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The difference in the amount of orthodontic-induced external root resorption (OIERR) of endodontically treated teeth (ETT) compared with vital pulp teeth (VPT) treatment is controversial. This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the available evidence regarding OIERR of ETT compared with VPT. PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases were searched up to May 2018 to retrieve relevant studies. The studies were evaluated for eligibility criteria, and the risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias In Non-randomised Studies of Interventions tool (Cochrane Bias Methods Group, Odense, Denmark). Weighted means of OIERR in ETT and VPT were calculated using a fixed effects model, and a random effects model was used to assess the significance of treatment effects. Eight studies were identified, from which 7 were included in the meta-analyses. The funnel plot of the random effects model exhibited a symmetrical distribution, which indicates no publication bias of the included studies. Because of the significant heterogeneity between studies, a random effects model was used. Significantly less OIERR for ETT was identified compared with their contralateral VPT. Endodontic treatment does not seem to increase OIERR. • Evidence about OIERR of ETT and VPT was assessed. • Endodontic treatment does not seem to increase OIERR. • Root canal therapy is advocated for inflamed teeth prior orthodontic treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The accuracy of using racemization to estimate age in Endo teeth is unclear. • AAR rates of 3 types of teeth were compared between vital and Endo teeth. • In all cases, the AAR rates of Endo teeth were higher than in vital teeth. • Endo teeth are unlikely to applicable to AAR analysis in forensic practice. • More study is needed to reveal the reason for high AAR rates in Endo teeth. Amino acid racemization of dentin (AAR) is among the most precise methods for age estimation in unidentified adult cadavers. Although vital teeth are generally used for this technique, cases often have endodontically treated (Endo) teeth only. Therefore, the aim of this preliminary pilot study was to determine the applicability of Endo teeth by comparing AAR rates between vital and Endo teeth. Thirty-six dentin samples from vital teeth and 18 dentin samples from Endo teeth were analyzed, including the maxillary first premolar, maxillary second molar, and mandibular second premolar. Standard calibration curves for the mandibular second premolar and maxillary second molar were compared among vital teeth, Endo teeth, and mixed vital/Endo teeth. Discrepancies between estimated and actual ages were assessed by analyzing the AAR rates for the maxillary first premolar between vital and Endo teeth. The AAR rates for Endo teeth were higher than those for vital teeth in both the mandibular second premolar and maxillary second molar, and the correlation of the standard calibration curve for vital teeth only was highest (r = 0.982836; r = 0.92011467), followed by mixed (r = 0.949579; r = 0.76158) and Endo teeth only (r = 0.896082; r = 0.744991). In the maxillary first premolar, discrepancies were more than 10 years for all 5 Endo teeth, based on the standard calibration curve of vital teeth. The present study suggests that the AAR rates for Endo teeth might be affected by variation in dentin structure between vital and Endo teeth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]