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Purpose: The individualized prediction of postoperative symptom severity is essential for selecting interventions after mandibular third molar (M3M) removal. The purpose of the present study was to develop and validate a nomogram for personal prediction of postoperative symptom severity.Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study was performed in the Stomatology Hospital of Tianjin Medical University. The sample was divided into training and testing data sets by time. The demographic, anatomic, radiographic, and operative variables were recorded. The self-reported postoperative symptom severity was recorded and defined as the primary outcome variable. Stepwise forward algorithms were applied to informative predictors based on Akaike's information criterion. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to develop the nomogram. An independent testing data set was used to validate the nomogram. Receiver operating characteristic curves and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test were used to assess model performance. P < .05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.Results: The sample included 321 subjects who had undergone M3M removal. An independent validation data set included 103 consecutive patients. The median operation time was 15.0 minutes (interquartile range, 8.3 to 21.6 minutes) in the training data set (n = 218). Patients with serious postoperative symptoms accounted for 48.6 and 47.6% of the training and testing data sets, respectively. Gender, age, smoking status, operation time, Pell-Gregory ramus classification, and preoperative symptoms were identified as predictors and assembled into the nomogram. The area under curve demonstrated adequate discrimination in the validation data set (0.69; 95% confidence interval, 0.59 to 0.80). The nomogram was well calibrated, with a Hosmer-Lemeshow χ2 statistic of 6.33 (P = .78) in the testing data set. The confusion matrix was also summarized, and the accuracy was 63.3 and 65.1% in the training and testing data set, respectively.Conclusions: The present study has proposed an effective nomogram with potential application in facilitating the individualized prediction of postoperative symptom severity after M3M removal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As-annealed commercial pure titanium was selected as a model material with hexagonal close-packed (hcp) crystalline structure. Dislocation boundaries with different spacing values were prepared by cold rolling at various reductions. The influence mechanism of the initial dislocation boundaries on the adiabatic shear sensitivity of commercial pure titanium was investigated from two aspects: related dynamic mechanical response and dislocation boundary configuration. The geometrically necessary dislocation boundaries (GNBs) with spacing values of 550 nm, 340 nm and 107 nm were induced by cold rolling. The narrower the spacing of the GNBs was, the more sensitive the adiabatic shearing behavior was, which was attributed to the shear stress and adiabatic temperature rise. A narrow spacing of GNBs shortened the mean free path of dislocation slipping; as a result, the deformed resistance and accumulated plastic deformation work became larger. Therefore, the adiabatic temperature rise that was converted from plastic deformation work increased, thereby strengthening the material's adiabatic shear sensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The deformation twins of commercial pure titanium were investigated under the split Hopkinson pressure bar compression with different strain rates. It was demonstrated that the types of twins induced by high-speed compression included 11 2 ¯ 2 , 11 2 ¯ 4 contraction twins and 10 1 ¯ 2 , 11 2 ¯ 1 extension twins. Furthermore, the quantities of the deformation twins at the high strain rates were more pronounced than those at the low to medium speed deformation. The content of 11 2 ¯ 2 twin increased with the strain rate, while 11 2 ¯ 1 twin's quantity decreased slightly with the increasing strain rate. The semi-quantitative relationship between twin density and strain rates was derived and discussed, which indicated that twin density was nonlinearly proportional to the strain rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The microstructure and micro-orientation evolution of a novel high-temperature titanium alloy were characterized during a two-step deformation process. In the first step, the specimens were deformed at temperatures of 800, 850, 900 and 950 °C, and subsequently deformed in the same β-phase region of 1050 °C. The specimens pre-strained at 800 °C and 950 °C were fully recrystallized during the β-phase deformation process. By contrast, the specimens pre-strained at 850 and 900 °C were not fully recrystallized during the β-phase deformation process. This indicates that the extent of dynamic recrystallization did not increased monotonically with the pre-strain temperature. The extent of dynamic recrystallization was related to the stored energy accumulated in the α and β-phase during the pre-strain deformation. The change in stored energy was based on the difference in microstructure morphology produced by different pre-deformation temperatures,and stored energy was quantitatively estimated based on the local misorientation distribution. Meanwhile, the generation of dynamically recrystallized grains was beneficial to decreasing the generation possibility of the macro-zone. This decrease was attributed to the refinement of β-grains and randomly distributed orientation, which was also related to the decrease in the typically