Search

Immediately loaded mandibular overdentures are clinically acceptable treatment options that have gained popularity because their use shortens the treatment duration. However, whether the immediate loading of dental implants can match the prosthetic events, satisfaction, and quality of life of delayed loading is still unclear. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the prosthetic events, satisfaction, and quality of life of immediate versus delayed loading implants in patients rehabilitated with mandibular overdentures. This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and was registered at The International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (CRD42021258187). Electronic searches were carried out by 2 independent reviewers in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases up to May 2021. Only randomized clinical trials and prospective studies with at least 10 participants that compared immediate versus delayed loading were selected. A meta-analysis was performed by using the RevMan 5 software program for complications and maintenance outcomes. Seven articles were included in the qualitative analysis, and 4 were included in the quantitative analysis. The meta-analysis demonstrated no significant difference between immediate and delayed loading for prosthetic complications (RR=1.71; 95% CI=0.67-4.37; I2=85%, P =.27) or maintenance (RR=1.92, 95% CI=0.44-8.28; I2=94%, P =.38). Although the prosthetic complications and maintenance were more likely to favor the delayed loading group, available evidence showed no statistical difference for prosthetic complications and maintenance between immediate loading and delayed loading in mandibular overdentures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Easy access to the Internet enables the creation of many online applications. In this sense, questionnaires were developed to evaluate the usability of health area online applications: the National Usability-Focused Health Information System Scale (NuHISS), the Enlight, and the User Version of the Mobile Application Rating Scale (uMARS). Those scales do not have a Portuguese (Brazil) version which is adequate to Brazil's culture. As a consequence, they can not be properly used in Brazil. To translate and cross-cultural adapt the NuHISS, Enlight, and uMARS to Portuguese (Brazil). A methodological study involving the translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the questionnaires NuHISS, Enlight, and uMARS was conducted following international guidelines recommendations. The questionnaires pass trough an initial translation, translation synthesis, back translation, expert committee, and a pre-final version test. Thirdy-two health professionals analyzed NuHiss, Enlight, and uMARS translated and cross-cultural adapted Portuguese (Brazil) version. There was conceptual equivalence between the translated and original versions, and no significant adaptations were needed during the translation process. 93.8% of professionals assume that the language is cohesive and 96.9% of them consider that the content is cohesive. The NuHISS, Enlight, and uMARS were successfully translated and cross-culturally adapted to Portuguese (Brazil) and can be properly applied in Brazil. Brazilian health professionals should use the questionnaires NuHISS, Enlight, and uMARS to evaluate health area applications usability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Access to large amounts of data, provided by continuous technological progress, becomes increasingly important for organisations. The access to data becomes even more useful when managers consult structured information in real time. This requires the adoption of data analysis techniques that, at a strategic level, allow the definition of business goals according to pre-defined objectives, and which help companies in their functional activities. With Data Science, Data Mining and Machine Learning platforms allow the development of decision support systems, capable of establishing patterns between data and making truly useful predictions for decision support. The methodology used in this work aims to combine Data Science methods, such as Data Mining and Machine Learning, in order to demonstrate the importance of transforming data into organised and oriented information to support decision making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This exploratory analysis of the randomized controlled Aortic Surgery Cerebral Protection Evaluation CardioLink-3 trial sought to determine if cerebral oximetry desaturation during elective proximal arch repair is associated with detrimental postoperative neuroradiologic and neurofunctional outcomes. Cerebral oximetry and pre- and postoperative brain magnetic resonance imaging data from 101 participants were analyzed. Oximetry data from the trial allocation groups were compared; the relationships between cerebral oximetry indices and new ischemic cerebral lesions on magnetic resonance imaging and neurologic outcomes were also evaluated. Total cerebral desaturation events (>20% decrease from baseline) on the left (median [interquartile range], 1 [1-3] vs 1.5 [0.5-3] with innominate and axillary cannulation; P =.80) were comparable to those on the right (1 [1-3] vs 1 [0-3]; P =.75) as were the total area under the curve of desaturation (left, P =.61; right, P =.84). Seventy patients had new ischemic lesions, among whom 36 had new severe lesions. Total desaturation events and area under the curve of desaturation were similar in patients with and without new ischemic lesions or severe lesions. The nadir regional cerebral saturation was lower on the left (49% [41-56]) than the right (53% [44-59]); left desaturation episodes were associated with lower postoperative cognitive test scores (P =.004). The innominate and axillary cannulation techniques for elective proximal arch repair with unilateral antegrade cerebral perfusion were associated with similar occurrences of cerebral oximetry desaturation and neither were associated with new ischemic lesions. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Sr isotopes prove valuable in illegal timber investigations. • Pilot study reveals Sr isotope signatures in Brazilwood. • Challenges and promises in Sr isotope timber provenance. • Method ruled out questioned samples' origin in Brazilwood National Park. The illicit exploitation of Brazilwood (Paubrasilia echinata) presents a significant challenge in Brazil, given its substantial value in the global production of bows for musical instruments. To address timber provenance, the use of strontium (Sr) isotope ratios as indicators of bedrock signatures has emerged as a robust tool in forensic investigations. In this study, we critically evaluate the efficacy of this approach using Sr isotope data derived from bulk soils and trees collected at two distinct sites in Brazil. Despite the statistically indistinguishable 87Sr/86Sr ratios observed in the investigated tree species, the compiled 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratios of Brazilwood from Brazilwood National Park (PNPB) and the ES Group provide valuable insights into the potential application of this method for tracing forensic timber seizures. This pilot study also addresses crucial sampling considerations. While the regional signatures exhibit clear distinctions, the limited sample sizes underscore the necessity for supplementary methods to confidently attribute timber to a specific source forest. In isolation, this method proves most effective in refuting presumed timber provenances rather than definitively confirming them. The discussion delves into the nuances of the Sr isotope data, emphasizing the importance of increasing the number of samples and exploring complementary techniques for a more comprehensive and reliable assessment of timber origin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The consequences of edentulism depend on its complexity and are far-reaching, but limited evidence regarding its association with neurologic health is available. The purpose of this systematic review was to establish the relationship between oral prosthetic rehabilitation and the regional increase in brain activity. This systematic review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42021262247), and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guideline was followed. Randomized clinical trials, prospective studies comparing the brain activity of patients rehabilitated with and without the use