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Herpetic gingivostomatitis (HGE) is a pathology caused herpes simplex virus. Although occurring more often in children, it can affect adults and is often more extensive and aggressive. Diagnosis is defined by clinical features, and hematological tests are important to treat cases in adults, where there is the possibility of some type of immunosuppression. The patient is a 46-year-old male patient who sought treatment for ulcerative and papular lesions on the gums, tongue, and oral mucosa the caused pain, discomfort, and dysphagia. The patient reported no recent illnesses of any kind. Platelet changes were observed on hematological exam. Clinical diagnosis was HGE. Propaedeutic was steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and hygiene instructions. In 10 days, all lesions had regressed and the patient could eat again without difficulty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The yellow fever vaccine is very effective with a single injection conferring protection for at least 10 years. Recent evidence suggests that the innate immune cells activated through Toll-like receptors (TLRs), are critical determinants of the robustness of the adaptive response. Therefore, we investigated the NK cell status in eight healthy volunteers after vaccination with YF 17DD virus. Shortly after vaccination, we observed increased expression of TLR-3 and TLR-9 in NK cells and markers such as CD69, HLA-DP-DQ-DR, CD38 and CD16. The up-regulation of CD69 was positively correlated with the presence of TLRs throughout the post-vaccination period and the circulating IFN-γ was significantly augmented. These results suggest that TLRs may play an important role in NK cell activation during the immune response to vaccination, indicating a potential role for NK cells in helping the development of long-lasting protective memory. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Yellow fever is an acute infectious disease caused by prototype virus of the genus Flavivirus . It is endemic in Africa and South America where it represents a serious public health problem causing epidemics of hemorrhagic fever with mortality rates ranging from 20% to 50%. There is no available antiviral therapy and vaccination is the primary method of disease control. Although the attenuated vaccines for yellow fever show safety and efficacy it became necessary to develop a new yellow fever vaccine due to the occurrence of rare serious adverse events, which include visceral and neurotropic diseases. The new inactivated vaccine should be safer and effective as the existing attenuated one. In the present study, the immunogenicity of an inactivated 17DD vaccine in C57BL/6 mice was evaluated. The yellow fever virus was produced by cultivation of Vero cells in bioreactors, inactivated with β-propiolactone, and adsorbed to aluminum hydroxide (alum). Mice were inoculated with inactivated 17DD vaccine containing alum adjuvant and followed by intracerebral challenge with 17DD virus. The results showed that animals receiving 3 doses of the inactivated vaccine (2 μg/dose) with alum adjuvant had neutralizing antibody titers above the cut-off of PRNT 50 (Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test). In addition, animals immunized with inactivated vaccine showed survival rate of 100% after the challenge as well as animals immunized with commercial attenuated 17DD vaccine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The treatment effect against psoriasis of an antigen (delipidated, deglycolipidated form of M. vaccae-PVAC) was investigated. One hundred and sixty-five patients were enrolled in three arms (50 or 15μg or placebo), each receiving a total of two intradermal injections (days 0 and 21). At week 12, a 75% decrease in psoriasis area and severity index was similar among the studied groups (13, 9 and 18%, p =0.429). The overall incidence of adverse events was significantly higher in the PVAC treated groups when compared to placebo (98.2, 87.3 and 70.9%; p <0.001) largely due to local reactions that were limited for the most part to grades 1 and 2 in severity and were self-limiting. Despite its overall safety, PVAC was not clearly indicated to be superior to placebo in the treatment of psoriasis in this study. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]