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• A feasible LC3 composites to immobilize waste ferronickel slag containing heavy metals was developed. • The S/S capacity of the LC3 system for the Cr and Mn ions was evaluated. • The compressive and flexural strengths were increased with the FNS addition. • A good interfacial bonding between FNS and the LC3 matrix were observed. • The EE and ECO 2 e of per m3 LC3 composites decreased remarkably by 38.21% and 44.77% This study aims to develop the limestone calcined clay (LC3) as a low-carbon treatment to immobilize waste ferronickel slag (FNS) containing heavy metals. The results indicate that the ordinary portland cement (OPC) and limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) adequately immobilized the Chromium (Cr), with the leaching results of 0.10–0.30 mg/L. The LC3 cement provided superior Mn immobilization (lower than 5 mg/L) compared to OPC. Calcium aluminum silicate hydrate (C-A-S-H) and ettringite (AFt) were the two main hydrated products of LC3 that ensure the capacity to encapsulate metals. The LC3 specimens had the lower porosity between 50 and 10,000 nm compared to that of OPC. The Embodied Energy (EE) and Embodied Carbon Emissions (ECO 2 e) of per m3 LC3 remarkably decreased by 38.21% and 44.77%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• HV004 strain showed higher proliferation efficiency and pathogenicity. • The inactivated HTNV vaccine was administered safely in immunized BALB/C mice. • The vaccine induced sufficient neutralizing antibodies and cellular immune response. Hantaan virus (HTNV, Orthohantavirus hantanensae species, Hantaviridae family) is the main etiological agent responsible for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). The novel HTNV may pose a potential danger to the control and prevention of HFRS in China, which highlights the importance of vaccine development in public health management. In previous studies, our laboratory discovered and successfully isolated a new HTNV strain, HV004 strain, from Apodemus agrarius captured in an epidemic area in Hubei, China. An initial biological and pathogenicity characterization of HTNV 76–118 (standard train), HV114 strain (a clinical isolate from Hubei province in 1986), and the novel isolate HV004 strain from the epidemic areas of Hubei province were performed in susceptible cells and in vivo. An experimental HV004 strain inactivated vaccine was prepared, and its corresponding immunogenicity was analyzed in BALB/c mice. HV004 strain had a similar but higher pathogenicity than HTNV 76–118 and HV114 in suckling mice. A subcutaneous vaccination (s.c.) with the inactivated HTNV vaccine adjuvanted with aluminum, followed by a challenge intraperitoneally with 106 FFU/ml HTNV, afforded full protection against an HTNV challenge. All immunized mice in every group elicited serum neutralizing antibodies with increasing dosages, which may protect mice from HTNV infection. A dose-dependent stimulation index of splenocytes was also observed in immunized mice. The percentage of IFN-γ-producing CD3+CD8+ T cells was significantly higher in the spleens of immunized mice than in those of control mice. These findings suggest that the inactivated HTNV vaccine may stimulate mice to produce high levels of antibodies with neutralization activity and elicit specific anti-HTNV humoral and cellular immune responses in BALB/c mice against the prevalent strain of HTNV in south central China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract As we all know, the critical problem of nickel catalysts for carbon dioxide reforming of methane is the deactivation of catalysts due to the carbon deposition and sintering of the active components under high temperature. It was reported that anatase TiO 2 nanosheets with high-energy (001) facets had strong interaction with nickel, which was probably beneficial to resist sintering of nickel nanoparticles and to eliminate deposited carbon via oxygen migration. In this study, Ni nanoparticles were supported on TiO2 nanosheets with exposed high-energy (001) facets. The Ni/TiO 2 (001) catalysts were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, physisorption of N 2 , X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and H 2 temperature-programmed reduction, and the spent catalysts were characterized by Roman and thermogravimetry analysis. The catalytic performance of Ni/TiO 2 (001) catalysts were measured for carbon dioxide reforming of methane reaction. It was found that the prepared Ni/TiO 2 (001) catalysts showed reasonably higher catalytic activity and stability compared with the nickel catalyst supported on commercial titanium oxide (P25). The high dispersion of nickel nanoparticles of Ni/TiO 2 (001) catalysts was helpful to the resistance towards carbon deposition and the strong