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Engineering-efficient, stable and low-cost electrocatalyst is facing with essential demand for overall water cracking to generate hydrogen and oxygen. Higher activation energy and sluggish kinetics are the main limiting factors for improved yield. In this paper, ZIF-67 was applied to prepare porous metal sulfide and foreign Fe atoms were introduced to substitute Co atoms in situ in CoS to modulate the electronic structure of the active centers. The as-constructed catalytic system reveals expected pH-universal HER performance and alkaline OER activity, and requires quite small over-potentials. Our theoretical prediction verifies the effective charge transfer between the doped Fe atom and its neighboring S atoms on the surface and the chemical environment variation in the doping sites. In addition, the improved conductivity and the decreased activation energy barriers are calculated in the FeCoS catalyst, further explaining its superiority in catalyzing OER and HER processes. This strategy is expected to be expandable to multiple energy transformation applications and provide a constructive strategy for fast charge transfer in water splitting. [Display omitted] • Non-precious bifunctional electrocatalyst were facile established. • FeCoS/NF-2 exhibited excellent performance for HER in the full pH range. • The chemical environment variation in the doping sites was explored. • DFT calculation explained the reasons for the excellent properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A leakage identification method for coal mine air supply pipeline systems is proposed. • The above method is realized by the joint noise reduction algorithm and ELM. • The joint noise reduction method comprises POVMD and wavelet denoising. • The separation point of low- and high-frequency modes is identified by MIE values. • Thresholds in the wavelet denoising method vary according to the decomposition layer. This work presents a leakage identification framework for the coal mine air supply pipeline system based on joint noise reduction and extreme learning machine (ELM). First, leakage vibration signals from a pipeline system are sampled. Then, vibration signals are decomposed by parameter-optimized variational mode decomposition (POVMD), where the mode number is determined via the energy difference principle, and the separation point of low- and high-frequency modes are identified by mutual information entropy. Next, the wavelet denoising method based on an improved threshold function is implemented on high-frequency modes. Then denoised vibration signals are reconstructed by denoised high-frequency modes and low-frequency modes. Subsequently, multi-scale entropy values are extracted and fed into ELM for training and testing. In the laboratory environment, the ELM model with 132 hidden nodes and the Sigmoid function shows the highest testing accuracy (94.17%), indicating that the proposed method is more practical and effective than other methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A multi-locomotion mode ankle rehabilitation robot (MLMARR) based on the 2-UPU/RPU (U: universal; P: prismatic; R: revolute) parallel mechanism with actuators above the end effector is proposed. In addition to the rehabilitation training of the basic motion orientation of the ankle, the MLMARR enables up/down or back/forth traction rehabilitation training, ensuring the training of muscle groups and ligaments related to the ankle motion. First, degrees-of-freedom analysis is conducted based on the screw theory. Subsequently, using the closed-loop vector method and coordinate system rotation transformation, inverse position analysis is performed and the Jacobian matrix is described. In addition, three types of kinematic singularities are identified by analyzing the Jacobian matrix. Moreover, the workspace is determined by the limit boundary method. Three rehabilitation training modes are set and dynamic simulations are performed according to the ankle rehabilitation requirements; on this basis, the linear actuators can be selected reasonably. Finally, the effectiveness and accuracy of rehabilitation training are evaluated based on experimental data obtained using an MLMARR prototype. This research reveals the characteristics and superiority of the proposed MLMARR and offers the basis for the future improvement of the device. • An multi-locomotion mode ankle rehabilitation robot based on the 2-UPU/RPU parallel mechanism has been proposed. • The secondary injuries of the ankle during the rehabilitation training process will be avoided. • The ankle rehabilitation robot can ensure the training of muscle groups and ligaments related to the ankle motion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcome when a free tarsomarginal graft is used to repair a large congenital coloboma in patients with a Tessier number 10 cleft. Materials and methods This was a retrospective, interventional case series. The medical records were reviewed for five children (six eyes) diagnosed as having Tessier number 