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[Display omitted] • Chitosan-Silver Oxide nanoparticles (CS- AgO) were preparation by two methods particularly created for biomedical applications by adjusting their characteristics, micromorphology, and chemical composition. • Further modification and functionalization procedures have allowed for the insertion of various functional groups or micro morphologies into CS-CuO-AgO-based nanocomposites to fulfill the needs of unique target applications. • CS- AgO −based nanocomposites reduction toxic from killing antibacterial staphylococcus bacteria activity through diffusion method. • The biosafety of CS-AgO-based nanocomposites is a problem, and their bioaccumulation, biodegradation, and bio elimination behavior must be thoroughly investigated before they can be used in clinical settings. The novelty of this work is comparison for sliver oxide nanoparticles (AgO NPs) preparation using the wild shrimp extract via hydrothermal method before and after with pulse laser ablation (PLA) technique. Two distinct methods were used to successfully prepare AgO NPs, which involved mixing a wild shrimp extract with Ag 2 NO 3 salt. The objective of this study is to identify a more appropriate method for the new morphology of AgO NPs by comparing different methods, with the aim of achieving stable and size-controlled AgO NPs. The observation techniques employed included XRD, FE-SEM, UV–visible, PL spectroscopy, zeta potential analysis, and DLS analysis. AgO NPs created via hydrothermal method without the use of PLA had a small crystallite size (38.4 nm) with a cubic structure, according to XRD data; in contrast, AgO NPs prepared with PLA had a smaller crystallite size (9.4 nm), and the diffraction peaks showed a cubic structure with high crystal quality. FE-SEM micrograph showed that AgO NPs produced hydrothermally without PLA had particles ranging from 15 to 57 nm and a spherical shape, whereas those produced with PLA had lower crystallite sizes ranging from 15 to 31 nm. UV–vis observations revealed a blue shift in energy gap values, from 4.2 eV for AgO NPs using the hydrothermal method without the PLA technique to 4.25 eV for AgO NPs using the PLA technique. PL spectroscopy showed that AgO NPs without PLA emitted around 3.7 eV, but those with PLA emitted more than 5.5 eV. The hydrothermal preparation of AgO NPs resulted in inhibition zones measuring 32.5 mm for gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) without using PLA, while using the PLA method yielded an inhibition zone of 29.5 mm. The zeta potential value of AgO NPs by the hydrothermal method without PLA is −16.14 mV, whereas the zeta potential value of AgO NPs using the PLA technique is −18.19 mV. To the best of the author's knowledge, comparison between AgO NPs preparation using mixing the wild shrimp extract and Ag 2 NO 3 salt via hydrothermal without and with PLA technique is a novel concept that has not been documented in any research papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) were successfully prepared by mixing iron (III) chloride (FeCl 3) salt with henna leaf extract using a simple chemical method with and without applied pulsed laser ablation (PLA) (Nd-YAG). It was found that the bio-molecules inside the henna leaves extract played a significant role in converting the iron salts into IONPs. The PLA technique affected the size, shape, purity, and phases of iron oxide NPs from Fe 2 O 3 to FeO. Fe 2 O 3 and FeO NPs play a crucial role in the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye in water treatment. IONPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet (UV–vis), and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. XRD results showed a small crystallite size (50 nm) with hexagonal structure (hematite) forFe 2 O 3 NPs without using PLA, while for FeO NPs prepared by PLA, the crystallite size was smaller (24 nm) and the diffraction peaks indicated a cubic structure with excellent crystal quality. SEM showed the grain size of Fe 2 O 3 NPs was approximately 69.92 nm, while for the FeO NPs, it was approximately 56.60 nm when PLA was applied. UV–vis measurements indicated a blue shift for the energy gap value from 2.75 eV for Fe 2 O 3 NPs eV to 3.3 eV for FeO NPs. PL spectroscopy revealed the band edge emission was approximately 3.57 eV for Fe 2 O 3 NPs without PLA, while the band edge emission exceeded 3.63 eV for FeO NPs with PLA application. Moreover, the photocatalytic activity of NPs was demonstrated by the degradation of MB dye under average light irradiation. The results indicate that the synthesized FeO NPs prepared by PLA exhibited higher degradation efficiency, reaching 95 % at 50 min with high photocatalytic activity than the Fe 2 O 3 without PLA, for which the degradation efficiency was 88 % at 70 min. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]