of dental prostheses, and studies that analyzed the human brain by using noninvasive techniques were used as inclusion criteria. The risk of bias in each study was assessed by using the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies–of Interventions (ROBINS-I). The search was carried out in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and https://clinicaltrials.gov databases up to June 2021. After a search conducted by 2 reviewers, 8 articles were included in the review. A regional increase in blood flow and regional cerebral activity during dental prosthesis use was identified in the studies. A positive association was found between the different types of prosthetic rehabilitation and brain function. Prostheses may preserve and restore neurological health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zirconia has become popular for dental implant abutments in the esthetic zone but can damage the implant connection interface. Studies have been conducted to compare zirconia abutments with conventional titanium abutments; however, a consensus or systematic review is lacking. The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the performance of abutments made of zirconia and titanium in relation to wear and misfit at the implant-abutment interface. Electronic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science) were independently searched by 2 researchers for relevant studies published up to June 2021. The population, intervention, comparison, outcome (PICO) question was "Do zirconia abutments cause greater wear at the implant-abutment interface than titanium abutments under occlusal forces?" Eligible studies included in vitro studies that evaluated changes in the surface of external and/or internal connections and single and/or multiple, screwed and/or cemented prostheses rehabilitated with titanium and zirconia abutments submitted to mechanical cycling. Nine studies were included for qualitative analysis. A total of 172 specimens were analyzed, 86 zirconia and 86 titanium abutments. In terms of wear on the implant connection surface, zirconia abutments caused more severe wear, more scratches, and more rounding of the hexagonal angles at the implant connection interface than titanium abutments. In terms of misfit at the connection interface, zirconia abutments showed greater misfit than titanium abutments. Zirconia abutments produce more wear at the titanium implant connection interface, titanium abutments showed better fit to the implant connection interface, and the fit can be influenced by the abutment manufacturing method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enterococcus faecalis is the most common enterococcal species associated with infective endocarditis and 1 of the most commonly detected bacteria in cases of secondary/persistent endodontic infection (SPEI). Antimicrobial resistance is a global public health concern. This review aimed to answer the following research question: "Is there a change in the antibiotic resistance profile in clinical strains of E. faecalis over the years?". P (population) - patients with SPEI, I (intervention) –endodontic retreatment, C (comparison) -not included, O (outcome) - profile of Enterococci resistance and susceptibility to systemic antibiotics used. Two authors independently performed study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. The literature search was conducted using the following electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Medline. Clinical studies in which Enterococci strains were isolated to assess their antimicrobial resistance were included. Eleven clinical trials were included. Overall, E. faecalis isolated from teeth with SPEI presented an intermediate resistance to 16 antibiotics. In recent years, E. faecalis showed a little resistance to amoxicillin (without clavulanate) and benzylpenicillin. Erythromycin and rifampicin presented an increase in the intermediate-resistance status between the first and the last studies. E. faecium presented intermediate-resistance results. The most effective drugs remain the combination of amoxicillin and clavulanate, followed by amoxicillin and benzylpenicillin. In patients allergic to penicillin derivatives, moxifloxacin and azithromycin may be indicated with caution. The antibiotics with the highest pattern of resistance against E. faecalis are clindamycin, gentamicin, metronidazole, and rifampicin and are therefore, contraindicated in cases of SPEI. Very few clinical studies using a microbiological approach in teeth with endodontic failure have been carried out to improve the efficacy of prophylactic regimens. However, as bacteria periodically develop resistance to the main drugs used, regular studies should be carried out on the action of these drugs in infection control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bothrops atrox is an endemic crotaline snake of the Amazon region, and due to its wide distribution and ample abundance it is the most responsible for snakebites that require medical attention in the North region of Brazil, with the state of Pará having the highest rate of incidences. B. atrox is also a key crotaline species in medical research and its venom has been intensively studied during recent years. As intraspecific variation of its venom between populations from floodplains and upland areas were reported and these differences in venom composition were likely related to a variable feeding ecology of the snakes inhabiting the different ecosystems. We confirmed that habitat variation influenced the external head and venom gland morphology of B. atrox i.e., in floodplains snakes had a smaller head size, venom gland size and mass compared to snakes from the other sampled habitats around western Pará. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, there is growing interest in the potential use of lactoferrin (LTF), a member of the transferrin family, for the improvement of tissue healing. In this sense, a literature search was conducted to integrate data published on the effect of LTF on jawbone repair. PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, LILACS, and Cochrane databases were retrieved according to the PRISMA 2020 statement. Articles in English, Spanish, and Portuguese were recovered, with no year restriction. In vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies were selected. A total of 742 articles were retrieved, 11 of which met the inclusion criteria (5 in vitro and 5 in vivo studies, and one clinical trial). The included data demonstrated wide variations in study design and LTF therapy protocols. Cell proliferation and viability were the primary outcomes evaluated in the in vitro studies, all of which reported a potential effect of LTF on the repair process. Of three in vivo studies, one reported a reduction in the overall healing rate, whereas the other two showed that LTF inhibited bone resorption and increased bone formation. The clinical trial's findings showed that LTF is a potential promoter of wound repair in patients with medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws. Overall, data from the studies support a potential effect of LTF therapy on the process of jawbone repair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During a helminthological survey of snakes in the Cerrado Biome in Maranhão State, Brazil, we found intestinal nematodes in Leptodeira annulata (Linnaeus), belonging to the genus Oxyascaris Travassos, 1920. We observed that the specimens found are distinct from their congeners by the combination of presented characters, mainly the cuticular expansion at the anterior region of the body, presence of a single papilla at the anterior cloacal lip, number, and arrangement of caudal papillae, presence of somatic papillae along body cuticle, as well as some morphometric characters. Thus, we describe the new species using light and scanning electron microscopy and, revise the morphological characters used to identify Oxyascaris spp. and propose a key to the species of the genus. Therefore, we describe the seventh species in the genus, the second reported to parasitize snakes, the sixth species recorded in Brazil, and the first described in the Cerrado Biome. [Display omitted] • A new species of Oxyascaris from Brazil. • The seventh species of Oxyascaris. • Key to species of Oxyascaris. