8 results on '"Lorenzen, Janne"'
Search Results
2. Protein supplements after weight loss do not improve weight maintenance compared with recommended dietary protein intake despite beneficial effects on appetite sensation and energy expenditure: a randomized, controlled, double-blinded trial.
- Author
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Kjølbæk, Louise, Sørensen, Lone Brinkmann, Søndertoft, Nadja Buus, Rasmussen, Carrie Klestrup, Lorenzen, Janne Kunchel, Serena, Anja, Astrup, Arne, and Larsen, Lesli Hingstrup
- Subjects
REGULATION of body weight ,LOW-protein diet ,DIETARY supplements ,WEIGHT loss ,VITALITY ,APPETITE ,HIGH-protein diet ,WHEY proteins ,RANDOMIZED controlled trials ,DIETARY proteins ,SOY proteins ,CALCIUM compounds ,BODY composition ,BODY temperature regulation ,ENERGY metabolism ,LONGITUDINAL method ,PROBABILITY theory ,STATISTICAL sampling ,BODY mass index ,PRE-tests & post-tests ,BLIND experiment ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Background: High-protein diets increase weight loss (WL) during energy restriction; therefore, it has been suggested that additional protein intake may improve weight maintenance (WM) after WL. Objective: We investigated the effect of protein supplements from either whey with or without calcium or soy on WM success after WL compared with that of a control. Design: In a randomized, controlled, double-blinded trial, 220 participants aged 18-60 y with body mass index (in kg/m²) from 27.6 to 40.4 were included. The study was initiated with an 8-wk WL period followed by a 24-wk WM period. During WM, participants consumed the following isocaloric supplements (45-48 g/d): whey and calcium (whey+), whey, soy, or maltodextrin (control). Data were collected at baseline, before WM, and after WM (weeks 0, 8, and 32, respectively) and included body composition, blood biochemistry, and blood pressure. Meal tests were performed to investigate diet-induced-thermogenesis (DIT) and appetite sensation. Compliance was tested by 24-h urinary nitrogen excretion. Results: A total of 151 participants completed the WM period. The control and 3 protein supplements did not result in different mean ± SD weight regains (whey+: 2.19 ± 4.6 kg; whey: 2.01 ± 4.6 kg; soy: 1.76 ± 4.7 kg; and control: 2.23 ± 3.8 kg; P = 0.96), fat mass regains (whey+: 0.46 ± 4.5 kg; whey: 0.11 ± 4.1 kg; soy: 0.15 ± 4.1 kg; and control: 0.54 ± 3.3 kg; P = 0.96), or improvements in lean body mass (whey+: 1.87 ± 1.7 kg; whey: 1.94 ± 1.3 kg; soy: 1.58 ± 1.4 kg; and control: 1.74 ± 1.4 kg; P = 0.50) during WM. Changes in blood pressure and blood biochemistry were not different between groups. Compared with the control, protein supplementation resulted in higher DIT (~30 kJ/2.5 h) and resting energy expenditure (243 kJ/d) and an anorexigenic appetite-sensation profile. Conclusion: Protein supplementation does not result in improved WM success, or blood biochemistry after WL compared with the effects of normal dietary protein intake (0.8-1.0 g · kg
-1 · d-1 ). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2017
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3. High-resolution integrated stratigraphy of the OAE1a and enclosing strata from core drillings in the Bedoulian stratotype (Roquefort-La Bédoule, SE France).
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Moullade, Michel, Tronchetti, Guy, Granier, Bruno, Bornemann, André, Kuhnt, Wolfgang, and Lorenzen, Janne
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In 2009 two wells were drilled with 100% core recovery at Roquefort-La Bédoule (Bouches-du-Rhône, SE France), the historical Bedoulian stratotype. Here we present holostratigraphic results based on a detailed study of the cored sediments. Our work confirms that the La Bédoule area offers one of the best records for the period spanning the late Bedoulian, the anoxic event OAE1a and the Bedoulian/Gargasian (lower-upper Aptian substages) transition. New data provide a refined succession of micropaleontogical events already well correlated with ammonites from previous fieldwork and, thus, improve the cross-calibration of bioevents with high-resolution isotope stratigraphy. Methods of the quantitative micropalaeontology applied on benthic foraminifera such as tritaxias help testing their probable orbitally triggered cyclicity, which might be used to precise estimates of duration of events such as OAE1a, the Dufrenoya furcata ammonite Zone, the Globigerinelloides ferreolensis planktonic foraminiferal zone and the C7 isotopic stage. The lithologic, biotic and possibly isotopic changes seen at the level of and around bed 170 (top of “Niveau Blanc” sensu auctorum ) are strong arguments to use this key-level as the boundary between the two Aptian substages (or stages in an alternative classification) and to support the proposal of La Bédoule as a potential locality for the GSSP of the Gargasian Substage (or of historical Aptian sensu stricto , in the alternative classification). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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4. Effect of dairy calcium from cheese and milk on fecal fat excretion, blood lipids, and appetite in young men.
