: A cohort of 9th grade students from Ontario, Canada was identified at baseline (2013-14) of the COMPASS study (n = 4651). Classes of youth that currently use similar combinations of tobacco products and e-cigarettes were identified at baseline, one (FY1) and two years later (FY2) using latent class analysis. Multinomial logistic regression models identified demographic and behavioural characteristics (e.g., environmental influences, substance use behaviours, etc.) of youth in current tobacco and e-cigarette use classes relative to youth in non-current use classes.Results: At baseline, a three-class model was identified as best, while a four-class model was identified at FY1 and FY2. A non-current use group and an all-product use group were identified every year. Students that reported having friends that smoked cigarettes, binge drinking, and using marijuana were more likely to be classified into a current use class.Conclusions: Tobacco cigarettes were more likely to be used with other products than on their own. An all-product use group was identified across all three survey waves and the prevalence of this group increased over time. Given that many youth in this study used more than one tobacco product or e-cigarette and commonly reported binge drinking and using marijuana, prevention and cessation activities should address the use of multiple products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The combination of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) device and liquid characteristics affect user nicotine and toxicant exposure, however population-level national survey studies have not reported device and liquid features jointly nor in detail. We examined combinations of characteristics of devices and liquids used by adult ENDS users.Methods: U.S. adults (21+) using ENDS at least five days/week (n = 1,179) completed an online survey in 2020 and uploaded photos of their most used device and liquid. Device/liquid combinations were analyzed to determine and describe the most common pairings. Data were weighted to the U.S. population of adult daily ENDS users.Results: Five device/liquid combinations accounted for 87 % of those reported. The most prevalent combination, reported by 36.2 %, was re-useable devices with adjustable settings and a tank refilled with a free-base nicotine liquid with a median nicotine concentration of 5.2 mg/mL. The second most frequent combination - re-usable devices with no adjustable settings and a nicotine salt liquid in a disposable pod or cartridge - was reported by 22.8 % and the median nicotine concentration was 49.4 mg/mL. Wattage, voltage and resistance varied across device/liquid combination. Overall, 66.5 % refilled their device's tank or pod and 64.2 % had the ability to manipulate device characteristics (power, airflow, and/or coil).Conclusions: Analyzing ENDS device/liquid combinations rather than each separately can allow researchers to better evaluate relationships between use and key outcomes, such as quitting cigarettes and abuse liability. Additional research may reveal whether certain combinations are more effective at helping smokers quit and which device/liquid combinations should remain on the market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]