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Abstract: Nano-scale materials with attached biomolecules on the surface can be used as bioprobes in cell and tissue analysis. The conjugation of these nanoparticles with biomolecules is one of the key steps in the development of bioprobes. In this work nanometer-sized diamonds (5 and 100 nm) are functionalized and conjugated with protein lysozyme via physical adsorption. The process of creating functional groups on the nanodiamond surface is studied using Fourier Transform Infrared-spectroscopy (FTIR). The conjugation of nanodiamonds with biomolecules and nanodiamond–biomolecule interaction are analyzed with UV/VIS and FTIR spectroscopy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Functionalisation of two-dimensional (2-D) materials via low energy ion implantation could open possibilities for fabrication of devices based on such materials. Nanoscale patterning and/or electronically doping can thus be achieved, compatible with large scale integrated semiconductor technologies. Using atomic resolution High Angle Annular Dark Field (HAADF) scanning transmission electron microscopy supported by image simulation, we show that sites and chemical nature of individual implants/ dopants in graphene, as well as impurities in hBN, can uniquely and directly be identified on grounds of their position and their image intensity in accordance with predictions from Z-contrast theories. Dopants in graphene (e.g., N) are predominantly substitutional. In other 2-Ds, e.g. dichalcogenides, the situation is more complicated since implants can be embedded in different layers and substitute for different elements. Possible configurations of Se-implants in MoS 2 are discussed and image contrast calculations performed. Implants substituting for S in the top or bottom layer can undoubtedly be identified. We show, for the first time, using HAADF contrast measurement that successful Se-integration into MoS 2 can be achieved via ion implantation, and we demonstrate the possibility of HAADF image contrast measurements for identifying impurities and dopants introduced into in 2-Ds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The surface properties of nanodiamonds play a decisive role in many nanodiamond applications, particularly in bio- and medical applications. The surface functional groups largely determine the interactions and conjugations between nanodiamonds and biomolecules. In this work, the spectroscopic properties of surface-carboxylated nanodiamonds with an average diameter of 100 nm are investigated, focusing on the temperature dependence of the surface Cing frequency. The Cing frequency was found to be sensitive to temperature. Observed water molecules from temperature desorption confirmed that the Cing frequency shifts were associated with the formation of hydrogen bonds. Other molecules were also observed during the temperature treatments, associated with desorption of loosely bonded surface atoms. This work provides useful information on the surface group interactions for nanodiamond applications in nanobiotechnology. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]