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study describes a new species of nematode, Orientatractis matosi n. sp. (Atractidae), from the stomach and large intestine of Podocnemis unifilis Troschel, 1848 (Testudinidae), collected in the Tocantins and Xingu rivers in the Brazilian state of Pará. The new species was described using light and scanning electron microscopy and differs from its congeners mainly in the number and distribution of the male caudal papillae and by having a shorter right spicule. Orientatracits matosi n. sp. is the eleventh species of the genus Orientatractis Petter, 1966, the third reported from the Amazon, and the second described from P. unifilis. [Display omitted] • Orientatractis matosi n. sp. (Atractidae) is a new parasite of Podocnemis unifilis (Testudines: Podocnemididae) from the Amazon region. • This is the second known species of the genus Orientatractis in P. unifilis. • Orientatractis matosi n. sp. has nine pairs of caudal papillae and the shortest right spicule amongst its congeners. • Orientatractis matosi n. sp. is the third species reported from the Amazon region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The genus Serpinema Yeh, 1960 allocates parasitic nematodes of freshwater turtles distributed across the Oriental, Neotropical, and Palearctic regions. Five of 10 valid species of the genus Serpinema occur in the Neotropical region, and three have been recorded parasitizing Kinosternon scorpioides Linnaeus, 1766. In the present work, we describe a new species of Serpinema , a gastrointestinal parasite of K. scorpioides from the Brazilian Amazon, using light and scanning electron microscopy. Serpinema pelliculatus n. sp. differs from other species of the genus by the number and distribution of caudal papillae and spicule morphology. The new species is the seventh recorded for the Neotropical region. [Display omitted] • Serpinema pelliculatus is a new parasite of Kinosternon scorpioides. • Serpinema pelliculatus has a spicule covered by a sheath. • A new species of camallanid parasite of freshwater turtle from the neotropical region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review aims to identify in vivo studies investigating the potential of plant substances and their natural molecules in managing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Specifically, the objective is to examine the impact of these substances on interleukins and other key inflammatory signaling markers. Relevant articles published up to December 2022 were identified through a search of the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases. The search used keywords including "inflammatory bowel disease", "medicinal plants", "natural molecules", "anti-inflammatory", and "ulcerative colitis", and identified 1,878 potentially relevant articles, of which 89 were included in this review after completion of the selection process. This study provides preclinical data on natural products (NPs) that can potentially treat IBD, including ulcerative colitis. The main actions of these NPs relate to their effects on nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway, the regulation of T helper 17/regulatory T cells balance, and oxidative stress. The ability of these NPs to inhibit intestinal inflammation appears to be dependent on lowering levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-17, via the Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)1, NF-κβ-p65, and STAT3 pathways. In addition, NPs were shown to reduce oxidative stress and the severity of ulcerative colitis, as well as increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes. These actions suggest that NPs represent a promising treatment for IBD, and potentially have greater efficacy and safety than current treatments. [Display omitted] • Preclinical evidence suggests that natural products (NPs) can reduce IBD progression. • NPs decrease pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibit intestinal inflammation. • NPs can be used to regulate interleukins in the treatment of IBD. • NPs regulate NF-κB, JAK-STAT signaling, and T helper 17/regulatory T cells imbalance. • NPs lessen oxidative stress and ulcerative colitis severity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The search for nutritional intervention strategies against obesity has grown, highlighting the low-carbohydrate diet model. However, little is known about the impact of the quality of fatty acids consumed in this diet. Thus, we aim to investigate the influence of fatty acid quality on dietary strategy on obesity. Male Swiss mice were diet-induced to obesity. Afterward, mice consume a low-carb diet with different types of fat: saturated, polyunsaturated ω-3, ω-6, and monounsaturated ω-9 fatty acids. Weight gain and food consumption were monitored weekly. An oral glucose tolerance test was performed and blood and tissue samples were collected for analysis of insulin resistance markers. Protein expression of insulin signaling pathway molecules, lipid metabolism, mitochondrial function, macrophage polarization, and cytokine production were analyzed. The high-fat diet was able to induce obesity and glucose intolerance. The switch to a low-carbohydrate dietary pattern reversed the glucose intolerance, with better results in the ω-3 and ω-9 groups. After the low-carbohydrate diet, groups ω-3 and ω-9 presented improved fasting serum glucose, insulin, and HOMA indexes. The low-carbohydrate diet also increased the activity of insulin pathway proteins such as IR, IRS1, and AKT. Furthermore, the ω-3 diet group showed greater activity of mitochondrial complexes and AMPK signaling pathway proteins. The ω-6 and ω-9 -rich diet induced M2-type macrophage polarization, as well as cytokine production modulation by the low-carbohydrate diet in the ω-3 and ω-9 groups. Consuming a low-carbohydrate diet pattern promotes weight loss and improves glucose intolerance in obesity. Also, the quality of lipids has a direct influence, demonstrating that the consumption of ω-3 polyunsaturated and ω-9 monounsaturated lipids can lead to more favorable outcomes for the improvement of glucose intolerance, lipid metabolism, and anti-inflammatory effects. • The low-carbohydrate diet reverts diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. • The low-carbohydrate diet increases lipid metabolism through mitochondrial activity. • The low-carbohydrate diet induces anti-inflammatory macrophages polarization phenotype. • Omega-3 and omega-9 fatty acids exert anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Photodynamic therapy is widely used in dentistry, but limited evidence exists regarding its effectiveness in treating denture stomatitis. High resistance to antifungals has been reported, and photodynamic therapy could be an alternative treatment. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate whether photodynamic therapy is effective in reducing denture stomatitis. A systematic review was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist and recorded in the prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) (CRD42020205589) to answer the population, intervention, control, outcome (PICO) question: "Is photodynamic therapy effective in the treatment of denture stomatitis when compared with the use of antifungal agents?" Electronic searches were performed in databases PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane library, and Web of Science for articles published until February 2021 by using the following terms: (denture stomatitis OR oral candidiasis) AND (low-level light therapy OR laser therapy OR lasers OR photodynamic therapies OR photochemotherapy) AND (antifungal drugs OR antifungal agents OR antimicrobial OR treatment). Clinical trials and randomized clinical trials, studies in the English language, and studies comparing antifungal agents with photodynamic therapy were included. In total, 5 articles were selected for the qualitative analysis and 3 for the meta-analysis. No significant difference was detected between antifungal therapy and photodynamic therapy in the reduction of colony-forming units on the palate. In a subgroup analysis, a significant difference was found in the reduction of colony-forming units on the palate at 15 days and at the denture surface at 30 days. Photodynamic therapy is effective in the treatment of denture stomatitis, but after 30 days and 15 days, the antifungals demonstrated better performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This systematic review aimed to analyze the effects of different exercise protocols on physical fitness (cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, and body composition), quality