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We introduce a novel 'materials/processing' approach that enables wholly bio-based, transparent polylactic acid (PLA) composites exhibiting unprecedented mechanical toughness. We introduce an aqueous colloidal suspension of cellulose-/chitin-nanofibers (CNF/ChNF) as reinforcing nanofillers. In particular, we design a water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion-based pre-complexation step whereby the aqueous CNF/ChNF nanofillers can be directly integrated with PLA forming a solid masterbatch (MB), which can be processed with twin screw extrusion (TSE) and injection molding to produce PLA composites containing only a minute amount (2 wt%) of CNF/ChNF without any foreign additives. The resulting wholly bio-based PLA composites show unprecedentedly high levels of mechanical toughness (151.2 MJ/m3), elongation at break (377.5 %), impact strength (123 J/m), and optical transparency (∼90 %). In this article, we report on the fabrication and detailed structure-processing-property relation of our green PLA composites. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]