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Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of proangiogenic growth factors in an experimental model of ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R) in both normotensive and hypertensive rats. Renal ischemic injury was induced in transgenic rats rendered hypertensive due to renin overproduction [TGR (mREN-2)-27] and in normotensive Hannover Sprague-Dawley rats (HanSD). Animals were treated for 12 weeks with either tacrolimus (TAC, 0.1 mg/kg per day, intramuscularly [IM]) or placebo. After 12 weeks, kidneys were harvested for morphologic, immunohistochemical, and RT-PCR analysis. Both normotensive and hypertensive untreated rats developed significantly greater proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis compared with TAC-treated rats. Immunohistologically, TGR showed higher basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) protein expression compared with normotensive HanSD. TAC-treated rats had higher bFGF protein expression than untreated rats. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein expression in glomeruli was more increased in TGR after I/R than in sham-operated animals. TAC-treated TGR hosts developed higher VEGF mRNA expression compared with both untreated and sham groups; however, there were no differences between treated and untreated normotensive HanSD animals. bFGF is involved in the fibrogenesis induced by hypertension and I/R injury. The nature of the increase in proangiogeneic growth factor expression among tacrolimus-treated animals remains to be elucidated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]