of life, cancer-related fatigue, and sleep quality in patients with different types of cancer undergoing neoadjuvant treatment. Systematic review. A comprehensive search of existing literature was carried out using four electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library (published until October 19, 2022). All databases were searched for randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental investigations, and pre-post investigations assessing the effects of exercise in cancer patients during neoadjuvant treatment. Excluded articles included multicomponent interventions, such as exercise plus diet or behavioral therapy, and investigations performed during adjuvant treatment or survivorship. The methodological quality of each study was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. Twenty-seven trials involving 999 cancer patients were included in this review. The interventions were conducted in cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant treatment for rectal (n = 11), breast (n = 5), pancreatic (n = 4), esophageal (n = 3), gastro-esophageal (n = 2), and prostate (n = 1) cancers, and leukemia (n = 1). Among the investigations included, 14 utilized combined exercise protocols, 11 utilized aerobic exercise, and two utilized both aerobic and resistance training separately. Exercise interventions appeared to improve cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, body composition, and quality of life, although many investigations lacked a between-group analysis. Despite limited evidence, exercise interventions applied during neoadjuvant treatment demonstrate promising potential in enhancing cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, body composition, and overall quality of life. However, a scarcity of evidence remains on the effects of exercise on cancer-related fatigue and sleep quality. Further research with high-quality randomized controlled trials is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There has been a proliferation of machine learning (ML) electrocardiogram (ECG) classification algorithms reaching >85% accuracy for various cardiac pathologies. Despite the high accuracy at individual institutions, challenges remain when it comes to multi-center deployment. Transfer learning (TL) is a technique in which a model trained for a specific task is repurposed for another related task, in this case ECG ML model trained at one institution is fine-tuned to be utilized to classify ECGs at another institution. Models trained at one institution, however, might not be generalizable for accurate classification when deployed broadly due to differences in type, time, and sampling rate of traditional ECG acquisition. In this study, we evaluate the performance of time domain (TD) and frequency domain (FD) convolutional neural network (CNN) classification models in an inter-institutional scenario leveraging three different publicly available datasets. The larger PTB-XL ECG dataset was used to initially train TD and FD CNN models for atrial fibrillation (AFIB) classification. The models were then tested on two different data sets, Lobachevsky University Electrocardiography Database (LUDB) and Korea University Medical Center database (KURIAS). The FD model was able to retain most of its performance (>0.81 F1-score), whereas TD was highly affected (<0.53 F1-score) by the dataset variations, even with TL applied. The FD CNN showed superior robustness to cross-institutional variability and has potential for widespread application with no compromise to ECG classification performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Granular cell odontogenic fibroma (GCOF) stands as a debatable benign neoplasm with an uncertain histogenic origin. A 35-year-old female patient was referred to the hospital due to painless swelling in the posterior mandible. Panoramic radiography and CT scans disclosed a multilocular septal lesion characterized by well-defined borders, accompanied by buccal and lingual cortex expansion. A biopsy was executed, followed by surgical enucleation of the lesion. Histopathological examination revealed cellular connective tissue exhibiting fibroblastic characteristics. Notably, islands and filaments of odontogenic epithelium with an inactive appearance were noted, alongside dentinoid-like calcifications. Furthermore, large mesenchymal cells with distinctive granular cytoplasm, housing eccentric nuclei, were observed. Immunohistochemical staining utilizing various markers, such as CD68, vimentin, AE1/AE3, CK14, S-100, and EMA, effectively confirmed the diagnosis of GCOF. Subsequent to this, the patient underwent surgery to address the bone defect. A 39-month follow-up documented the absence of tumor recurrence. The treated area exhibited complete healing, rendering the patient prepared for the next phase involving dental implant rehabilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the connection between the clinical severity of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) and the biomechanics of the calf muscle pump (CMP). Through a cross-sectional observational study, we analyzed women on the age range between 30 and 80 years with chronic venous insufficiency, stratified according to the clinical classification. Ninety-nine women were assessed and classified into groups with different levels of severity: C1 (n = 22); C2 (n = 22); C3 (n = 22); C4 (n = 22); C5 (n = 8); C6 (n = 3). The main purpose was to invest i gate the strength of the calf muscle pump through total work (TW) and peak torque (PT), and the range of motion (ROM) of the ankle joint. For a secondary analysis, the fatigue index was assessed. All results were run through the Humac® / NORMT isokinetic dynamometer to obtain the data. Our findings pointed out that as the clinical severity of CVI increases, there is a reduction on the PT, the TW, the maximum active ROM and the ROM at 120° / sec. As severity increased, there was a reduction of 24Nm in the TW at 30° / sec.and a reduction of 3Nm in the PT at 30° / sec. When increased, clinical severity of CVI may trigger downgrading in the strength of the CMP and the ROM in the ankle. These findings are of relevance to the clinician, since through these findings, individuals with venous insufficiency may be treated more precisely for each classification. • To the best of our knowledge, this is the first article to investigate the relationship between the clinical severity of chronic venous insufficiency and both the strength and range of motion of the calf muscle. • The assessment method used was the isokinetic dynamometer. • Increasing the clinical severity of chronic venous insufficiency reduces the strength and range of motion in the calf muscle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There has been a proliferation of machine learning (ML) electrocardiogram (ECG) classification algorithms reaching > 85% accuracy for various cardiac pathologies. Although the accuracy within institutions might be high, models trained at one institution might not be generalizable enough for accurate detection when deployed in other institutions due to differences in type of signal acquisition, sampling frequency, time of acquisition, device noise characteristics and number of leads. In this proof-of-concept study, we leverage the publicly available PTB-XL dataset to investigate the use of time-domain (TD) and frequency-domain (FD) convolutional neural networks (CNN) to detect myocardial infarction (MI), ST/T-wave changes (STTC), atrial fibrillation (AFIB) and sinus arrhythmia (SARRH). To simulate interinstitutional deployment, the TD and FD implementations were also compared on adapted test sets using different sampling frequencies 50 Hz, 100 Hz and 250 Hz, and acquisition times of 5 s and 10s at 100 Hz sampling frequency from the training dataset. When tested on the original sampling frequency and duration, the FD approach showed comparable results to TD for MI (0.92 FD – 0.93 TD AUROC) and STTC (0.94 FD – 0.95 TD AUROC), and better performance for AFIB (0.99 FD – 0.86 TD AUROC) and SARRH (0.91 FD – 0.65 TD AUROC). Although both methods were robust to changes in sampling frequency, changes in acquisition time were detrimental to the TD MI and STTC AUROCs, at 0.72 and 0.58 respectively. Alternatively, the FD approach was able to maintain the same level of performance, and, therefore, showed better potential for interinstitutional deployment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some previous studies investigated predictors of balance in individuals with Parkinson's Disease (PD). However, outcomes commonly evaluated in the rehabilitation of individuals with PD that could predict balance deficits have not yet been investigated. To determine whether the variables muscle strength, physical activity and depression are predictors of balance in individuals with PD. This is a cross-sectional study in which the investigated variables included: trunk and knee extensors' muscle strength (modified sphygmomanometer test - MST), physical activity level (Adjusted Human Activity Profile score) and depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 - PHQ-9). The outcome variable was balance, as assessed by the Mini-BESTest. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine which predictor variables explain the outcome variable. A total of 50 individuals with PD, mean age 67 ± 8.8 years, 68% male, 40% HY 2.5 were included. The mean value of the dominant limb extensor muscle strength was 139 ± 45 mmHg, and the mean trunk extensor muscle strength value was 81.9 ± 19 mmHg. More than half of the sample (52%, n = 26) was classified as moderately active. Most of the sample (78%) had mild depression. The average Mini-BESTest score was 21 ± 5.4. The physical activity level explained 29% of the balance variance. When depression was included in the model, the explained variance increased to 35%. The other independent variables were not included in the model. The findings of the present study showed that the physical activity level and depression were able to explain 35% of the balance variation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Engineering education is being called upon to move to a student-centered teaching. New challenges demand a curriculum that considers a set of competencies to enable engineers to learn autonomously and to develop solid technical and relevant soft skills. We present a top-down methodology for developing a competency-based curricula, which was employed to conceive a new chemical engineering curriculum at the University of Campinas. Our methodology is based on four main steps: i) definition of the desired profile of students with a bachelor's degree in Chemical Engineering and their underlying competencies; ii) delineation of learning-experiences itineraries; iii) a macro conception of the curriculum entailing the logical-temporal arrangement of its learning-experiences itineraries; and the iv) establishment of each curricular component with its learning objectives. This new curriculum is integrated into the external society by experiences that engage students to practice social responsibility and develop technology based on the needs of society. Graduates' profile and competencies were defined based on extensive surveys. We discuss how active learning methodologies can be an intrinsic part of the curriculum development process and how assessment strategies must fit the learning goals established for each curricular component. Finally, we discuss the current challenges of implementing and evaluating a competency-based curriculum. [Display omitted] • We present a top-down methodology for developing a competency-based curricula. • Design of the new chemical engineering curriculum at the University of Campinas. • The graduate's profile and competencies were defined based on extensive surveys. • Discussion of challenges of implementing/ evaluating a competency-based curriculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several treatment modalities have been reported for patients with arthrogenous temporomandibular disorders. The most common temporomandibular disorder is internal derangement, usually accompanied by displacement of the articular disc. Most often anteriorly and medially displaced, patients may develop clicking, impaired jaw function, and pain. Articular disc repositioning has been described as an effective method to eliminate interference during mandibular translation, improving mandibular range of motion, and eliminating pain. In this article, we present a new, simple, and reproducible technique without requiring specific instruments for repositioning and suturing the articular disc with posterior anchorage fixed to the tragus cartilage. It has the advantages of a better anteroposterior vector of traction force, without adverse effects as lateralization of the articular disc and skin depression, commonly presented in other techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The obturation quality of the mandibular molar mesial canals and isthmuses with two thermoplastic techniques, ultrasonic vertical condensation (UVC) and continuous wave of condensation (CWC), was evaluated using computed microtomography (μCT). Thirty-six human mandibular molars had been previously scanned and analyzed using μCT for mesial roots with morphologically similar isthmuses for this study. Coronal access and confirmation of foraminal patency were performed, and the actual length of the teeth was established using a clinical microscope (40X magnification). The canals were prepared using ProTaper Gold instruments up to #F3, with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite as the irrigant solution, followed by a passive ultrasonic irrigation protocol. The specimens were randomly divided into the UVC and CWC groups based on the obturation technique to be used. Obturation was performed with #F3 gutta-percha cones cemented using AH Plus Jet sealer. The μCT scans were performed after 15 days, and the images were evaluated by a calibrated examiner blinded to the experimental groups to determine the filling rate of the entire canal area, including the main canal and isthmus. Student's t -test was used for statistical analysis; P values ≤0.05 were considered significant. Neither of the thermoplastic obturation techniques achieved complete filling of the canals (86.3% for UVC and 91.4% for CWC), with a statistically significant difference between them (P =.029). Under the conditions of the study, it can be concluded that none of the techniques completely filled the canal/isthmus of the mandibular molars; however, the CWC exhibited better performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Granular cell odontogenic fibroma (GCOF) is a controversial odontogenic neoplasm that has been reported over time under different names and for a long time as a variant of ameloblastic fibroma. However, most authors agree that, due to the still uncertain origin of GCOF granular cells and their uncertain biological behavior, it would be better to keep it as a separate entity that still needs to be better understood. In this context, the purpose of this study is to systematically review all available epidemiological, clinicopathological, imaging, immunohistological, therapeutic, follow-up and recurrence data of GCOF and to present a new case of this rare lesion. This review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. An electronic search was performed in different databases until November 2022. Thirty-nine studies reporting fifty-three cases were included. The GCOF is a rare lesion and accounts for less than 5% of reported odontogenic tumors, with a higher prevalence in middle-aged and white women. This lesion occurs mainly in the posterior region of the mandible. Furthermore, according to the clinical, radiographic, and histopathologic characteristics, conservative treatment was the most used option, with recurrence in only two cases. GCOF remains controversial due to unresolved histogenesis. FACEPE and CAPES founding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 33-year-old male patient visited the hospital's outpatient clinic with an asymptomatic swelling in the left mandible that had been present for more than 10 years. Imaging examinations revealed an expansive and osteolytic multilocular lesion affecting the left mandibular body, angle, and ramus. An incisional biopsy was conducted, which indicated a fragment of malignant neoplasm characterized by the proliferation of mucous, intermediate, and squamoid cells. Architectural configurations included solid areas and cystic spaces, partially lined by mucous cells with abundant mucinous cytoplasm. These cells displayed intracytoplasmic alcian blue and periodic acid-Schiff staining with diastase resistance. The final diagnosis was low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC). The patient was subsequently referred for head and neck surgery, where a composite hemimandibulectomy was performed. The diagnosis