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This study investigates the enhancement of amine-based chemical absorption for CO 2 capture in the power industry, focusing on reducing energy consumption through the implementation of a Heat Integrated Stripper (HIS) with built-in heat exchangers. Despite its theoretical promise, there is a lack of experimental validation for the HIS modification. The research aims to assess the effectiveness of the modified stripper compared to the standard process, utilizing pilot plant data from Jaworzno and Łaziska Power Plants in Poland. Collaborating with the TAURON Group, a key player in the Polish energy sector, pilot tests employed a mobile plant with a 200 m3/h nominal gas flow rate. MEA 30% solvent was used in the pilot tests, and the results underwent data reconciliation for mass balances, heat losses, and process heat duty. The study reveals that heat integration positively influences the temperature profile in the stripper, leading to increased CO 2 capture without additional heat input. With the escalating prices of CO 2 emission allowances, this research addresses a crucial aspect of the national economy. The findings provide a foundation for the design of a scaled-up CO 2 capture process incorporating HIS, offering potential solutions to mitigate the environmental impact of power generation. • Complex analysis of gas separation by chemical absorption. • Energy efficiency analysis of advanced CO2 capture process based on pilot studies. • Heat-Integrated Stripper reduces amine scrubber energy use by 7%. • The most reliable operating parameters of the carbon dioxide capture process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The densities and pH of partially carbonated aqueous ammonia solutions were measured at 20 °C. • The relation between CO 2 loading of the solution and its pH was derived from chemical equilibrium of the NH 3 -H 2 O-CO 2 system. • Using the fact that the increase in mass is proportional to CO 2 loading, a model derived from the definition of the density. • Presented method for determining CO2 loading using pH and density measurements proved successful on real process samples. The densities and pH of partially carbonated aqueous ammonia solutions were measured at 20 °C. With increasing carbon dioxide loading, increases in density and decreases in pH were observed. These results were used to produce correlations for aqueous ammonia solution loading as a function of ammonia concentration, density, and pH. The correlations are based on first principles to increase predictive capabilities. The predictive capacity of three correlations, having different complexity, was compared. The ensemble of models using both density and pH proved to be superior to correlations based on density or pH separately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a thermodynamic analysis of a carbon dioxide absorption process from flue gases, focusing on the Heat Integrated Stripper (HIS) as a promising modification to the conventional process. The primary objective is to compare the performance of the HIS-modified process with that of the standard process. Experimental research was conducted on a mobile pilot plant using aqueous solutions of MEA 30% for treating 200 m3/h of the flue gas. An advanced data validation and reconciliation method was used to reconcile measurements in the mass balancing of the carbon dioxide absorption process. The results demonstrate that heat integration has a positive impact on the temperature profile of the stripper, leading to an increase in carbon dioxide capture without requiring additional heat consumption. Specifically, the reboiler heat duty in the process was reduced from 3.22 to 3.00 MJ/kg CO2 , indicating the effectiveness of the HIS-modified process in reducing energy consumption. The use of the advanced data validation and reconciliation method also increases the reliability of the obtained results, which can be beneficial for process modeling and design. These findings contribute to the development of more efficient carbon capture technologies. •Thermodynamic analysis of gas separation by chemical absorption. •Energy efficiency analysis of advanced CO 2 capture process based on pilot studies. •Heat-Integrated Stripper reduces amine scrubber energy use by 7%. •Advanced data validation and reconciliation for balance equation fulfillment. •The most reliable operating parameters of the carbon dioxide capture process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Experimental pilot data results using an aqueous 2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethanol (AEEA) compared to ethanolamine (MEA) solution. Data provided for various flow configurations, for systems having patented interheated reboiler unskillful running of the pilot CO 2 removal process with AEEA solution can lead to excessive heat consumption, higher than for MEA. • For three different absorbent flow configurations (standard, multi absorber feed, and split flow) with AEEA solution used the lowest reboiler heat duty was obtained for the split flow system. • Running the AEEA CO 2 capture process with the split flow system almost 10 per cent point lower reboiler heat duty than for MEA at the same L/G ratio was achieved. The goal of reducing the energy consumption of the CO 2 removal process from flue gas may be pursued by modifying the process flow system, insertion of new technical solutions or developing new solvents. This paper provides data and discussion of the pilot plant experimental results using an aqueous 2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethanol (AEEA) compared to ethanolamine (MEA) solution. The post-combustion carbon capture pilot plant study was conducted with stripper inter-heating for advanced various flow systems, mainly for multi absorber feed (MAF) process setups, namely one with the lean amine stream being split 50/50 and served at different heights of the absorption column. A comparison with the standard (S) and split flow (SF) process flow modification has been also performed. The test showed that unskillful running of the process with AEEA solution can lead to excessive heat consumption, higher than for MEA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to present the testing of a 30 wt% solution of ethanolamine (MEA) in an advanced CO 2 capture pilot plant. The mobile pilot plant, designed, constructed and operated by the Institute for Chemical Processing of Coal (IChPW) in cooperation with industrial partners: TAURON Polska Energia and TAURON Wytwarzanie, was used to carry out trials at the Jaworzno II Power Plant in Poland. Thanks to flexible technological design, numerous process flows sheet modifications were tested. The use of split flow or inter-stage absorber cooling is demonstrated and compared to the standard amine