distributed "two parallel wings" orientation between the α and β phase induced by uncrystallized deformation. Additionally, the two-step deformation process with the pre-strain at the (α + β) middle regime was an effective strategy to promote the dynamic recrystallization and decrease the generation probability of the macro-zone. • A deformation process to promote the dynamic recrystallization of parent β phase. • The extent of recrystallization was not linearly related to pre-strain temperature. • The pre-strain was a strategy to decrease the generation possibility of macro-zone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) is the most promising bio-based monomer to partially replace the petroleum-based monomer terephthalic acid (TPA). The route of oxidation of HMF to FDCA has attracted extensive attention from researchers as one of the most potential routes. The complexes with noble metal centers show relatively high catalytic activity, but the high cost and poor stability of noble metal catalysts are undoubtedly an obstacle to the large-scale industrial application. Therefore, the development of high-efficiency and low-cost non-noble metal-based catalysts is particularly urgent. At present, a variety of Co, Mn, Cu, and Fe-based catalysts have made great progress in the selective oxidation of HMF to FDCA. Herein, this review focuses on base metal catalysts for selective oxidation of HMF to FDCA including oxidation mechanism and single, binary and ternary base metals catalyst, and the future trends for green 2,5-FDCA synthesis are prospected. [Display omitted] • The base metal catalyzed oxidation HMF to FDCA. • Reaction mechanism of HMF to FDCA by base metal catalysts. • Different kind of single, binary and ternary base metal catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Selective laser melting (SLM) process belongs to a layer-by-layer additive manufacturing technology, which has different temperature gradients, cooling rates, and reheating treatment in different regions due to the variation of the thermal histories for different layers during SLM process. This work aims to study the microstructural homogeneity evolution of β phases, such as size, morphology, distribution, crystallographic orientation, and phase composition in different regions of the SLM Ti-6Zr-5Fe near β titanium alloy. The results indicate that the microstructure in different regions of SLM Ti-6Zr-5Fe alloy sample is quite different. The β phase in the bottom area had the smallest size about 7.25 μm, the β phase in the side-top area had the largest size about 20.56 μm. The β phase in the side-middle and middle part had a lower aspect ratio of 1.52 and 1.59, the β phase in the side-bottom and top part had a larger aspect ratio of 1.93 and 1.92. Most of the β phase in the side-bottom and top part had the 〈001〉 crystal orientation towards build direction and laser moving direction, the texture type in other regions was random. The α phase in the top of the SLM Ti-6Zr-5Fe sample had a smaller size than that in the middle and bottom of the sample. Meanwhile, the microhardness in the top of SLM Ti-6Zr-5Fe sample was higher than that in the middle and bottom of the sample. The temperature gradients, cooling rates, and reheating treatment play different leading roles in different regions of the SLM Ti-6Zr-5Fe alloy sample. • β phase size, morphology, crystallographic orientation are not entirely the same. • α phase size in middle and bottom is larger than that in the top. • Microhardness in the top is higher than that in the middle and bottom. • Temperature gradients, cooling rates, reheating treatment play different roles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Materials with excellent nonlinear optical (NLO) properties are usually applied in optoelectronics and optical limiting devices. Photoinduced intramolecular electron transfer (PET) and energy transfer (ET) play an important role in enhanced NLO properties. Through axially connected anthraquinone to phthalocyanine, two types of novel lanthanum phthalocyanine (LaPc-Aqn and HLaPc-Aqn) were designed to effectively improve PET/ET process, and thus leading to excellent NLO properties. Hyperbranched phthalocyanines possess enhanced NLO properties owing to their special three-dimensional structures that have more donor–acceptor (D–A) systems in their cell structure than lanthanum phthalocyanines. The uniform polyphenylsulfone composite film(HLaPc-Aqn-PPSU) was prepared by a simple solution casting method according to the "like dissolves like" theory. The values of large third-order nonlinear susceptibility (Im[χ(3)) and low limit threshold (I lim) were 1.51 × 10−9 esu and 0.015 J/cm2, respectively, demonstrating that the film had great optical limiting performance. Such research can contribute to the development of novel phthalocyanine materials for nonlinear optics and optical limiting devices. Image 1 • Two anthraquinone axially substituted lanthanum phthalocyanines were successfully synthesized. • The improved nonlinearity is ascribed to the efficient photoinduced electron transfer and energy transfer effects. • Improved optical limiting behavior is observed in polyphenylsulfone films compared to solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Donor–acceptor conjugates-functionalized aluminum phthalocyanines were successfully synthesized. • Donor-acceptor structure effectively promotes the photoinduced intramolecular electron transfer process. • The improved nonlinearity is ascribed to the efficient photoinduced intramolecular electron transfer effect. Photoinduced electron transfer/energy transfer (PET/ET) plays a very important role in