of central intraosseous MEC was confirmed in the surgical specimen. Over a 1-year follow-up, no signs of relapse were observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multiple myeloma is a multifocal proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow, in which neoplastic cells replace normal marrow cells, produce excess immunoglobulins, and infiltrate the bone. Plasmacytoma can present in the oral cavity as solitary bone or, rarely (less than 1% of cases), as extramedullary when it affects soft tissues. A female patient, 64 years old, with a diagnosis of an osteolytic lesion in the knee region of an unidentified primary tumor, complained of tingling and numbness in the mouth, in the left mandibular region radiating to the lip. On clinical examination, the presence of a 2-cm expansive nodular lesion in the periapical region of the lower left premolar and molar teeth was noted. In radiography, there are multiple radiolucent images in different areas of the mandible and maxilla. The biopsy of the oral lesion was performed. Microscopic analysis and immunohistochemical study with CD138 and Kappa concluded the diagnosis of plasmacytoma; multiple myeloma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mucormycosis is a rare progressive fungal infection of tissue necrosis resulting from vascular invasion by Mucorales fungi, and it is lethal in most cases. A male patient, 24 years old, was being treated for acute lymphocytic leukemia and had recently undergone a biopsy of infiltration in a cutaneous lesion. He presented with an ulcerative lesion in the region of the palate, painless, with oroantral communication 3 months after the start of a chemotherapy regimen. Physical examination, panoramic radiography, computed tomography, and incisional biopsy were performed. Microscopic analysis and Gomori-Grocott staining concluded the diagnosis of an acute ulcerative and necrotizing inflammatory process associated with fungi compatible with mucormycosis, occlusive thrombotic vasculopathies with intramural and intravascular fungi. Treatment included local surgical scraping and therapy with amphotericin B. However, the progression of the disease and the patient's immunosuppression led to his death twenty days later. Early diagnosis of mucormycosis and immediate treatment are essential in attempting to improve survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Maxillectomy is a fact for many benign and malignant tumor treatments. Its dimension can diversify and compromise aesthetics, swallowing, chewing, quality of life and speech, leading to significant weight loss in these patients. A prosthetic rehabilitation may be the only option to return these functions. This study evaluated maxillectomy patients' profile in the oral maxillofacial prosthetic rehabilitation clinic between 2020 and 2022, in order to ensure better care for these individuals. Aspects of maxillary loss, rehabilitation, educational and sociodemographic profiles were evaluated by clinical records, determining the patients' characteristics who were treated at the oral and maxillofacial prosthetic rehabilitation clinic. Data was transferred and analyzed by Excel® spreadsheet. Statistical Analysis observed the occurrence frequency and association tests were performed when necessary. Malignant tumors had a prevalence of 82%, males were presented in 51.2% of cases and weight loss was reported in most patients. For the oral and maxillofacial prosthodontist it is extremely important to know the malignant tumors variance, as well as their treatments, to deliver the best rehabilitation for his patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To integrate the morphological and tissue-based molecular characterization of oral lesions occurring in individuals infected by COVID-19 (OLICs). This study was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Ovid, Embase, and LILACS were searched to identify reports on OLICs with morphological and/or tissue-based molecular data. Four studies reporting five cases were included. Three patients were male, and the mean age of the individuals was 47.6 years. The most reported anatomical location was the palate (n=4), whereas ulcers were the most frequent clinical presentation (n=3). Histopathologically, all cases revealed cell vacuolization and exocytosis in the epithelial layer. In the mesenchymal layer, inflammatory cell infiltrate and thrombi/microvascular thrombosis were observed in three cases. Immunohistochemical reactions were performed in two cases. Both cases were negative for HHV-1, HHV-2, and CMV. One case revealed positivity for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. No other molecular tests were found for the characterization of OLIC. The pathological characteristics of OLICs are still unspecific. However, with the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and well-documented new cases, whether OLICs are due to coinfections or have a primary origin can be determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 47-year-old male patient sought medical attention in October 2018, referred by another institution, for a biopsy of a suspected periapical cyst in the right side of the mandible. During the procedure, the surgeon observed significant bleeding that was not typical for this type of lesion. An aspiration puncture of the lesion was conducted, and a subsequent biopsy was scheduled. Computed Tomography revealed extensive bone destruction and root resorption. An exploratory biopsy was then performed. Microscopic examination results confirmed the diagnosis of an aneurysmal bone cyst. It was decided to pursue a conservative management approach for the lesion, which involved the local injection of doxycycline combined with albumin. The procedure entailed mixing two ampoules of 100 mg doxycycline with one ampoule of albumin, followed by intraosseous administration until the lesion was completely filled, and fluid began to leak. Subsequently, there was evidence of bone neoformation, and the patient has been under follow-up care since then. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 41-year-old female patient previously diagnosed with cemento-ossifying fibroma presented with a complaint of intermittent pain in the chin region persisting for six months. Upon examination, extensive swelling was observed in both the lingual and buccal regions, accompanied by crepitus and dental mobility. Tomography revealed a hypodense osteolytic lesion with hyperdense foci, resulting in a bulging effect on the buccal and lingual cortices in the mandibular symphysis and parasymphysis region on both sides. A prototype was requested to aid in surgical planning and to define the lesion's margins. The treatment involved complete removal of the lesion through partial resection of the mandible, followed by subsequent rehabilitation. Histopathological analysis indicated variable proportions of hypercellular fibrous tissue and mineralized structures resembling cementum, confirming the diagnosis of cemento-ossifying fibroma. The patient has been under follow-up and has shown no signs of recurrence for one year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 21-year-old female patient with leucoderma sought the oral medicine service, complaining of blisters in the sublingual region. Intraoral examination revealed bilateral bullous lesions with a soft consistency and a color similar to the adjacent tissue. An incisional biopsy was performed since all pre-surgical tests fell within normal limits. The histopathological report indicated a mucous extravasation cyst with the presence of lymphocytic sialadenitis, prompting further clinical and laboratory investigation. Laboratory tests included assessments for rheumatoid factor, anti-SS-B, and anti-SS-A, which yielded abnormal results, suggesting Sjögren Syndrome. The patient was subsequently referred for rheumatologic and ophthalmologic evaluations, confirming an early onset of Sjögren Syndrome. Additional immunohistochemical analysis employing markers such as Bcl2, CD10, CD20, CD138, Kappa, CD3, EBV, and Ki67, led to the diagnosis of follicular lymphoma grade II. Bilateral surgical removal of the remaining sublingual tissue was carried out, and the patient continues to receive interdisciplinary follow-up care up to the present date. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The SARS-CoV-2 virus contains the Spike protein, crucial for viral entry and RNA release in human cells. Infection triggers hyperinflammation, leading to an immune response that causes hemodynamic changes, coagulation disorders, platelet activation, and blood stasis. Additionally, the coronavirus vaccine has been associated with cases of thrombocytopenia and thrombosis in unusual sites due to the production of antibodies against platelet antigens. This report describes a 63-year-old female patient diagnosed with lingual thromboembolism after coronavirus vaccination, having previously been infected by the virus. The physical examination indicated obesity with controlled hypertension. Hematologic exams confirmed hyperlipidemia and hypertriglyceridemia. An excisional biopsy was performed, and anatomopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis. The patient was referred to a cardiologist for further evaluation and was discharged after a two-week uneventful post-surgical follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 72-year-old Venezuelan male refugee with melanoderma was referred due to the presence of an irregular dark-shaded macule in the hard/soft palate junction. During the medical history investigation, he could not specify the progression of the lesion. Additionally, the patient has been undergoing prostate cancer treatment for the past 4 years. Laboratory tests were within the normal range, and computed tomography showed radiolucent findings with diffuse limits and a "moth-eaten" appearance at the level of the right maxillary sinus. An incisional biopsy was performed with the aid of a 4 mm disposable punch, obtaining two samples containing injured and healthy tissue for histopathological analysis. The histopathological report was compatible with melanoma, and further immunohistochemical study using Melan A and Ki-67 concluded the diagnosis of a high-grade mucous melanoma. The patient was referred to the regional oncology hospital, and the outcome is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim was to describe a case of a patient referred to a Hospital Dentistry Service for the diagnosis and treatment of a lesion in the upper lip. A 51-year-old male, presenting a lesion with episodes of constant trauma and growth, exhibited no systemic diseases and maintained good overall health. The patient had a history of prior surgical treatment in another service, which did not result in complete resolution, and a previous diagnosis of mucous retention phenomenon. Clinically, a purple submucosal nodule of approximately 1.5 cm was observed. Before the biopsy procedure, serological tests (TAP, APTT, and platelet count) were conducted. An excisional biopsy was performed, involving divulsion and separation of the lesion, along with excision of the minor salivary glands around the enlarged lesion. Histopathological analysis revealed an arteriovenous malformation. Post-surgery, the patient reported no further complaints and exhibited a good recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To perform a systematic review to investigate the association between adolescents' a posteriori dietary patterns with diabetes-related biomarkers (fasting blood glucose, fasting insulinemia, glycated hemoglobin and homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR)). Review registered with PROSPERO under number CRD42020185369. Studies with adolescents aged 10–19 years that identified dietary patterns by a posteriori methods were included. The databases used included: PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Food Science and Technology Abstracts, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, Lilacs/BVS, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ProQuest Dissertations&Theses Global and Capes Theses Bank and Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations. Risk of bias was assessed via the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality tool. Eight cross-sectional studies that evaluated 6438 adolescents (55.5% females) were included. For fasting blood glucose, the results were inconsistent and some studies found no association for the dietary patterns called traditional (57%), Western (42%) and healthy (28%). For the fasting insulinemia and HOMA-IR outcomes, the Western dietary pattern showed a positive association or higher means in 60% and 50% of the studies, respectively. No studies that evaluated glycated hemoglobin were found. Fasting insulinemia and HOMA-IR outcomes were positively associated with the Western dietary patterns. The studies reviewed did not present consistent evidence of an association with western , healthy and traditional dietary patterns with fasting blood glucose, as the results were conflicting or did not show statistical significance. • Fasting insulin and HOMA-IR markers were positively associated with " Western" dietary patterns in adolescents. • There is not enough scientific evidence to unravel the association of fasting glucose dietary patterns in adolescents. • There is a lack of methodological standardization in a posteriori techniques, which makes it difficult to compare results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effects of home-based exercise on physical fitness (cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, and body composition) in cancer patients undergoing active treatment. Systematic review with meta-analysis and Grading Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation of the evidence. A comprehensive search of existing literature was carried out in four electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and PEDro. All databases were searched for randomized controlled trials assessing the effects of home-based exercise on physical fitness outcomes in cancer patients during active treatment. Multicomponent interventions (i.e., exercise plus diet/behavioral therapy) were excluded. The methodological quality of each study was assessed using the Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials. Meta-analytical procedures were performed when appropriate and standardized mean differences (SMD) were calculated. Twenty-eight randomized controlled trials (n = 2424 cancer patients) were included. Most of the interventions were conducted in breast cancer patients (n = 13) during the adjuvant treatment period (n = 17); 18 studies included a walking component in their home-based protocol. Home-based exercise was effective at improving the distance of the 6-minute walk test (k = 6; SMD = 0.321, p = 0.010). However, the results were no longer significant when performing sensitivity analysis based on exclusively walking (k = 1) and non-exclusively walking interventions (k = 5; SMD = 0.258; p = 0.072). No effects were found for muscle strength and body composition outcomes (p > 0.05). Regular home-based exercise programs are an effective strategy to improve 6-minutes walk test in cancer patients undergoing active treatment. Conversely, no alterations were found in muscle strength and body composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Brazilian Amazon rainforest region has a significant prevalence of malarial and intestinal parasitic infections in indigenous populations, accounting for a disproportionate burden. Thus, a cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence and association between malarial and intestinal protozoan and helminth infections in four remote indigenous villages in the Brazilian Amazon Forest. A total of 430 individuals participated in the study, and Plasmodium infections were diagnosed by examination of thick blood smears and PCR. Stool samples 295 individuals (69%) were examined by direct smear and the Kato–Katz technique. The overall prevalence of malaria, intestinal protozoan infection, and intestinal helminth infection was 14.2%, 100%, and 39.3%, respectively. Polyparasitism was predominant (83.7%), and most infected individuals had at least two or more different species of intestinal protozoan and/or helminth parasites. The prevalence of co-infection was 49.5%, and in individuals with intestinal protozoa and helminth infections (34%), Entamoeba. coli , Entamoeba histolytica , and Ascaris lumbricoides were the most common parasites. In individuals with malaria and protozoa infections (10.2%), P. vivax , E. coli , and E. histolytica predominated, and in individuals with malaria, protozoa, and helminth infections (5.4%). P. vivax , E. coli , E. histolytica , and A. lumbricoides predominated. Intestinal polyparasitism was common in the study population, and the presence of helminths was associated with an increased number of intestinal parasitic species. However, Plasmodium