metal-support interaction was helpful to the resistance towards nickel sintering on account of the unusual surface properties of TiO 2 (001). Graphical abstract The high dispersion of nickel nanoparticles and the strong metal-support interaction of Ni/TiO 2 (001) catalysts was helpful to the resistance towards carbon deposition and nickel sintering on account of the unusual surface properties of TiO 2 (001). Image 1 Highlights • Ni nanoparticles were successfully supported on TiO 2 (001) nanosheets. • Ni/TiO 2 (001) showed better catalytic activity and stability than Ni/P25 for CRM. • The Ni ∼ TiO 2 (001) interaction was helpful to improvement of catalysts. • Catalytic activity and stability were linear with (001) surface area of TiO 2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The approach for extracting and enriching AGEs inhibitors from lotus leaves was optimized. • Four AGEs inhibitors were screened and identified from lotus leaves. • Hyperoside and isoquercitrin were the major AGEs inhibitors, accounting for 55.97% in 80HY. • The interaction of hyperoside, isoquercitrin, trifolin with OVA were differed from astragalin. Previous research indicated lotus leaves extract could effectively inhibit advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) formation, but the optimal extraction condition, bio-active compounds and interaction mechanism remain unclear. The current study was designed to optimize the extraction parameters of AGEs inhibitors from lotus leaves by bio-activity-guided approach. The bio-active compounds were enriched and identified, the interaction mechanisms of inhibitors with ovalbumin (OVA) were investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular docking. The optimum extraction parameters were solid–liquid ratio of 1:30, ethanol concentration of 70 %, ultrasonic time of 40 min, temperature of 50 °C, and power of 400 W. Isoquercitrin, hyperoside, astragalin, and trifolin were identified from the 80 % ethanol fraction of lotus leaves (80HY). Hyperoside and isoquercitrin were dominant AGEs inhibitors and accounted for 55.97 % of 80HY. Isoquercitrin, hyperoside, trifolin interacted with OVA via the same mechanism, hyperoside exhibited the strongest affinity, trifolin caused the most conformational changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the rapid urbanization and increased population, the production of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI-FA) has become enormous and attracted attention worldwide. This study feasibly utilizes MSWI-FA as an immobilization host to co-dispose of ferronickel slag (FNS) through geopolymer technology. Due to the high content of heavy metals in MSWI-FA and FNS, the leachate of the geopolymer was tested with two leaching methods, in terms of acetic acid buffer solution method (AAM) and sulphuric acid & nitric acid method (SNM). Results showed that the leaching concentrations of heavy metal ions in geopolymers were less than the upper limit of Chinese landfill standard. For instance, the value of Cu, Zn, and Cr leachate in geopolymers are far lower than 100, 100, and 5 mg/L. Furthermore, various microstructural tests were performed to evaluate the stabilization/solidification behavior of MSWI-FA and FNS geopolymer, including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) test, scanning electron microscope (SEM)/energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) test, and mercury intrusion porosimeter (MIP) test. The EIS results showed that geopolymer with the combination of 60 wt% MSWI-FA, 20 wt% ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), and 20 wt% silica fume (SF) exhibited a compact and dense microstructure, which was beneficial to the physical encapsulation of heavy metal ions. The MIP result also confirmed that the capillary pore structure of geopolymer is also developed. The SEM, EDS, and XRD results showed that the C-A-S-H, Friedel's salts, and NaCl were the main hydration products in geopolymers. The C-A-S-H was capable contributed to improve the physical encapsulation of heavy metal ions. Friedel's salts were observed to adsorb heavy metal ions on its surface and had the good binding capacity of heavy metal ions. Based on these findings, the feasibility of geopolymers are confirmed, which promote the co-disposal of MSWI-FA and FNS and provide valuable information on the MSWI-FA based construction materials. • Combined use of MSWI-FA and FNS through geopolymer technology was developed. • Leachate of metal ions in geopolymer was less than the upper limit of Chinese landfill standards. • Stabilization/Solidification mechanism of MSWI fly ash-based geopolymer as immobilization host was analyzed. • Adding supplementary cementitious materials enhance immobilization of heavy metals in geopolymer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]