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Abstract: This paper surveys China''s renewable energy economy, focusing particularly on renewable energy laws and programs, the lessons that can be learnt from the current literature, and the implications of that literature. Gaps in the literature on China''s renewable energy economy include the need for more comprehensive econometric studies. The literature may also benefit from more collaboration between renewable energy economists and agricultural economists. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: China''s demand for energy has grown to fuel its rapidly expanding industrial, commercial and consumer sectors. At the same time, China has become the second largest consumer of petroleum products having surpassed Japan for the first time in 2003. The environmental consequences of a continuation of these trends will have global implications. Government policies and consumers have become more environmentally aware, but the ability of governments to formulate policies has been hindered by the lack of data on inter-factor and inter-fuel substitution possibilities. In this paper Allen partial elasticities of factor and energy substitution, and price elasticities of energy demand are calculated for China''s industrial economy using a two-stage translog cost function approach for the period 1995–2004. The results suggest that energy is substitutable with both capital and labor. Coal is significantly substitutable with electricity and slightly complementary with oil, while oil and electricity are slightly substitutable. China''s energy intensity is increasing during the study period and the major driver appears to be due to the increased use of energy-intensive technology. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Many are interested in China''s energy situation, however, many energy related issues in China still remain unanswered, for example, what are the potential forces driving energy demand and supply? Previous reviews focused only on fossil fuel based energy and ignored other important elements including renewable and ‘clean’ energy sources. The work presented here is intended to fill this gap by bringing the research on fossil-based and renewable energy economic studies together and identifying the potential drivers behind both energy demand and supply to provide a complete picture of China''s energy situation in the new millennium. This will be of interest to anyone concerned with the development of China''s economy in general and the energy economy, in particular. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

[Display omitted] • Devolving the CO 2 emission influence on climatic change, forestry, livestock and crops production. • Forestry, rainfall and temperature exposed a positive effect on CO 2 emission in the long-run analysis. • Forestry, crops production, livestock, population growth, rainfall and temperature also showed a positive effect on CO 2 emission in the short-run dynamics. Global warming is an important issue from the last few decades and causing climate change due to carbon dioxide emission and greenhouse gases emission. The present study's key aim is to decouple the carbon dioxide emission influence on forestry production, crops production, livestock production, energy usage, population growth, temperature and rainfall in Pakistan. Time series data was utilized ranging from 1970 to 2017, and stationarity of the data was verified by using the unit root tests, while vector autoregressive model was applied to demonstrate the dynamic interaction amid study variables. Furthermore, the Granger causality test was applied to check the causal relation amid variables. The long-run dynamics results through the vector autoregressive model show that forestry production, rainfall, and temperature have a constructive effect on carbon dioxide emission, while crops production, livestock production, energy use, and population growth have a negative effect on carbon dioxide emission. Short-run analysis outcomes also demonstrate that forestry production, crops production, livestock production, population growth, rainfall, and the temperature have a positive effect on carbon dioxide emission, while energy usage has an adverse impact on carbon dioxide emission in Pakistan. Similarly, Granger causality test results also exposed that all variables have a unidirectional association. The Pakistani government needs to take the requisite measures to curb carbon dioxide emission in order to improve agricultural production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pakistan is listed among the countries that are extremely susceptible to climate changes and it has experienced several natural disaster shocks with tremendous impacts. However, post-disaster recovery and rehabilitation is still a major challenge due to difficulty in targeting the right beneficiaries and the effectiveness of post-disaster aid. This study proposes a conceptual framework and rehabilitation measures for the judicious allocation of two post-disaster aid programmes in the context of 2010 super flood disasters in Pakistan. Using primary data sets from the most severely affected district of province Punjab, it employs Probit and Tobit models and empirically investigates the determinants of better targeting and aid allocation. The results show that 'cash aid' for house reconstruction was much better targeted than agricultural assistance in compensating the affected households. The targeting and the effectiveness of aid programmes were mainly determined by gender, membership, farmer size and injured members. Finally, this study suggests that for better targeting of post-disaster aid programmes, local governments and international organizations should pay attention to those families with fewer adult females and injured members, and those without CBO membership. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] China owns large quantity of crop residues to develop the renewable energy. [•] Priority of using crop residues should be different across provinces. [•] Policy supports are critical for the existence of power generation plant. [•] Important to increase power generation efficiency and lower the cost of feedstock. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This paper synthesizes recent research and new empirical findings to build a more comprehensive understanding of developments in China’s dairy sector. China’s tremendous rise in dairy demand has been driven by several mutually reinforcing factors: including rapid income growth, promotion by the government and dairy industry, changes in urban lifestyles, and the development of new, more sophisticated marketing channels. Domestic milk output has grown to satisfy rising demand largely by increasing the dairy herd. Substantial increases in productivity have been achieved through technology adoption, but there is evidence that the torrid growth has created inefficiencies because adaptations to marketing rules, infrastructure, and institutions have not kept pace with the changing environment. These results suggest there is ample room for future growth in both domestic milk production and dairy demand, but multinational firms and imported products will likely play and increasing role as China’s dairy market continues to develop. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Following reforms to the market, China’s hog industry has developed rapidly, however, with social and economic transitions, China’s hog industry is facing challenges which might restrict long-term growth in production. This paper analyzes the changes in regional scale, organization, input factors, and technological progress for China’s hog production over the last few decades. The paper seeks to reveal the sources of hog production growth and provide some suggestions for future development of the hog industry. To achieve these aims, the paper uses stochastic frontier production functions and the Malmquist index to measure total factor productivity (TFP) in the hog industry and decompose TFP into technical efficiency; technological progress; scale efficiency; and allocative efficiency using data for 25 provinces from 1980 to 2008. The results show firstly that; the TFP of hog production increased by 64.3% from 1980 to 2008, and allocative efficiency and scale efficiency improvements played a key role in this TFP growth. In contrast, technical efficiency and technical progress have changed little over this period. Secondly, TFP’s contribution to output was 39.7%, it being less than that of factor inputs to output. Thirdly, the results suggest that the growth of China’s pork production depends mostly on the increase in the quantity of factor inputs, especially feed. As a consequence, the key to ensuring long-term and stable development of China’s hog production would seem to involve focusing on enhancing total factor productivity and changing the pattern of production growth. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

China has experienced a series of high-profile food safety scandals in the past few years that seriously challenged public confidence in the domestic food industry. Much attention has been paid to Chinese government's food regulatory and inspection systems. Scant research, however, has been devoted to analyzing Chinese consumers' food safety concerns. This study interviewed 2092 Chinese consumers in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Xi'an, Jinan, and Harbin and used the Conditional Logit model, Mixed Logit model, and the Latent Class model to analyze consumer preferences and marginal willingness to pay (WTP) for selected food safety attributes of Fuji apple products. We identified three consumer segments: certification-oriented (65.9%), price and origin-oriented (19.1%), and not interested (15.0%). Results reveal that Chinese consumers, in general, are willing to pay a premium for selected food safety attributes. Consumers' perceptual and attitudinal factors and socio-demographic characteristics are used to determine the sources of preference heterogeneity. Marginal analysis is also conducted to estimate the response of the model and selectione'd probability to potential policy levels, such as increasing the perception of food safety and the trust on labeling and traceability information to improve the evaluation of food safety. • Conduct a discrete choice experiment in five cities across China. • Identify three consumer segments but most consumers are certification-oriented. • Find consumers valuate the government certification most. • Conclude region of origin and price are major attributes of consumer choices. • Suggest simplifying labeling application and specific information program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Conduct a choice experiment on Fuji apples in a face-to-face survey in six cities. • Assess the interaction of consumers' trust and preferences for traceable foods. • WTPs depend on degree of consumers' trust on supervision and on food labels. • Find government isn't the most trusted safety inspection and certificate authority. Food safety is a very important topic in China. We investigate Chinese consumers' preferences and willingness to pay (WTP) for food traceability using a choice experiment. Given that consumers' trust in the food system may affect their preferences and WTP, we also assess the interaction between consumers' trust in government's supervision of food safety and food labels and consumers' preferences for traceable food products. Using data collected from a choice experiment on Fuji apples in a face-to-face survey in six Chinese cities, the results show that (i) consumers are willing to pay for traceable food but their valuations can differ upon the degree of their trust in government's supervision of food safety and food labels; (ii) consumers are willing to pay for traceability with strong evidence of preference heterogeneity; (iii) government is not the most trusted safety inspection and certificate authority as found in prior studies using animal food products in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]