10 cleft with large upper eyelid defects and symblepharon. These children were referred to the Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, between May 2007 and December 2012. Reconstructive techniques included repair of the upper eyelid defect with a free tarsomarginal graft taken from the lower eyelid, and reconstruction of the conjunctival fornix by using a conjunctival autograft after symblepharon lysis. All the children were followed up for more than 2 years. Postoperative upper eyelid contour, viability and function for corneal protection, and recurrence of symblepharon were assessed. Results A one-stage reconstruction procedure was used in all children. All reconstructed eyelids achieved a surgical goal of providing corneal protection and improved cosmesis, with marked improvement of exposure keratopathy and no associated lagophthalmos. Adequate reconstruction of the upper fornix was obtained, and there was no obvious recurrence of symblepharon. Conclusion A free tarsomarginal graft is beneficial and seems to be an adequate method for reconstruction of large eyelid defects in children with a Tessier number 10 cleft. Symblepharon lysis with a conjunctival autograft for reconstruction of the ocular surface can be performed at the same time as eyelid repair as a one-stage procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The extraction of Au(III) from hydrochloric acid solutions by microemulsion was studied. The extraction experiments were carried out using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as surfactant and iso-amyl alcohol as co-surfactant. Au(III) was found to be extracted into the microemulsion phase due to ion pair formation such as AuCl4 −CTAB+. The influence of temperature on the extraction of Au(III) has been investigated at temperatures ranging from 288 to 313K. Temperature was found to decrease the distribution of Au(III). Thermodynamic parameters like enthalpy and entropy of the extraction, calculated by applying Van’t Hoff equation, were −36.76kJmol−1 and −84.87Jmol−1 K−1, respectively. Furthermore, the influence of the concentrations of hydrogen ion and chloride anion on the extraction efficiency (E%) were verified. Au(III) was extracted quantitatively (E%>99%) and selectively at the whole range of HCl concentrations (0.2–5M). Recovery of gold from electrical waste and treatment of CTAB wastewater generated from the extraction were also discussed. Thus, the extraction of Au(III) from hydrochloric acid solutions by microemulsion is an effective approach. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Porous Co x Ni 1-x Ta 2 O 6 mesoporous nanomaterials were synthesized through a sol-gel route using the spray-dried method. They had high photocatalytic activity for water splitting into H 2 and O 2 under visible light. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of Co x Ni 1-x Ta 2 O 6 revealed that Co atoms could displace Ni atoms in the NiTa 2 O 6 bulk lattice to form a solid solution. A field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM, JSM-6700F) image showed that the microspheres were constructed of irregular nanoparticles randomly stacked to form a mesoporous structure. UV–Vis diffuse reflection spectroscopy (DRS) was used to determinate the band gap changes of Co x Ni 1-x Ta 2 O 6 samples, which extended towards the visible light region. However, the photocatalytic activity did not have a linear relationship with the band gap, even when the effect of the s urface area was considered. The distortion index of the TaO 6 octahedral lattice was found to be an important influencing factor, and Co 0.8 Ni 0.2 Ta 2 O 6 showed high photocatalytic efficiency with a maximum of 1367 μmol h −1 g −1 for H 2 yield, which made it a promising candidate for splitting water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With technology scaling down, the charge sharing among multiple nodes has becoming significant, making Single Event Multiple Node Upsets (SEMNUs) has become one of the major concern in memory cell designs. In this paper, a design of polarity hardening memory cell (PH_14T) is proposed for mitigating Single Event Multiple Node Upsets (SEMNUs). Through the 3D TCAD mixed-mode simulation established that the high robustness against SEU and SEMNUs of the PH_14T cell. Additionally, Cadence Spectre simulation results demonstrated that the proposed PH_14T cell has smaller write access time, lower power consumption, and highest critical charge compared to radiation-hardened cells. Monte Carlo simulation further confirmed the high radiation tolerance and high reliability of the proposed cell against SNU and DNU. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional von Neumann architecture, characterized by separate memory and processing units connected by a limited-capacity memory bus, faces challenges in handling tasks with high energy efficiency requirements. In contrast, the compute-in-memory (CIM) architecture offers a promising alternative, facilitating high parallelism in data processing while integrating storage functions, thereby significantly reducing memory access frequency and power consumption. This study presents a fully digital CIM macro featuring a novel self-write-back 12T cell. This bitcell is capable of performing Boolean logic operations and autonomously writing back results into the in-situ cell, thereby significantly improving energy efficiency.This can be used for binary logical operations between each pixel of two images without requiring additional storage area. A bidirectional read/write architectural design enables matrix transposition. This can achieve image rotation.Additionally, this novel 12T cell also offers the option to choose not to write back the results of logical operations, thereby providing the flexibility and configurability for image processing. Combined with an adder tree, it enables multiply-and-accumulate (MAC) operation for convolutional neural networks(CNNs). This can be used for feature extraction. We propose an 18T full adder structure with lower power-delay product than current state-of-the-art full adders, which is advantageous for improving the synthesis performance of the adder tree.The CIM macro supports a 4-bit × 4-bit MAC operation. The proposed CIM macro, designed and simulated using a 28 nm CMOS process with a 16 Kb static random access memory (SRAM), demonstrates promising results. At VDD = 0.9 V, the logic operation energy consumption is 1.35 fJ/bit with an energy efficiency of 740TOPS/W, and MAC operation energy consumption is 15.91 fJ/bit with an energy efficiency of 62.85 TOPS/W. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resistive random access memory (RRAM) is viewed as the next-generation memory model, surpassing the constraints of traditional random access memory. Given its non-volatile nature, which lessens static power consumption, RRAM boasts significant computing-in-memory (CIM) potential. We herein present a four-transistor/two-resistor cross-coupling structure based on RRAM. In this structure, two RRAMs are situated in opposite directions, a configuration referred to as reverse coding. This structure provides the flexibility and reconfigurability to adjust the RRAM connections, facilitating various CIM operations in fewer cycles. A full adder design was developed and its feasibility was validated through simulations. Monte Carlo analysis ensures the accuracy of logic operations, even while encountering significant resistance fluctuations. This approach effectively mitigates the resistance crossover observed in existing RRAM CIMs. Compared with previous methodologies, the proposed structure achieves greater robustness with fewer cycle counts and RRAM numbers, The comparison of our approach with state-of-the-art Boolean logic circuits for RRAM architecture shows significant improvement in both delay (1.4–4.1 ×) and the number of RRAM (1.2–6.6 ×). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the emerging field of in-memory computing (IMC), this study proposes a dual-port static random access memory (SRAM) IMC architecture with the distinct capability of realizing XOR encryption (XORE), thus serving as a potential solution for the Von Neumann bottleneck. Beyond providing traditional SRAM read and write operations, the proposed architecture carries out additional tasks such as multi-bit multiply and accumulate (MAC) and XOR accumulation (XORA). The architecture was simulated using a 28-nm Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor Process, demonstrating a minor standard deviation of 9.41 mV in bit line voltage at the SS process corner, as evidenced by Monte Carlo simulation. Energy expenditure for the MAC, XORA, and XORE, was found to be 1.65, 1.46, and 9.02 fJ/ops respectively at the TT process corner. Furthermore, the presented architecture showed considerable energy efficiency, with MAC, XORA, and XORE operations achieving energy efficiency values of 604.9, 682.7, and 110.8 TOPS/W respectively, at a supply voltage of 0.9 V at the TT process corner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The proposal of compute-in-memory (CIM) is a breakthrough for the traditional von Neumann architecture to achieve efficient computing research. This architecture has unique advantages in the computing field thanks to supporting multi-line computing and without data transmission between processor and memory. In this paper, an in-memory computing structure based on 9T SRAM unit is proposed, which can both operate on memory and computing mode. Compared with the previous works, thanks to the redundant units, the computational structure can directly complete XNOR operations and storage of the whole SRAM array in only one cycle, without the need of extra digital logic circuits (such as AND, OR circuits), which can significantly improve the parallelism of the computation. Meanwhile, the architecture can map the XNOR logical operation into the binary multiplication, and then add up the one-bit multiplication results through the addition tree, thus realizing the binary convolution calculation. A 64-bit × 64-bit (4 Kb) SRAM array with the proposed scheme is designed and simulated in 55 nm CMOS technology. Simulation results show excellent stability and write yields in SRAM memory mode at an operating frequency of 200 MHz. In computing mode, the SRAM array power consumption for logical operation is 52.68 fJ/bit at 1.2 V supply voltage. At a minimum supply voltage of 0.8 V, the power consumption is only 5.58 fJ/bit, with an energy efficiency 179.21 TOPS/W. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artificial intelligence algorithms play important roles in image classification to speech recognition, which contains enormous Boolean logic and multiplication operations. Traditional von Neumann architecture separates computing and storage units, which leads to "power walls" and "memory walls" problems. In-memory computing (IMC) is a promising method to solve these problems. In this work, we propose an IMC macro based on customed 9T-SRAM, which can be configured in memory, Boolean logic and multiply-and-accumulate (MAC) modes. The 9T-SRAM adopts read/write decoupled and a tail transistor structure, which enhances the read stability and reduces power consumption. With the bias rows, Boolean logic results are obtained from the differential voltages on two bitlines, reducing the peripheral circuit for reference voltage generation. Furthermore, the bias rows replace analog to digital converter (ADC) to binarize the MAC result, reducing the area overhead. In a 55 nm process, simulations manifest the 9T-SRAM shows enhanced read static noise margin, and the macro exhibits stable IMC operations and high energy-efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The multi-loop coupled over-constraint of the Rubik's cube mechanism is checked. • A method for analyzing the mobility of the Rubik's cube mechanism is proposed. • The loop and movement direction of the Rubik's cube mechanism is analyzed. This paper focuses on the establishment of the kinematic diagram and the mobility of Rubik's Cube. Owing to the complex and variable characteristics of Rubik's Cube mechanism, a method of separating the inner and outer loops of Rubik's Cube mechanism and analyzing the Rubik's Cube with 1/8 module as a unit is proposed. Based on the topological graph and adjacency matrix, the kinematic diagram of Rubik's Cube unit which is in the first octant in both aligned and non-aligned states is constructed. On this basis, an analytical method for mobility due to the characteristics of strong coupling between the loops is proposed which is to separate the constraint of the internal and external of the mechanism, to successively decompose the mechanism by layer, then to process the front and back basic loops in proper order. Besides, a method is proposed to classify the sub-pieces and to decompose the coupling loops according to the direction of motion and the directed graph. Based on the screw theory and the "modified K-G formula", the mobility of Rubik's Cube is obtained when it is in aligned and non-aligned states. Further, the theoretical analysis results are verified by the ADAMS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the first time, g-C 3 N 4 @α-Fe 2 O 3 /Co-Pi heterojunctional hollow spheres were successfully fabricated via thermal condensation method followed by solvothermal and photo-deposition treatment, which showed excellent photocatalytical property. Except for the Z-scheme charge transfer between α-Fe 2 O 3 and g-C 3 N 4 , the Co-Pi could further reduce the combination of photogenerated electrons and holes as a hole storage agent, resulting in remarkably enhanced visible-light photocatalytic water splitting activity with the H 2 production rate of 450 μmol h−1g−1, which is 15.7 times higher than that of g-C 3 N 4. Moreover, the photocatalytic activity of the prepared ternary hollow photocatalysts showed almost no significant weakness after five cycles, which indicated their good performance stability. The as-prepared g-C 3 N 4 @α-Fe 2 O 3 /Co-Pi also possessed good activity for overall water splitting with the hydrogen production rate reaching 9.8 μmol h−1g−1. This synthesized g-C 3 N 4 @α-Fe 2 O 3 /Co-Pi composite is expected to be a promising candidate for water splitting. Image 1 • Hollow g-C 3 N 4 @α-Fe 2 O 3 /Co-Pi (CFP) heterojunction spheres are fabricated. • CFP enhances visible-light photocatalytic activity for water splitting. • H 2 production rate of CFP is 15.7 times higher than that of g-C 3 N 4. • The ternary hollow photocatalysts have good performance stability. • Z-Scheme system forms between g-C 3 N 4 and α-Fe 2 O 3 , Co-Pi acts as hole storage agent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the reduction of MOS transistor process size, the ability of static random access memory (SRAM) to resist single event upset plays an important role in reducing the soft error rate of chips. In this paper, a novel Radiation Hardened By Design Cell (RHBD-14T) using source isolation technology to reduce the number of sensitive nodes is proposed, compared with the following latest radiation-hardened memory cells (WE-Quatro, RHPD-12T, SAR-14T, SEA-14T, QUCCE-12T, SARP-12T, EDP-12T, QCCS, SCCS