improving the nonlinear optical (NLO) response. AlPc-Aqn and HAlPc-Aqn with donor-acceptor (D-A) structure were prepared by grafting aluminum phthalocyanine (AlPc) and hyperbranched aluminum phthalocyanine (HAlPc) through anthraquinone axial covalent bonding. After the axial covalent connection, the formed D-A phthalocyanine materials enhance the PET/ET process between the phthalocyanine ring and the anthraquinone structure, which results in significant fluorescence quenching and effectively improves the material's NLO properties. The discrepancy of LUMO levels (ΔE) further confirms that both AlPc-Aqn and HAlPc-Aqn formed a D-A system. This effectively promotes the electron transfer between the anthraquinone and the phthalocyanine ring, performing enhanced NLO response. Furthermore, compared to AlPc-Aqn, the special three-dimensional structure of HAlPc-Aqn brings a more efficient PET/ET process and exhibits a larger nonlinear absorption coefficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) is a highly fatal disease in chickens caused by the highly pathogenic fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4), which has severe economic consequences. The fiber2 protein exhibits excellent potential as a candidate for a subunit vaccination against FAdV-4. Despite having a high safety profile, subunit vaccines have low immunogenicity due to their lack of infectivity, which leads to low levels of immune response. As a vaccine adjuvant, Salmonella flagellin possesses the potential to augment the immunological response to vaccinations. Additionally, a crucial strategy for enhancing vaccine efficacy is efficient presentation of immune antigens to dendritic cells (DC) for targeted vaccination. In this study, we designed FAdV-4-fiber2 protein, and a recombinant protein called FliBc-fiber2-SP which based on FAdV-4-fiber2 protein, was generated using the gene sequence FliBc, which retains only the conserved sequence at the amino and carboxyl termini of the flagellin B subunit, and a short peptide SPHLHTSSPWER (SP), which targets chicken bone marrow-derived DC. They were separately administered via intramuscular injection to 14-day-old specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens, and their immunogenicity was compared. At 21 d postvaccination (dpv), it was found that the FliBc-fiber2-SP recombinant protein elicited significantly higher levels of IgG antibodies and conferred a vaccine protection rate of up to 100% compared to its counterpart fiber2 protein. These results suggest that the DC-targeted peptide fusion strategy for flagellin chimeric antigen construction can effectively enhance the immune protective efficacy of antigen proteins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The non-noble metal catalyst CoNx/NC prepared by facile decomposition of ZIF-67. • CoNx/NC shows high yield 41.3 % of heptadecene for deoxygenation of stearic acid. • The heptadecene was generated via steric acid decarbonylation pathway. • The CoNx/NC catalyst can be easily recycled by magnetic separation. The development of highly efficient, low-cost supported catalysts is crucial for directly deoxygenating biomass fatty acids to long-chain olefins. However, additive-free olefin production, by dehydrative decarbonylation from fatty acids, is scarcely conducted owing to competing decarboxylation reactions. Herein, a green and cost-effective strategy is presented to improve the Co-catalyzed dehydrative decarbonylation of stearic acid, which produces a mixture of heptadecenes with yields of up to 41.3 % and a paraffin yield of 14.7 %. Experimental data, along with a detailed catalyst characterization, revealed that the surface CoN x species acted as the dominant active sites. Furthermore, the specific catalytic performance can be attributed to the dense defect sites, abundant vacancies, and mesoporous structures of the N-doped Carbon (NC) support. The as-prepared CoN x /NC catalysts were recovered and reused up to three times without significant deactivation. Additionally, we propose a possible reaction mechanism for fatty acid deoxygenation. This research makes a significant contribution toward advancing the performance of noble-metal-free deoxygenation catalysts for the production of unsaturated compounds in biomass conversions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Oxygen defect-abundant LaMnO 3 was prepared through Co doping and H 2 treatment. • R-LM 4 C-3h shows high activity for the conversion of FF into FA in ethanol. • 93.6 mol% yield of FA with excellent stability was obtained over R-LM 4 C-3h. • The oxygen defects improved the FF adsorption ability and electronic properties. As energy and CO 2 concerns have become important aspects of scientific research, researchers are focusing on the development of alternative and green energies. Biomass is a significant energy source due to its cyclic utilization process and ability to renew CO 2. The catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) of sugar-derived furfural (FF) into furfuryl alcohol (FA) has attracted increasing attention; however, designing and synthesizing efficient nonnoble catalysts remains challenging. In this work, an oxygen defect-abundant LaMnO 3 perovskite (R-LM 4 C-3h) was synthesized by combining the advantages of both Co heteroatom doping and H 2 reduction. Raman, O 2 temperature programmed desorption (O 2 -TPD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) characterizations revealed that R-LM 4 C-3h exhibited abundant oxygen defects that improved its electronic properties. As a result, adsorption ability for FF was enhanced, the reaction energy barrier was decreased, and CTH catalytic activity