infections were neither a risk nor a protective factor for helminth infections; the same was true for helminth infections in relation to Plasmodium. The high prevalence of intestinal polyparasitism with Plasmodium co-infections highlights the need for combining strategies that may help control both malaria and intestinal parasite and generate a health approach aligned with indigenous perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dental malocclusions are deviations from normalities due to the inadequate growth and development of the dental arch which provides functional changes to the stomatognathic system. The aim of this longitudinal study was to evaluate the electromyographic activity (EMG) the masseter and temporalis muscles, strength of the orofacial tissues and occlusal force of children with anterior open bite (n = 15) and posterior crossbite (n = 20), 7 days after the removal of the orthodontic apparatus. A fixed horizontal palatal crib was used in the treatment of anterior open bite and the fixed appliances Hyrax or MacNamara was used in the treatment of posterior crossbite. EMG of the masticatory muscles was recorded using an electromyograph with wireless sensors during mandibular tasks. Habitual chewing was assessed using the integral of the linear envelope of the electromyographic signal in the masticatory cycles. The strength of the tongue and facial muscles was measured using the Iowa Oral Pressure Instrument. T-Scan was used to analyze the force of occlusal contact. Molar bite force was measured by digital dynamometer. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were found in the EMG data of the masseter and temporalis muscles in the static and dynamic mandibular tasks. There were no significant difference in strength of orofacial tissues, occlusal contact force and molar bite force 7 days after the removal of the orthodontic apparatus. The results of this study suggest that the orthodontic treatment of anterior open bite and posterior crossbite in children promoted functional alteration in the electromyographic activity of masseter and temporalis muscles. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Patients with CVD in stage II (pulmonary phase) of COVID-19 had a high prevalence of endothelial dysfunction. • Arterial stiffness are present in patients with CVD affected by COVID-19. • Endothelial dysfunction was correlated with enhancement in the high-frequency component of HRV. The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) may cause vascular (e.g., endothelial dysfunction, and arterial stiffness), cardiac, autonomic (e.g., heart rate variability [HRV]), and systemic inflammatory response via direct viral attack, hypoxia-induced injury, or immunological dysregulation, especially in those patients with pre-existing cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, to date, no study has shown prevalence of endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness and heart rate variability assessed by bedside peripheral arterial tonometry in patients with previous CVD hospitalized in the acute phase of COVID-19. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness, and altered HRV in patients with CVD hospitalized due to COVID-19. This cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2020 to February 2021. Included male and female adult patients aged 40 to 60 years with previous CVD and diagnosed with COVID-19. Anthropometric data, comorbidities, and blood tests were analyzed. Endothelial function, arterial stiffness, and HRV were assessed using peripheral arterial tonometry (PAT), and the statistical significance was set at 5%. Fourteen (51.8%) patients presented endothelial dysfunction (reactive hyperemia index = 1.2 ± 0.3) and enhancement in the high-frequency component of HRV (p < 0.05). There was a high prevalence of endothelial dysfunction, especially in patients with chronic heart failure (10 (71.4%)). Patients with preserved endothelial function showed a high augmentation index normalized to a heart rate of 75 bpm (p < 0.01), suggesting arterial stiffness. Patients with CVD hospitalized due to COVID-19 presented endothelial dysfunction assessed using PAT, which could be used as a biomarker for arterial stiffness and altered HRV. The possibility of detecting vascular and autonomic changes during phase II of COVID-19 may help to prevent possible long-term complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Platynosomosis is a parasitic disease caused by a trematode of the genus Platynosomum , a bile duct and gallbladder fluke that has been described in captive neotropical primates (New World primates; NWPs) and causes high morbidity and variable mortality. Although it is a major concern for ex-situ conservation of these animals, there are only a few studies of platynosomosis in free-ranging NWPs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize platynosomosis in a free-ranging population of marmosets (Callithrix spp) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, focusing on the epidemiological and pathological aspects of the disease. A total of 1,001 marmosets were evaluated and on the basis of clinicoepidemiological data, histopathology, histochemistry and immunohistochemistry, we concluded that Platynosomum spp infection has a prevalence of 8.9% (confidence interval: 7.3–10.8%) in free-ranging marmosets, with a higher frequency in the Metropolitan Region of Rio de Janeiro. Infection was associated with fibrosing and proliferative cholangiohepatitis associated with biliary lithiasis (3.0% of cases) and secondary bacterial infections (14.6% of cases). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To conduct a systematic review of the literature on the scientific evidence of the oral intake of omega-3 and omega-6 FAs and metabolic syndrome (MS) in adolescents.Data Synthesis: The study was registered in PROSPERO (number 42020185370). Studies were carried out with adolescents aged 10-19 years, who presented as intervention/exposure the oral intake of omega-3 and/or omega-6 fatty acids (FAs), in the databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, CENTRAL, and PQDT Global e BDTD. The tools used to assess the risk of bias were RoB 2.0, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Fifteen papers retrieved published from 2010 to 2019 were included (n = 3534); nine were randomized studies and controlled clinical trials, four were cross-sectional studies, one was a retrospective cohort study, and one case-control study. No studies have evaluated the effect or association of omega-3 and/or of omega-6 FAs with actual MS, only with its components. The randomized clinical trials identified the effects of omega-3 FA on the decrease in blood pressure (n = 1 out of six), glycemia (n = 2 out of seven), and triglycerides (n = 5 out of eight), and the increase in HDL-c (n = 2 out of eight) considering the comparison between the group that received omega-3 FA and the control group.Conclusions: Scientific evidence is controversial on the association between oral intake of omega-3 FAs and MS in adolescents, due to the heterogeneity between studies and the divergence of results for the same MS component. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The retention of glass fiber post (GFP) is considered a key factor for the long-term success of restorations of endodontically treated teeth. This study aimed to compare the compressive strength of a ceramic crown supported by a GFP using different luting agents. Forty single-rooted premolars were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10 each): control group (teeth without a GFP), Ketac Cem group (glass ionomer), RelyX ARC group (conventional dual-curing resin), and RelyX U200 group (self-adhesive dual-curing resin). After luting of the posts and placement of all-ceramic crowns made using feldspathic porcelain (Noritake EX-3), they were exposed to thermocycling for 1000 cycles and compressive strength tests. Statistical analysis included Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn's multi-comparison test. The Ketac Cem group and RelyX U200 group showed significantly greater fracture resistance to compressive loading than the control group. This study indicates a possible role of the luting agent used with the GFP in influencing the compressive strength of the restored teeth. In this study, the self-adhesive dual-curing resin and glass ionomer both offered resistance to fractures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]