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The tin bronze- x Cr 3 C 2 -graphite composites (x = 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%) were fabricated by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering. Fine-scale uniform distribution of composites was achieved. The Cr 3 C 2 particles enhanced the mechanical properties and wear resistance of copper-based composites. The as-sintered tin bronze-20Cr 3 C 2 -graphite showed a hardness of 109 HV, a compressive strength of 333 MPa, and a yield strength of 219 MPa. In addition, the wear rate of as-sintered tin bronze-20Cr 3 C 2 -graphite was maintained in the order of 10−5 at 30 N, 50 N, and 70 N. The wear mechanism of the studied composites varied from surface fatigue and adhesion wear to abrasive wear with the increase of Cr 3 C 2 content during dry sliding. These findings provide a new method for developing copper-based composites with enhanced mechanical properties and wear resistance. • The tin bronze-Cr 3 C 2 -graphite composites were fabricated by powder metallurgy. • The Cr 3 C 2 particles enhanced the mechanical properties and wear resistance of copper-based composites. • The wear mechanism of the studied composites varied with the increase of Cr 3 C 2 content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cr 3 C 2 and graphite (Gr) reinforced Cu-Sn matrix composites were fabricated by powder metallurgy. The effects of Cr 3 C 2 content (5, 10, 15, 20 wt%) on the microstructure, mechanical properties and tribological properties of studied composites were investigated. The results showed that Cr 3 C 2 particles were well bonded to the copper matrix. The as-sintered Cu-Sn/20Cr 3 C 2 /5Gr composite achieved a microhardness of 120 HV, an ultimate compressive strength of 330 MPa, and a yield strength of 206.49 MPa. Cr 3 C 2 particles improved the high-temperature stability of the composite with a softening temperature of 800 ℃. In addition, Cr 3 C 2 particles had an inhibitory effect on plastic deformation and adhesive contact during wear, improving the wear resistance of composites. The average friction coefficient and wear rate of Cu-Sn/20Cr 3 C 2 /5Gr were 0.32 and 2.48 × 10-5 mm3·N−1·m−1, respectively. It was worth noting that the dominant wear mechanisms of the studied composites changed with increased Cr 3 C 2 content, from adhesive wear to abrasive wear. This work was beneficial for developing copper matrix composites with high-temperature stability and enhanced wear resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]