- Author
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Soerensen, Karina V., Thorning, Tanja K., Astrup, Arne, Kristensen, Mette, and Lorenzen, Janne K.
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FECAL analysis ,FAT analysis ,ANALYSIS of variance ,ANTHROPOMETRY ,APPETITE ,DIETARY calcium ,CHEESE ,CHOLESTEROL ,CLINICAL trials ,STATISTICAL correlation ,CROSSOVER trials ,HIGH density lipoproteins ,LOW density lipoproteins ,MATHEMATICS ,MILK ,NUTRITIONAL assessment ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH funding ,STATISTICAL sampling ,STATISTICS ,TRIGLYCERIDES ,URINALYSIS ,SATURATED fatty acids ,STATISTICAL power analysis ,DATA analysis ,MULTIPLE regression analysis ,BODY mass index ,RANDOMIZED controlled trials ,PHYSICAL activity ,DATA analysis software ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Background: Calcium from different dairy sources might affect blood lipids and fecal fat excretion differently because of differences in the food matrix and nutritional composition. Objective: We investigated whether milk- and cheese-based diets with similar calcium contents affect a saturated fatty acid-induced increase in blood lipids differently. Design: Fifteen healthy, young men participated in a randomized 3 x 2-wk crossover study in which the following 3 isocaloric diets that were similar in fat contents and compositions were compared: control diet [nondairy diet (~ 500 mg Ca/d)], milk diet [semiskimmed milk-based diet (1700 mg Ca/d)], and cheese diet [semihard cow-cheese-based diet (1700 mg Ca/d)]. Blood was drawn before and after each period, and feces were collected for 5 d during each period. Results: Saturated fatty acid-induced increases in total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol were lower with the milk diet (mean ± SD: 0.57 ± 0.13 and 0.53 ± 0.11 mmol/L, respectively) (P < 0.01) and cheese diet (0.41 ± 0.15 and 0.47 ± 0.12 mmol/L, respectively) (P < 0.05) than with the control diet (0.89 ± 0.12 and 0.84 ± 0.11 mmol/L, respectively). Fecal fat excretion increased more with the consumption of both the milk (5.2 ± 0.4 g/d) and cheese (5.7 ± 0.4 g/d) diets than with the control diet (3.9 ± 0.3 g/d) (P < 0.001). Changes in blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and lipid ratios did not differ. Conclusions: Compared with the control diet, milk- and cheese-based diets attenuated saturated fatty acid-induced increases in total and LDL cholesterol and resulted in increased fecal fat excretion; however, effects of milk and cheese did not differ. Because the diets contained similar amounts of saturated fat, similar increases in total and LDL cholesterol could be expected; however, both milk and cheese attenuated these responses, which seem to be explained by their calcium contents. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01317251. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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5. A new sediment core from the Bedoulian (Lower Aptian) stratotype at Roquefort-La Bédoule, SE France.
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Lorenzen, Janne, Kuhnt, Wolfgang, Holbourn, Ann, Flögel, Sascha, Moullade, Michel, and Tronchetti, Guy
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SEDIMENTS ,BIOSTRATIGRAPHY ,SEDIMENTATION & deposition ,BIOTURBATION ,DRILLING & boring ,PYRITES ,GLAUCONITE - Abstract
Abstract: New drill cores from the Lower Aptian historical stratotype at Roquefort-La Bédoule (SE France) provide continuous high-resolution geochemical and isotope records which closely track the onset of OAE 1a in a subtropical intra-shelf basin (South Provençal Basin). The drilling operation recovered a total of 180 m of undisturbed sediments in three holes. The lowermost 67 m correspond to the Bedoulian (core LB1) and are here analyzed in high-resolution using geochemical proxies (stable carbon isotopes, stable oxygen isotopes, and carbonate content) and foraminiferal biostratigraphy. Pervasive bioturbation through core LB1 suggests mostly oxygenated bottom water conditions with transient dysoxic episodes, as shown by higher pyrite and glauconite concentrations within the marlstones. Unprecedented resolution over the negative δ
13 C excursion preceding OAE 1a (segment C3) reveals a characteristic double trough extending over ∼5.5 m in core LB1. This long-lasting negative excursion was possibly linked to multiple pulses of enhanced CO2 release to the atmosphere. Estimated sedimentation rates of 1.6–2 cm/kyr indicate that the negative δ13 C excursion lasted >200 kyr, while the main positive carbon isotope shift (segment C4) had a duration of >300 kyr. Fluctuations in δ18 O suggest transient episodes of climate warming and cooling at the northern margin of the Tethys or even on a more global scale prior to the onset of OAE 1a. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]- Published
- 2013
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6. Calcium supplementation for 1 y does not reduce body weight or fat mass in young girls.
