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Single Point Insulin Sensitivity Estimator (SPISE) index was recently introduced as a reliable indirect indicator of insulin resistance, applicable to large population-based research. Here, we aimed to 1) examine racial/ethnic differences in SPISE index among US adults, 2) compare predictive power of SPISE index for metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) by race/ethnicity, and 3) evaluate its predictive power for MetSyn against other well-known IR indices including Triglyceride/HDL-C, Triglyceride-glucose index, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, and inverse fasting insulin. A total of 2168 adults (814 white, 690 black, and 664 Hispanic) from NHANES 2017-March 2020 Pre-Pandemic Data was analyzed in this study. MetSyn was defined by the AHA/NHLBI criteria. SPISE index and insulin resistance indices were calculated by using physical and cardiometabolic parameters. SPISE index was lowest in Hispanic, followed by black and white, with no difference between white vs. black. The area under the curve of receiver operating characteristics of SPISE index for predicting MetSyn was highest in white (88 %), followed by Hispanic (86 %) and black (82 %) (P < 0.05 vs. black), with optimal cutoffs of 5.03, 4.84, and 4.89, respectively. In the total cohort, the predictive power of the SPISE index for MetSyn was 85 %, higher than the other insulin resistance indices (all P < 0.05). SPISE index outperforms various insulin resistance indices for predicting MetSyn in US adults, signifying its potential in large-scale observational studies. Race/ethnicity should be stratified when using the SPISE index as its predictive power and cutoffs for predicting MetSyn vary by race/ethnicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, the single-point insulin sensitivity estimator (SPISE) has been developed as a simple surrogate of insulin resistance based on BMI, triglycerides (TG), and HDL-C. However, no studies have focused on the predictive power of the SPISE index for identifying metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) in Korean adults. Here, this study aimed to estimate the predictive power of the SPISE index for determining MetSyn and to compare its predictive power with other insulin sensitivity/resistance indices in South Korean adults. A total of 7837 participants from the 2019 and 2020 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys were analyzed in the present study. MetSyn was defined by the AHA/NCEP criteria. In addition, HOMA-IR, inverse insulin, TG/HDL, TyG index (triglyceride-glucose index), and SPISE index were calculated based on the previous literature. Predictive power of the SPISE index for determining MetSyn (ROC-AUC [95 % CI] = 0.90 [0.90–0.91], sensitivity = 83.4 %, specificity = 82.2 %, cut-off point = 6.14, p <.001) was higher than that of HOMA-IR (ROC-AUC: 0.81), inverse insulin (ROC-AUC: 0.76), TG/HDL-C (ROC-AUC: 0.87), and TyG index (ROC-AUC: 0.88), the P value for ROC-AUC comparison <.001. SPISE index has demonstrated superior predictive value for diagnosing MetSyn regardless of sex and is strongly correlated with blood pressure compared with other surrogate indices of insulin resistance, attesting to its utility as a reliable indicator of insulin resistance and MetSyn in Korean adults. • The predictive power of the SPISE index is superior to that of HOMA-IR, inverse insulin, TG/HDL-C, and TyG index for MetSyn. • SPISE index correlates with anthropometric measurements and cardiometabolic disease risk factors. • SPISE index has a very large effect size profile between non-obese individuals and obese individuals regardless of sex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heart failure (HF) is a condition caused by a malfunction of the heart's pumping function. The single-point insulin sensitivity estimator (SPISE) index is a novel indicator for assessing insulin resistance in humans. However, the connection between the SPISE index and the risk of HF in the elderly is unknown. Therefore, our study aims to evaluate the connection between the SPISE index and HF in older adults. The study was based on data collected from the 1999–2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database and included 6165 participants aged ≥60 years. The multivariable linear regression model and the smooth fitting curve model were applied to investigate the connection between the SPISE index and HF in the elderly. Furthermore, the subgroup analysis was performed to investigate the interactive factors. In this study, the mean age of the population was 69.38 years. After adjusting for all covariates, we observed that the SPISE index was inversely related to the prevalence of HF (OR = 0.87, 95 % CI = 0.80–0.94, P < 0.001) in older adults. The interaction analysis showed that the association might be affected by diabetes mellitus and smoking status. Additionally, an inflection point between the SPISE index and HF was found among older women. An inverse correlation was detected between the SPISE index and HF in the elderly. This could provide new insight into the prevention and management of HF in the elderly population. • Limited articles have assessed the SPISE index and heart failure in the elderly. • A higher SPISE index was significantly associated with a lower prevalence of heart failure in the elderly. • The relationship presented an inflection point that was found among female individuals, but not in the male population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]