was promoted. A 93.6 mol% FA yield with 100 % FF conversion was achieved using ethanol as the hydrogen source. The oxygen defect-mediated catalyst also exhibited excellent stability with almost no activity reduction after 5 cycles. This surface reconstruction strategy for obtaining perovskites by fabricating abundant oxygen defects provides a superior opportunity to better explore the structure–function relationship of catalysts and develop efficient nonnoble metal-based catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Highlights • The Hg0-oxidizing microbial community was shaped by nitrification/denitrification. • Dominant genera acted as Hg0 oxidizers, nitrifiers and denitrifiers simultaneously. • Characterization of biofilm confirmed the formation of Hg2+ from mercury oxidation. • Mechanism of mercury oxidation and nitrification/denitrification was proposed. Abstract A denitrifying/nitrifying membrane biofilm reactor for simultaneous removal of Hg0 and NO was investigated. Hg0 and NO removal efficiency attained 94.5% and 86%, respectively. The mercury-oxidizing microbial community was significantly shaped by nitrification/denitrification after the supply of gaseous Hg0 and NO continuously. Dominant genera Rhodanobacter and Nitrosomonas participated in Hg0 oxidation, nitrification and denitrification simultaneously. Hg0 oxidizing bacteria (Gallionella , Rhodanobacter , Ottowia , Nitrosomonas and etc.), nitrifying bacteria (Nitrosomonas , Rhodanobacter , Diaphorobacte and etc.) and denitrifying bacteria (Nitrosomonas , Rhodanobacter , Castellaniella and etc.) co-existed in the MBfR, as shown by metagenomic sequencing. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and high performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS) confirmed the formation of a mercuric species (Hg2+) from mercury bio-oxidation. Mechanism of mercury oxidation can be described as the bacterial oxidation of Hg0 in which Hg0 serves as electron donor, NO serves as electron donor in nitrification and electron acceptor in denitrification, oxygen serves as electron acceptor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • PdCoO x /Zr-C 3 N 4 catalysts were prepared for low temperature dehydrogenation. • The alloyed Co into Pd enhanced the catalytic dehydrogenation activity. • The electronic state was tuned by the interfacial effect between the PdCoO x and supports. • PdCoO x /Zr-C 3 N 4 obtained 95.6 % complete dehydrogenation product under only 140℃. Liquid organic hydrogen carriers have attracted significant attention for hydrogen storage and transportation and have been extensively investigated. Pd-based noble metal catalysts have been reported as some of the most active catalysts, however, achieving an optimal Pd utilization efficiency and stability remains challenging but significant. Herein, a PdCoO x -based bimetallic oxide catalyst was prepared and applied for the low-temperature dehydrogenation of dodecahydro- N -ethylcarbazole (12H-NECZ) to produce H 2 , utilizing the following advantages: (1) the activity of Pd was enhanced by introducing Co to form a PdCoO x bimetallic oxide site; (2) the electronic state of the catalyst was tuned based on the interfacial effect between the PdCoO x and Zr-C 3 N 4 supports. Thus, PdCo bimetallic oxide formation improved the electronic transfer rate and the interaction between the support and PdCoO x , thereby enhancing the catalytic dehydrogenation activity. Consequently, 12H-NECZ was completely dehydrogenated with 95.6 % selectivity at 140 °C for 8 h, with only 2.63 wt% Pd loading. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electric energy is an important ingredient for the development of industrial and it also makes our lives comfortable. The electric energy from conventional generation system is mainly obtained by conversion from fossil fuels, nuclear and other non-renewable energy. In the last few decades, due to the environmental pollution and energy exhaustion, more and more researchers began to study the renewable energy (wind power, solar energy, biomass energy, etc.) generation system. However, the random features of the new energy generation system may cause system easily failure. Thus related researchers emphasize on the renewable generation system's reliability and stability problem. The aim of this paper is mainly to explore the research contents of major countries, institutions and authors in the power system reliability research based on the Web of Science dataset and related software. And this paper further studies the collaboration network and cooperative contents among them. In addition, using the analysis of the cited frequency is to find the highly influential countries, institutions and authors. Author keywords frequency analysis and co-occurrence analysis are applied to explore the current hot topics, and predict future development direction. This study provides a useful perspective for the related researchers to undertake power system reliability research in future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The annealing behavior of a modified 5083 aluminum alloy was studied in the temperature range of 125–375°C with different holding times. The results shown that the annealing temperature was more sensitive to the mechanical and corrosion resistance properties compared with the annealing holding time. The mechanical and corrosion resistance properties depend on annealing treatment due to different dislocation configuration in the matrix and the second phase interface, annealing temperature and time have been optimized for both of those properties improvement. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]