- Author
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Lorenzen, Janne K., Mølgaard, Christian, Michaelsen, Kim F., and Astrup, Arne
- Abstract
Background: Accumulating evidence from observational studies indicates that a high calcium intake may reduce body weight and body fat. However, few randomized trials have been conducted. Objective: We examined whether calcium supplementation affects body weight and body fat in young girls and whether a relation exists between habitual calcium intake and body weight and body fat. Design: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention study was conducted in 110 young girls. The subjects were randomly assigned to receive 500 mg Ca/d as calcium carbonate or placebo for 1 y. Two groups of girls were selected according to habitual calcium intake from a large group; one group consumed 1000 -1304 mg/d (40th-60th percentile; n = 60) and the other group consumed <713 mg/d (<20th percentile; n = 50). Height, body weight, body fat, and calcium intake were measured at baseline and after 1 y. Results: At baseline a significant negative correlation was observed between habitual dietary calcium intake and percentage of body fat (r= -0.242, P = 0.011). However, calcium supplementation had no effect on height, body weight, or percentage body fat. Conclusions: Habitual dietary calcium intake was inversely associated with body fat, but a low-dose calcium supplement had no effect on body weight, height, or body fat over 1 y in young girls. It is possible that the effect of calcium on body weight is only exerted if it is ingested as part of a meal, or the effect may be due to other ingredients in dairy products, and calcium may simply be a marker for a high dairy intake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
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7. Importance of the fat content within the cheese-matrix for blood lipid profile, faecal fat excretion, and gut microbiome in growing pigs.
- Author
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Thorning, Tanja K., Raben, Anne, Bendsen, Nathalie T., Jørgensen, Henry H., Kiilerich, Pia, Ardö, Ylva, Lorenzen, Janne K., Kristiansen, Karsten, and Astrup, Arne
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FAT content of cheese , *BLOOD lipids , *SWINE manure , *GUT microbiome , *BUTTER , *DAIRY products - Abstract
Cheese and butter have been shown to affect blood lipids differently. This parallel-arm, randomised, controlled study in 36 crossbred growing sows compared the effect of diets with either regular-fat cheese (REG), reduced-fat cheese + butter (RED) or butter (BUT) on blood lipids, faecal fat and energy excretion and gut microbiome in pigs. A 14-d run-in period was followed by 14-d interventions with macronutrient-matched diets. Fasting total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol after 14 days were higher in REG compared with BUT, but only tended to be higher in RED. Compared with BUT, REG and RED had higher faecal fat excretion. Faecal energy excretion was only higher in REG, and this correlated with a lower microbiome Firmicutes -to- Bacteroidetes ratio. In conclusion, dairy fat consumed as cheese or butter caused different metabolic effects. Differences between reduced-fat cheese+butter and butter were less pronounced than differences between regular-fat cheese and butter, suggesting an impact of the dairy-matrix. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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8. Dairy beverages and energy balance
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Astrup, Arne, Chaput, Jean-Philippe, Gilbert, Jo-Anne, and Lorenzen, Janne K.
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BEVERAGES , *BIOENERGETICS , *MILK consumption , *INGESTION , *DAIRY products , *GASTROINTESTINAL system , *CALORIC expenditure , *MILK proteins - Abstract
Abstract: High dairy intakes have been associated with lower rates of obesity in observational studies, but mechanisms to explain the association are lacking. A high intake of dairy protein reduces spontaneous food intake and may be one important mechanism, but more specific effects of dairy calcium seem to exist. We have found that high versus low calcium intakes from dairy products had no effect on 24-h energy expenditure or substrate oxidation rates, but fecal fat excretion increased ∼2.5-fold on the high-calcium diets. In a meta-analysis of intervention studies we found that increasing dairy calcium intake by 1200mg/day resulted in increased fecal fat excretion by 5.2 (1.6–8.8) g/day. Newer research shows that humans possess taste receptors for calcium in the gastrointestinal tract and that signaling may be linked to appetite regulation. A new line of evidence suggests that an inadequate calcium intake during an energy restricted weight loss program may trigger hunger and impair compliance to the diet. These mechanisms may be part of the explanation for the protective effects of dairy products with regard to obesity and metabolic syndrome. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2010
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