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Radical therapy takes advantage of the reactive oxygen species produced in greater quantities within tumor cells than in normal cells. Here, for the first time, we explore a TiO 2 nanoparticle mediated microwave induced radical therapy (termed as Microdynamic Therapy ) as a new cancer treatment method. The experiments in vitro and in vivo demonstrate that colloidal TiO 2 nanoparticles could significantly suppress the growth of osteosarcomas, even under low power (5 W) microwave (MW) irradiation for 5 min. The high photocatalytic activity of TiO 2 nanoparticles efficiently utilizes the microwave-induced plasmonic effect for the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, TiO 2 nanoparticles exhibit a higher cytotoxicity on cancer cells (osteosarcoma UMR-106 cells) than on normal cells (mouse fibroblast L929 cells). The effectiveness of TiO 2 nanoparticles for microwave induced radical therapy demonstrates that this is a new landmark approach to treating cancers. A new trend for cancer therapeutics is to design and develop drugs that exploit the microenvironment and metabolism of malignant tumors. Radical therapy takes advantage of the reactive oxygen species produced in greater quantities within the tumor cells than in normal cells. Here, for the first time, we explore a TiO 2 nanoparticle mediated microwave induced radical therapy (termed as Microdynamic Therapy ) as a new method for cancer treatment. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that colloidal TiO 2 nanoparticles could significantly suppress the growth of osteosarcomas. The effectiveness of TiO 2 nanoparticles for microwave induced radical therapy proves that this is a new landmark approach on treating cancers. Unlabelled Image [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]