Search

• A team of scientists, patients, and clinicians formed the Aarhus PGD scale (A-PGDs). • Findings show A-PGDs to be a valid and reliable measure that can be used to operationalize both ICD-11 and DSM-5-TR PGD. • Two PGD factors, separation distress and emotional distress, were found using ESEM. • Only emotional distress (associated symptoms) was related to functional impairment. • A 3rd factor, antagonistic feelings (anger, bitterness) was found in DSM-5-TR alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Practitioners at Child Advocacy Centers (CACs) are frequently exposed to indirect trauma through their job, yet there is a lack of knowledge on how this affects them emotionally. This study aimed to investigate the levels of burnout, secondary traumatic stress (STS), and compassion satisfaction among practitioners at Norwegian CACs, and possible individual or work-related predictors. An electronic cross-sectional survey was sent to practitioners at Norwegian CACs. A total of 77 practitioners completed the survey (response rate 86.5 %). Variables were measured with the Professional Quality of Life Scale, the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire, and questions on personal traumatic experiences, support, and supervision. Bivariate and multivariate mixed effects modeling analyses and logistic regression analyses were employed. The results showed relatively low levels of burnout and STS, and high levels of compassion satisfaction, compared to other studies of child protective and child welfare professionals. Work-related factors, but not individual factors, were found to predict all three outcome variables: Burnout was predicted by transformational leadership (p =.002) and laissez-faire leadership (p =.012), secondary traumatic stress by case supervision (p =.001), and compassion satisfaction by transformational leadership (p <.000), laissez-faire leadership (p =.028), and personal supervision (p =.023). The results indicate that transformational leadership and supervision may protect against burnout and STS and promote compassion satisfaction in practitioners working at CACs. The type of supervision may be relevant, as case-focused supervision predicted STS, while personal supervision predicted compassion satisfaction. • Practitioners at Norwegian CACs report relatively low levels of burnout and STS, despite daily exposure to indirect trauma. • Work-related factors had a greater impact on levels of burnout, STS, and compassion satisfaction than individual factors. • Preventive strategies should focus on the enhancement of transformational leadership and supervision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although it is well-established that people can experience multiple traumatic events, there are few studies examining the co-occurrence of such experiences in non-Western nations. The current study sought to examine the occurrence of multiple potentially traumatic experiences (PTEs) and their associations with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among adolescents from two Asian nations. Latent class analysis (LCA) was employed to model the co-occurrence of PTEs in two school samples of adolescents from India (n = 411) and Malaysia (n = 469). Demographic correlates (i.e., sex, age, household composition, parent education) of the latent classes and the association between latent class membership and probable diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were examined. The LCA identified three latent classes for the Indian sample: 'Low Risk – moderate sexual trauma', 'Moderate Risk', and 'High Risk'. Similarly, three classes were also identified for the Malaysian sample: 'Low Risk', 'Moderate Risk', and 'High Risk'. Membership of 'Moderate Risk' was associated with male sex in both samples, and with older age and lower levels of parental education attainment in the Malaysian sample. No correlates of 'High Risk' class were identified in either sample. Membership of the 'High Risk' class was significantly associated with probable PTSD diagnosis in both samples, while membership of the 'Moderate Risk' class was associated with probable PTSD diagnosis in the Malaysian sample. Findings from this study correspond with Western studies indicating co-occurrence of PTEs to be common and to represent a salient risk factor for the development of PTSD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Self-efficacy is an important and much used construct in psychology and social science studies. The validity of the measurements used is not always sufficiently evaluated. The aim was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Danish translation of the self-efficacy subscale of The Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ-SE) within a higher education context. Rasch measurement models were employed focusing on measurement invariance and dimensionality. Results with one students sample showed the MSLQ-SE to be not one, but two separate unidimensional subscales, measuring specific academic learning self-efficacy (SAL-SE) and specific academic exam self-efficacy (SAE-SE), each scale being measurement invariant relative to age, Gender, admission method and specific course targeted. Furthermore, significant and relevant differences between the SAL-SE and SAE-SE scores dependent on university and admission method were found, and these results were replicated with two further samples. The SAL-SE and SAE-SE scales hold promise for more detailed studies of student self-efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The association between daily life changes and war-related anxiety symptoms is understudied. • We report a nationwide, opportunistic sample (N = 2,004) of adult parents in Ukraine. • The results show a positive dose-response association between the number of changes in daily life and war-related anxiety. This study sought to explore the association between changes in daily life and war-related anxiety. In this study, we analyzed self-reported data from 2,004 Ukrainian adults, obtained through an opportunistic survey in the Ukraine. Our assessment focused on changes in everyday routines and generalized anxiety symptoms since the Russian invasion of Ukraine on the 24 February 2022. The data were collected between July-September 2022. Results show a significant dose-response connection between everyday routine changes and increased war-related anxiety. Not surprisingly, the ongoing Ukraine-Russia conflict is impacting the lives of Ukrainians. These changes are linked to heightened anxiety levels. Effective population-based crisis management should consider both war-related stressors and changes in daily life routines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]