and SERSC-16T), the proposed RHBD-14T saves 0.5%, −5.3%, 100.2%, 83.6%, −18.5%, −22.8%, 83.7%, 72%, −2.1%, 171% of read-delay time and −13.4%, −36.3%, −34.4%, 24.1%, 8.4%, 153.1%, 47.8%, 14.7%, −2.8%, −32.8% of write delay time, respectively. In addition, RHBD-14T has the smallest power consumption and the largest hold static noise margin (HSNM), read static noise margin (RSNM) and charge-SNM to power-area-delay (QSPAD), which means it is more suitable for radiation intensive space environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • The multi-configuration features of Rubik's Cube mechanism are introduced. • The relationship between the configurations and the characteristic dimensions is obtained. • A method for describing the Rubik's Cube mechanism topological structure is proposed. Abstract Rubik's Cube is popular in the world for its beautiful simple complexity. The ingenious Rubik's Cube mechanism, whose structure is different from traditional mechanisms, has been paid more attention to as a toy or mathematical content. However, little attention has been paid to the investigation of its mechanical structure. In this paper, multi-configuration feature of the classic 3 × 3 × 3 Rubik's Cube is first investigated systematically, aiming at establishing the composition theory system of the Rubik's Cube mechanism and laying the foundation for the development and application of such mechanism. Firstly, the structural composition of the mechanism is analyzed and two new concepts of kinematic pairs called combined planar pair and spherical pair are defined, based on which the relationship between the configurations and characteristic dimensions of Rubik's Cube are analyzed in a single-operation, and its mapping relationship and the configurations change law of the Rubik's Cube mechanism are obtained subsequently. The different topological structures of Rubik's Cube are presented using graph theory and a new description method using a customized adjacency matrix for describing Rubik's Cube topological structure is established. The research is helpful for guiding the topological structure design and analysis of the multi-structure mechanisms containing dimension information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For low voltage CMOS static random access memory (SRAM) cells, the leakage current on bit-lines will slow down the reading operation and even lead to error reading. Herein we report a 4B4C circuit composed of 8T SRAM arrays, four bit-lines and four coupling capacitors to track and compensate the bit-line leakage current (BLLC). The assistant bit-lines are used to control the connection of capacitors. The coupling capacitors are used to compensate voltage losses caused by the BLLC, and improve the maximum tolerable current from primary bit-line. The timing diagram and output waveforms verify the compensatory effects of coupling capacitors. The 4B4C circuit shows fast reading operation and increases the maximum tolerable leakage current to 17.8 times compared with conventional circuit at FS process corner. The 4B4C circuit can keep 100% correct reading till 200 μA from Monte Carlo simulations. The 4B4C circuit enhances SRAM reading reliability and shows huge potential in very-large scale memory arrays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposed a radiation-hardened memory cell (RHMC12T) by polar design for space applications. The proposed cell has the following advantages: (1) it can tolerate all single-node upset and partial double-node upset based on combining radiation hardened by polar design technology together with reasonable layout topology; (2) comparing with the state-of-the-art radiation hardened SRAM cells, simulation results show the proposed RHMC12T cell has lower write access time, higher wordline write trip voltage, larger static noise margin, and larger critical charge. And Monte Carlo simulation results have shown that RHMC12T has good robustness; (3) electrical quality metric is widely used to evaluate the overall performance of SRAM cells. And RHMC12T has the largest EQM compared with the state-of-the-art radiation hardened SRAM cells, which suggests the proposed RHMC12T exhibits good circuit performance (including write/read access time, static noise margin et al.) as well as good radiation resistance performance with sacrificing a large area overhead. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sense amplifiers (SA) are facing increasing offset problems and amplifying problems due to mismatch of transistors and variations. This paper presents a structure that cancels the offset which is based on the delay and offset relation. The proposed structure can measure the delay of an SA due to its own offset voltage, and convert it into the length of a correction signal. The correction signal discharges the input of the SA, which reduces the voltage of the input to cancel the offset of the SA. The proposed technique can be applied to both the conventional latch-type SA (CLSA) and the current-latched SA with an NMOS footswitch (CSANF). The schematic simulations based on the 28 nm complementary metal-oxide semiconductor process show that the proposed technique can achieve a more centralized offset distribution than the CLSA and the CSANF. Moreover, the offset voltage of the two types SA can be reduced by 71.42% and 65.95%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

