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In the United States, nutrition-related morbidities are rising steadily at rates corresponding to increasing overweight and obesity in the population. Such morbidities take huge tolls on personal health and impose high costs on health care systems. In 2019, the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (Academy) and the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Foundation (Academy Foundation) embarked on a new project titled "The State of Food and Nutrition Series" to demonstrate the value of nutrition interventions led by registered dietitian nutritionists for individuals with the following 3 high-priority non-communicable diseases that affect many in the United States and globally: type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, and hypertension. Poor nutritional status contributes to disease onset and progression in these non-communicable diseases, and appropriate medical nutrition therapy can prevent or delay worsening and ameliorate poor health outcomes. However, many people who have these conditions do not have access to an registered dietitian nutritionist, and consequently do not receive the nutrition care they need. On February 19-20, 2020 in Arlington, VA, as the first stage in The State of Food and Nutrition Series, the Academy and the Academy Foundation gathered health care policymakers, clinicians, and researchers from across the country for the State of Food and Nutrition Series Forum, where Academy leaders sought input to build a comprehensive research strategy that will quantify the impact of patient access to registered dietitian nutritionist–led nutrition interventions for type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, and hypertension. This article summarizes the findings of that forum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the volatility over 14 years of federal interest rates, evidence of spillovers on longer term rates, and the simple extension of a stochastic variance model separating positive and negative shocks as affecting monetary policy.

This paper evaluates the robustness of the Okun relationship based on postwar data for 16 OECD countries. While Okun's law is statistically valid for most countries, the quantitative as opposed to qualitative estimates are far from uniform. Estimates are also sensitive to the choice of models, including the first-difference and the 'gap' specifications, the relevant data for the latter are constructed alternatively from the HP filter, the Beveridge-Nelson decomposition procedure, and the Kalman filter based on the NAIRU framework. There is mixed evidence of asymmetric behavior, but strong evidence of structural breaks occurring around the 1970s, after which time most countries began to experience a smaller output loss associated with higher unemployment.

The interaction between inspection sequencing heuristics and part scheduling policies in a flexible manufacturing system were examined via simulations. The problem, which is actually an extension of the inspection location problem in a serial production system, was investigated with respect to the inspection cost rate, ratio of inspection time to machining operation time and probability of nonconformity. The results underscored the role of inspection plans on the selection of a part scheduling rule.

An analysis of the possibility of multiple trend breaks and their impact on inferences of the unit-root behavior of some post-World War II macroeconomic time series shows that eight out of the 17 series considered were found to have a breaking trend. Conditional on a one-time trend break, the no-break unit-root null for five series is rejeted in the augmented Dickey-Fuller test. Moreover, allowing an additional break does not provide additional evidence against the unit-root null hypothesis in any of the four series. Recursive tests offer stronger evidence against the null than sequential tests, while providing weaker evidence on Phillips-Peron statistics instead of augmented Dickey-Fuller data.