Search

With the rapid proliferation of the advanced metering infrastructure, the smart grid is evolving towards increased customer participation. It is now possible for a utility to influence the customer demand profile via demand side management techniques such as real-time pricing and incentives. Energy storage devices play a critical role in this context, and must be optimally utilized. For instance, the peak power demands can be shaved by charging (discharging) the batteries during periods of low (high) demand. This paper considers the problem of optimal battery usage under real-time and non-stationary prices. The problem is formulated as a finite-horizon optimization problem, and solved via an online stochastic algorithm that is provably near-optimal. The proposed approach gives rise to a class of algorithms that utilize the battery state-of-charge to make usage decisions in real-time. The proposed algorithms are simple to implement, provably convergent for a wide class of non-stationary prices, easy to modify for a variety of use cases, and outperform the state-of-the-art techniques, such as those based on the theory of Markov decision processes or Lyapunov optimization. The robustness and flexibility of the proposed algorithms is tested extensively via numerical studies in MATLAB and real time digital simulator (RTDS). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Algorithm-based technique to handle time-spoofed information in FASE algorithm. • Impact of GPS spoofing attack on PMU based state estimation in real-time. • Test bed development using actual field devices to emulate GPS spoofing attack. State estimators process the field measurements to estimate the system states. Synchrophasor measurements, with its time-stamped data, can be included in the state estimation algorithm to improve the estimator performance. Processing large number of measurements at a single processor increases its computational complexity. Two level parallel estimation algorithms, based on some decomposition-coordination strategy, can be utilized to overcome this drawback. PMU measurements can also be utilized to adjust the area angles, apart from being used as input measurements, in the coordination step of such parallel algorithms. However, PMUs are prone to cyber attacks, like GPS spoofing attack. This paper studies the impact of GPS spoofing attack on synchrophasor-assisted power system state estimation algorithm at the estimation level as well as the coordination level. A test set-up using actual field devices is developed to emulate a real-time attack. An attack detection and handling strategy is also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]