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This study aims to analyse knowledge spillovers across semiconductor companies through two channels with time evolution. Depending upon the wafer diameters, this study divided the technological development into three periods: 6 in. (1976–1991), 8 in. (1989–1999) and 12 in. (1997–2011). R&D cooperation and patent citations were used to measure the strong ties and weak ties of knowledge spillover networks. Adopting patent bibliometrics and social network analysis, this study examined main companies' network structures and channels of knowledge spillovers. Results showed that semiconductor-related knowledge spilled over more efficiently through weak ties than through strong ties. Furthermore, it was found that strong ties could be used to monitor the development of shared technologies, and weak ties could be used to monitor the development of specific technologies. During the period of the 6-inch wafer diameter, companies that had high degrees of centrality in both strong and weak ties of knowledge spillovers included: Toshiba, Mitsubishi, NEC, Hitachi and National Semi. During the period of the 8-inch wafer diameter, such companies included: STMicroelectronics, Mitsubishi, NEC, TI, Toshiba, Siemens and Philips. During the 12-inch wafer diameter, such companies included: Samsung, Toshiba, NEC and STMicroelectronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study reports a content analysis of the frequency distribution of diversity-related research in four high-impact Library and Information Science (LIS) journals published between 1995 and 2014. High-impact journals (with high rankings and impact factors) were chosen because empirically based articles from them are more likely to be able to influence future research direction. The journals chosen were published articles quarterly or bi-monthly, with an average of 5–6 articles per issue. A total of 1766 research articles were collected, with 28.71% determined to be related to diversity. Results show an increasing interest in diversity-related research in the LIS field, with a dramatic increase between 2010 and 2014. The majority of diversity-related research focuses on age, gender and ethnicity. Only a small portion of research discusses issues concerning specific populations and emphasizes diversity-related theoretical concepts. More efforts are needed to highlight the link in order to contribute to the diversity and inclusion agenda in LIS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analysed the citations of patents to science- and non-science-based references as an agency of the linkage between technology and science. A review of the literature identified a variety of techniques of measuring science linkage (SL) with various results. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the differences between science-based SL and non-science-based linkage (NSL). Patent data were collected from the United States Patent and Trademark Office database for the past two decades. Results showed a phenomenon of rapidly growing NSL of patents at different levels of technological fields and firms. In addition, field- and firm-specific differences in the linkages between science and technology were identified. This study analysed various types of SL performances of the top 20 firms in the Computers and Communications field and found that science–technology linkages were stronger in Lucent, Mitsubishi and Microsoft. It is worth noting that Texas Instruments (TI) was ranked thirteenth in science-based SL but third in Relative SL Ratio. Based on the Relative SL Ratio, TI's science-based SL was much higher than its NSL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]