process. Presented modifications resulted in an increase of CO 2 recovery ranging from 3% to 8%, whilst reducing the reboiler heat duty by about 5%. The correlation of CO 2 recovery, reboiler heat duty and process parameters (solvent loading, L/G ratio) has been established for numerous process flow sheet modifications. The tests provide valuable experimental evidence for modifications described in the literature, mainly through modelling and demonstrate that flow sheet modifications, despite the increase in plant complexity, are worth considering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Institute for Chemical Processing of Coal in cooperation with industrial partners: TAURON Polska Energia S.A. and TAURON Wytwarzanie S.A. designed, constructed and operated pilot plant at Łaziska Power Plant in Łaziska Górne, Poland. The carbon capture facility is based on amine post-combustion process technology and used 30 wt% aqueous ethanolamine solvent. Approximately 1000 kilograms of CO 2 can be captured per day from flue gas stream of 200 m 3 /h of a 225MWe hard coal fired boiler. The plant captured its first tonne of CO 2 in August 2013. The purpose of this study is to present initial results from tests carried out at Łaziska Power Plant using different process flow sheets: heat-integrated stripping column and split flow process. The tests provide valuable experimental evidence for modifications described in the literature, mainly through modelling and demonstrate that flow sheet modifications, despite the increase in plant complexity, are worth to consider. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A study discussing the possibility to reduce the energy efficiency design index for ships through a post-combustion carbon capture process. • Analysis conducted for different ambient scenarios: standard ISO, arctic and tropical. • The study focuses on demonstration to what extent it is possible to use waste heat as a source of energy for the carbon capture process for ships. • The PCC system has a positive impact on the EEDI reduction and CO 2 and SO 2 emission abatement. This paper discusses the possibility to reduce the energy efficiency design index for ships through a post-combustion carbon capture process. The post-combustion carbon capture process, successfully implemented in the electricity generation sector, allows reduction of CO 2 emissions of existing units using fossil fuels with relative simplicity. An assessment of implementing an amine-based carbon capture system onboard of the ship is presented. The analysis covers the energy requirements of the entire system including SO 2 removal, carbon capture and CO 2 compression. Simulations, conducted for different ambient conditions, revealed that the highest CO 2 emission, translating into a reduction of the EEDI, is possible in tropical conditions. The energy efficiency reduction is possible also in arctic conditions to a lesser extent. The post-combustion carbon capture process seems to be a promising technology as the method to reduce the EEDI for ships. An additional advantage is the possibility to retrofit existing constructions as the implementation requires no significant changes in the ship propulsion system. Finally, the nature of the amine-based carbon capture process, aimed to remove acidic exhaust gas components, supports SO 2 emission reduction, making the exhaust gas practically sulfur-free. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fossil fuel depletion, global warming, climate change, and steep hikes in the price of fuel are driving scientists to investigate commercial and environmentally friendly energy carriers like hydrogen. Steam methane reforming (SMR), a current commercial route for H 2 production, has been considered the best remedy to fulfill the requirements. Despite the remarkable quantity of H 2 produced by the SMR, this technology still faces major challenges such as catalyst deactivation due to the sintering of metal nanoparticles, coking, and generation of a large quantity of CO 2. Firstly, the effects of catalyst types, kinetic models, and operating conditions on high-yield H 2 production, the evolution path from gray to blue, via the conventional SMR are comprehensively reviewed. Secondly, exploiting intensified techniques such as membrane technology, sorption, fluidization, and chemical looping for SMR to blue H 2 are discussed in detail. Further, a novel and sustainable path for the SMR process, hybridizing the use of novel materials and emerging technologies to produce turquoise H 2 , is proposed. Finally, the critical points for steam reforming process technology that can help leverage environmental, social, and governance (ESG) profiling have been discussed. [Display omitted] • Evolution path from gray to turquoise H 2 via catalytic SMR is discussed. • Recent advances in catalysis, kinetic models, and operating conditions are reviewed. • The importance of SMR process intensification for blue H 2 production is highlighted. • A novel and sustainable path for the SMR process to efficiently produce turquoise H 2 is proposed. • Key points for SMR technology that can help leverage ESG profiling are listed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The pilot plant for energy storage in the form of synthetic natural gas is presented. • The pilot-scale initial results of conversion CO 2 to methane using hydrogen from water electrolysis are described. • The impact of of process parameters on the conversion of CO 2 is presented. • Methanation of CO 2 is successfully demonstrated in a microchannel reactor. This article presents preliminary results of the methanation process using CO 2 from amine scrubbing. The studies were carried out at the CO 2 -SNG pilot plant. The installation was built by TAURON Wytwarzanie S.A. at the Łaziska Power Plant in Poland. After the commissioning, the Institute for Chemical Processing of Coal (IChPW) was responsible for conducting research. Synthetic methane (SNG) is produced by the reaction of CO 2 captured from flue gas (using amine absorption) with H 2 obtained from water electrolysis. The methanation reaction takes place in a two-stage catalytic reactor. After the compression the SNG could be used as a fuel for internal combustion engines (CNG). This paper describes in detail the construction of the pilot plant as well as the guidelines for the methanation process. Furthermore, the impact of process gas flow, reactor temperature and system pressure on the conversion of CO 2 to methane is presented. The tests were carried out at process gas flows in the range of 9.9–23.0 m3 N /h, at pressures of 1.5–3.0 bar a and temperatures of 280–350 °C. The maximum obtained CO 2 conversion was 98%. The produced SNG consisted of about 82% of methane, 13% of hydrogen and 5% of CO 2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]