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Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4) has been well known as one of the important organic semiconductor photocatalyst. However, its low photocatalytic activity greatly hampered its application, which relates to it fast recombination of photoexcited electrons and holes. In this work, conductive thermal oxidation catalysts with good photothermal property (Sm 0.5 Sr 0.5 CoO 3 (SSC), La 0.5 Sr 0.5 CoO 3 (LSC) and La 0.5 Sr 0.5 MnO 3 (LSM)) were used to construct few-layer g-C 3 N 4 based photocatalysts with simultaneously triple-effect on inhibiting the photogenerated carriers recombination. The stacking of g-C 3 N 4 can be reduced by the thermal oxidation and the thickness of few-layer g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets is about 1.5 nm on average, which shortens the migration distance of electrons. The heat converted by the photothermal effect of SSC can accelerate the migration of photogenerated electrons. In addition, the consumption of photogenerated holes can be transferred from g-C 3 N 4 to SSC, further restraining the recombination of electron-hole pairs. The prepared few-layer g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets with 1% addition of SSC exhibit a superior hydrogen evolution rate of 16,521.4 μmol g−1 h−1, which is 13.2 times higher than that of the bulk g-C 3 N 4 at atmospheric pressure. [Display omitted] • A simultaneous triple suppression of photogenerated carriers recombination of few-layer g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets were synthesized. • The few-layer g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets with the thickness of 1.5 nm shorten the migration distance of electrons. • The thermal oxidation catalysts with photothermal property accelerates the migration of electrons. • The thermal oxidation catalysts as the cocatalyst accelerates the consumption of holes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Whether or not the carbon tax is conducive to alleviating the pressure on employment reduction in coal resource-based areas is a subject worthy of in-depth study. We take the province of Shanxi, a typical coal resource-based area in China, as an example, and use the dynamic computable general equilibrium (CGE) model to simulate the impact of carbon tax on employment under various carbon tax revenue recycling schemes. We disaggregate the employment effect into demand effect, cost effect, factor-shift effect, and investment-pull effect to analyze the transmission path of the influence of carbon tax on employment. The results show that the carbon tax is conducive to alleviating the pressures on employment reduction in coal resource-based areas. Compared with the scenario of no carbon tax revenue recycling, the pressures on employment reduction under the scenario where carbon tax is returned to residents or enterprises in different forms, are allayed. More into detail, carbon tax has the least inhibiting effect on industry employment in case that tax revenue is returned to residents in the form of transfer payment. In addition, there is a prominent difference in the transmission path through which the carbon tax promotes employment, that is, the single effect, or the combination of demand effect, cost effect, factor-shift effect, and investment-pull effect. However, the carbon tax would obstruct employment principally through the demand effect. Unlabelled Image • Carbon tax is conducive to alleviating unemployment in coal resource-based areas. • Carbon tax hinders employment lightly when tax revenue is transferred to residents. • Employment effect divides into demand, cost, factor-shift and investment-pull effect. • The transmission path of carbon tax to promote employment varies. • Carbon tax would obstruct employment principally by demand effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With rapid economic growth and massive urbanization, China faces the problem of municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal and the pressing need for development of alternative energy. MSW incineration for power generation is playing an increasingly important role in MSW management in China. In order to study the reduction of GHG emissions caused by MSW incineration for power generation, the GHG emissions under the baseline level is calculated by using Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) methodology. Then, the GHG emission reduction is estimated based on the improved upstream-operation-downstream (UOD) framework. Finally, the GHG emission reduction in Beijing is studied and forecasted through grey prediction model and scenario analysis, and the main factors affecting the reduction potential are identified. The results show that the GHG emission reduction target can be achieved through MSW incineration for power generation. Direct and alternative GHG emissions from MSW incineration are the main sources of emissions, while indirect emissions account for a small proportion. The MSW disposal volume, the moisture content of MSW, the installed capacity of biomass energy, the average line loss of power generation and the quantity of fossil fuels consumed by power generation are five important factors that affecting GHG emission reduction potential. It is recommended that the dominant form of waste disposal in China should be replaced by MSW incineration for power generation, and the full classification of MSW needs to be promoted. Furthermore, the installed capacity of biomass energy should be increased and the average line loss of power generation should be reduced. Image 101195 • The improved Upstream-operation-downstream framework is employed to measure the emission reduction. • It is feasible to achieve GHG emission reduction by municipal solid waste incineration for power generation. • Direct and alternative emissions are the main sources of emissions. • Main factors affecting emission reductions are identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]