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Highlights: [•] This is the most detailed morphological documentation of Nde1 and Ndel1 both in vivo and in vitro. [•] This is the first histological study of Nde1 expression in the healthy human cortex. [•] We demonstrate the localization of Nde1 and Ndel1 in neurogenic regions of the adult mouse brain. [•] Overexpression of Nde1 and Ndel1 leads to the fate specification changes of neural stem cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dinoflagellate Lingulodinium has a large number of daily rhythms, many of which have no biochemical correlates. We examined the possibility that changes in protein phosphorylation may mediate some of the rhythmic changes by comparing proteins prepared from midday (LD6) and midnight (LD18) cultures. We used two different methods, one a 2D gel protocol in which phosphoproteins were identified after staining with ProQ Diamond, and the other an LC-MS/MS identification of tryptic phosphopeptides that had been purified by TiO2 chromatography. Two differentially phosphorylated proteins, a light harvesting complex protein and Rad24, were identified using the 2D gel protocol. Six differentially phosphorylated proteins, a polyketide synthase, an uncharacterized transporter, a LIM (actin binding) domain and three RNA binding domain proteins, were identified using the phosphopeptide enrichment protocol. We conclude that changes in protein phosphorylation may underlie some of the rhythmic behavior of Lingulodinium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although group I and group II introns were discovered more than 25 years ago, they are still difficult to identify. Modeling their RNA structure also remains particularly challenging for organelle sequences, owing to their great diversity. In fact, accelerated evolution in organelles often results in a reduced RNA structure and a loss of autocatalytic splicing and intron mobility. We set out to identify all mitochondrial group I and II introns in published sequences, and, to this end, we developed and applied a new search approach: RNAweasel. On the basis of the results, we focus here on building a comprehensive picture of mitochondrial group I introns, including a modified (reduced) consensus RNA secondary structure and a concise phylogeny-based subclassification. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Mitochondria, the energy-producing organelles of the eukaryotic cell, are derived from an ancient endosymbiotic α-Proteobacterium. These organelles contain their own genetic system, a remnant of the endosymbiont''s genome, which encodes only a fraction of the mitochondrial proteome. The majority of mitochondrial proteins are translated from nuclear genes and are imported into mitochondria. Recent studies of phylogenetically diverse representatives of Fungi reveal that their mitochondrial DNAs are among the most highly derived, encoding only a limited set of genes. Much of the reduction in the coding content of the mitochondrial genome probably occurred early in fungal evolution. Nevertheless, genome reduction is an ongoing process. Fungi in the chytridiomycete order Neocallimastigales and in the pathogenic Microsporidia have taken mitochondrial reduction to the extreme and have permanently lost a mitochondrial genome. These organisms have organelles derived from mitochondria that retain traces of their mitochondrial ancestry. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Transfer RNA (tRNA) is the adaptor molecule that mediates recognition of the codon sequence in mRNA and enables its translation into the appropriate amino acid. Accordingly, phylogenetic relationships among tRNA genes are often thought to recapitulate the evolution of the genetic code. However, it has been demonstrated experimentally that one tRNA gene can be replaced with a copy of another carrying a single mutation in its anticodon sequence. In this article, we show that such ‘gene recruitment’ has occurred recently and repeatedly in the mitochondrial genome of the demosponge Axinella corrugata and appears to be a common phenomenon in the evolution of the tRNA multigene family. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Suicidal ideation and behaviour are potential outcomes of workplace bullying. This review aimed to determine the extent of the association between workplace bullying and suicidal ideation and behaviour. The study incorporated a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement was followed to conduct a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. A combination of subject terms and free words was used to search nine electronic databases. Two reviewers independently screened articles and extracted information according to the inclusion criteria. A meta-analysis was performed with averaged weighted correlations across samples using the STATA software (version 16.0) from pooled estimates of the main results from all studies. In total, 25 articles of high or medium quality were included in the systematic review; 15 of these were included in the meta-analysis. The prevalence of suicidal ideation and behaviour was 18% and 4%, respectively. Individuals who experienced workplace bullying had 2.03-times and 2.67-times higher odds of reporting suicidal ideation and behaviour, respectively, after adjustment for confounding factors. Moderating and mediating factors may help reduce the risk of suicidal ideation and behaviour for individuals experiencing workplace bullying. This study indicated that exposure to workplace bullying significantly increased the risk of suicidal ideation and behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

HRG-beta1 stimulation of breast cancer cell line SKBR3 resulted in not only increased cell migration and invasion, upregulation of some mesenchymal markers, and downregulation of epithelial marker, but also upregulation of transcription factor Snail and its nuclear translocation. Similar results were acquired for cells transfected with Snail cDNA. Furthermore, downregulation of Snail by siRNA attenuated HRG-beta1 induced EMT-like phenotype. Inhibition of Akt kinase activation by a PI3K inhibitor LY294002, or exogenous expression of a kinase-dead mutant of Akt abrogated the increase of Snail expression induced by HRG-beta1. Conversely, expression of a constitutively active Akt resulted in increase of Snail expression. These results indicated that Snail upregulation by HRG-beta1 is mediated via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and that Snail plays a key role in HRG-beta1 induced breast cancer cell metastasis through induction of EMT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]