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A novel colorimetric and ratiometric fluorescent probe CHa based on Ag + -induced hydrolysis of hydrazone was designed and synthesized. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time the ratiometric sensing of Ag + based on a chemical reaction has been accomplished. When Ag + was added to a solution of CHa , a visible color change from yellow to colorless and a fluorescence color change from yellow to blue were observed. Probe CHa displayed a 203-fold enhancement of the fluorescence intensity ratio (I 450nm /I 520nm ) toward Ag + with outstanding sensitivity, high selectivity and a low detection limit (LOD 61 nM). Moreover, CHa was successfully applied to the ratiometric imaging of Ag + in HepG2 and HeLa cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]