First-principles calculations were carried out to calculate the formation energy, migration barrier and electronic properties of a resistive memory model based on hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) in the presence of an active metal and a boron vacancy (V B) using density functional theory (DFT). Following the benchmark of the exchange correlation functional and the calculated parameters of monolayer h-BN, a model of a multilayer h-BN vertical stack with distribution states of SW-5577 defects was proposed. For four active metal dopants (Ti, Ag, Cu and Ni), a preference towards substitution sites (S1) with the lowest dopant formation energies (DFEs) was identified, which enhanced the formation of adjacent V B , especially for the nearest neighbour. Furthermore, a low concentration of Ti dopant in the closest location to the initial position of the migration path would drastically reduce the migration barrier of the V B between layers. Finally, Ti dopants with two and three V B neighbours in the same layer significantly improved the conductivity and the formation of conducting channels because of the improvement of charge distribution in the resistance model, which was demonstrated by DOS plots, band-decomposed charge density and Bader charge. Our present work can provide theoretical guidance for the rational design and device optimization of h-BN-based RRAM devices. • A multilayer vertical stack with SW-5577 defects was proposed for theoretical calculation of h-BN based RRAM. • A preference towards substitution site (S1) with the lowest DFEs was identified for Ti, Ag, Cu and Ni dopants. • The closest Ti dopant to the initial position would drastically reduce the migration barrier of the V B between layers. • The increase in the number and spatial distribution of V B is beneficial to the surrounding electron localization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Drug toxicity may occur due to dangerous drug combination. We aimed to investigate the influence of verapamil (a P-gp inhibitor) - bufadienolides interaction on cardiotoxicity and bufadienolide uptake by the isolated heart. The study was performed in Langendorff isolated perfused guinea-pig hearts by bufadienolides infusion in the absence and presence of verapamil (250, 500ng/ml). Arrhythmia parameters were evaluated by ECG and the content of bufadienolides in heart were measured by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS). In the present of verapamil, the wide QRS duration and lightly rapid heart rate (HR) were markedly reduced in the early stage of bufadienolide intoxication. However, the ECG changes characterized by prolonged P–R interval, and slow heart rate and low QRS amplitude in the late stage of bufadienolide intoxication were significantly enhanced. Furthermore, the contents of a variety of bufadienolide compounds in the verapamil+bufadienolide group were significantly higher when cardiac arrest occurred. Although verapamil reduced the bufadienolide-induced ventricular arrhythmias, verapamil worsened heart block and lethal bradycardia of bufadienolides partly via increasing the uptake of bufadienolides in heart tissue, which could compromise the protective effects of verapamil against bufadienolide intoxication. These results suggested that the verapamil may produce dangerous interactions with drugs containing bufadienolides. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The design and synthesis of two rhodamine derivatives with the same luminescent group, which have an interesting "turn-on" fluorescent response toward NO and can be readily prepared through one-step reaction in acetonitrile. Of the two compounds, rh-NO-1 showed high selectivity for NO among various reactive oxygen/nitrogen species, accompanied by a 24-fold fluorescent enhancement. With an increase of the amount of NO from 0 to 100 μM, the linear correlation between the fluorescent intensity of rh-NO-1 at 600 nm and the concentration of NO was found. The probe rh-NO-1 had good sensitivity and the detection limit was as low as 36.8 nM. Upon addition of NO, rh-NO-1 had a clear response within 2 min. This was a colour change from colorless to pink, which was visible to the naked eye. In addition, both rh-NO-1 and its derivative can be used to detect NO in living cells. Image 1 • A new rhodamine B probe was developed for NO using hydrazine hydrate or ethylenediamine as linker respectively. • This probe shows "turn-on" fluorescent changes and is accompanied by a visible change from colorless to pink. • This probe shows rapid response to NO, good sensitivity, highly selectivity and low cytotoxicity. • This probe can be used to image NO in live cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]