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An ocean general circulation model of the tropical Atlantic Ocean is used to study the vertically integrated vorticity equation for the annual mean flow in the Atlantic North Equatorial Countercurrent (NECC). The results suggest that in the Western part of the basin, observations relying on hydrographic data neglect two important contributions to the vorticity balance, which are, the advection of planetary vorticity by the deep meridional flow and advection of relative velocity.

We developed two thermal concentrators, one with a 2D design of uniform thickness and another with a 3D design, using the coordinate transformation technique and metamaterials. By structuring the thermal conductor, we were able to achieve the desired local density-heat capacity product ρC and anisotropic thermal conductivities. Homogenized thermal conductivities were obtained from the boundary heat fluxes of the unit cells computed with finite element simulations and taking into account the cylindrical symmetry. We fabricated the 3D concentrator using 3D metal printing and used a thermal camera for characterization. By designing the unit cells to obtain the (ρ C) values given by the coordinate transformation, the time evolution characteristics of the metadevice are closer to those of an ideal concentrator when compared to devices that solely consider anisotropic conductivities. • Two thermal concentrators were designed using the coordinate transformation technique and metamaterials. • Not only the desired local anisotropic thermal conductivities K but also the local heat capacity ρC were achieved. • The 3D design was fabricated by metal 3D printing and characterized. • Taking into account ρC leads to the desired time evolution characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports the current potentials of cold gas dynamic spraying (CGDS). CGDS has been significantly developed to produce several functional solutions categorized as follows: deposits with a single powder nature, composites-based deposits, nanotechnological deposits and hybrid coating/substrate assemblies. CGDS process has improved in proficiency and is still gaining attention from scientists and industry. Covering a wide range of materials, both standard and advanced, this additive manufacturing process offers substantial applications for surface functionalization, structural or dimensional restoration, bulk production providing specific material properties, and art/decoration. Progress in terms of material processing capabilities and applications are ongoing. CGDS brings opportunities of better materials and innovative solutions. This review also indicates some recent challenges of cold spraying. Those represent future research directions to increase the enactment of CGDS as a proven viable innovative additive manufacturing method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Cancer is a real model of acquired hypercoagulable state. A close interaction exists between venous thromboembolic disease and cancer. Tumor progression is associated with an activation of coagulation and fibrinoformation which are both implicated in cancer proliferation and metastasis dissemination. The pathogenesis of haemostatic troubles described in cancer patients is particularly complex and it reflects the multiple connexions with inflammation and hemostasis systems. In this review, we will identify the numerous factors inducing such a prothrombotic state and the reason why their combined action contributes to cancer development. The relation between cancer and thrombosis seems reciprocal: cancer predisposes to thrombosis and tumor progression is deeply linked to this hypercoagulable state. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: We simulate the formation of social aggregations in a turbulent fluid environment. The theoretical framework is employed to investigate the ecological consequences of spatial patchiness in the density distribution of krill, which often assemble in swarms or schools. We first describe the formation of aggregations resulting from the interplay of social forces and population dynamics, and then consider an idealized ecosystem model of zooplankton with social behavior who feed on phytoplankton; this is solved analytically for the initial growth of patches and numerically for the steady-state distributions of predator and prey biomass. Environmental variability changes the linear instability criterion for spontaneous aggregation. The second part of the paper addresses the evolution of social behavior in a population with density-dependent mating success. The model simulates the transmission of a gene controlling social behavior; natural selection determines whether the grouping or non-grouping type becomes dominant. It is found that the behavior can evolve when mixing occurs rapidly enough for resources to remain available to the clustered organisms. Turbulent advection prevents the grouping type from becoming dominant if the shear of the flow is strong enough to disrupt the patches; otherwise the aggregated zooplankton benefit from enhanced diffusion of resources by the turbulent flow. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Myocarditis is the most lethal cardiovascular immune related adverse events with a low incidence, depending on the studies. We prospectively studied the potential interest of a systematic screening to early detect immune related myocarditis and confirm the incidence of immune-induced myocarditis in advanced lung cancer and the impact of troponin systematic screening in early detection of other major cardiovascular events (MACE). This prospective bicentric study includes adults who received at least one dose of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) for advanced lung cancer. Cardiac biomarkers dosage, ECG and transthoracic echography (TTE) were done at baseline. Diagnosis of myocarditis was based on European Society of Cardiology recommendations. MACEs were reported during the observation period. Among 298 patients, 5 (1.68 %) immune-induced myocarditis occurred, all being asymptomatic with at first troponin elevation, treated by corticosteroids and ICI's discontinuation. No attributable death occurred, and no specific clinical characteristics were identified with myocarditis onset. Three patients were rechallenged with ICI after troponin normalization in the absence of other therapeutic options. Recurrence occurred in 2 patients, with a re-increase of troponin and a de novo modification of the ECG. Systematic cardiovascular screening also led to 14 cardiovascular diseases detection and 11 MACEs during ICI. Systematic cardiovascular screening has uncovered slightly more immuno-induced myocarditis cases than reported previously, but without altering treatment strategies due to their subclinical nature. Additionally, it helps detecting other cardiovascular diseases in this comorbid population. [Display omitted] • Systematic screening has uncovered more immuno-induced myocarditis than reported. • Early detection of myocarditis avoided ICI change and could lead to rechallenge. • Systematic screening detects cardiovascular diseases in comorbid population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pentamidine isethionate (PTMD) is an antiprotozoal agent used in different parasitic diseases as Human African Trypanosomiasis or Pneumocystis pneumonia. Given its side effects, numerous analogs are still under development worldwide. PTMD has been recently described having a potential activity in myotonic dystrophy (type 1). Here we present an UPLC method coupled to fluo or PDA detection for PTMD and one analog determination in rat plasma or urine. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Acquity UPLC® HSS T3 analytical column using a mobile phase combining formic acid 0.1% (v/v) and acetonitrile (ACN) at a constant flow rate of 0.4mL/min. Preliminary, an innovative μSPE (solid phase extraction) procedure using Oasis® WCX sorbent was processed and gave satisfying and reproducible results in terms of extraction yields. Additionally, the methods were successfully validated using the accuracy profiles approach (β =95% and acceptance limits=15%) over the ranges 2.88–287.52ng/mL and from 143.76ng/mL to 1.72μg/mL in rat plasma and urine for PTMD and for EBAB, from 4.23 to 423.39ng/mL and from 211.69ng/mL to 2.54μg/mL for plasma and urine, respectively. The validated protocols were applied to a pharmacokinetic (PK) study on rats and permitted to point out some relevant PK parameters on PTMD and its studied analog. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of vacuum heat treatment on the microstructure and microhardness of the cold-sprayed Cu–4at.%Cr–2at.%Nb alloy was investigated. After heat treatment, a Cr2Nb phase formed in the gas-atomized powder was uniformly distributed in the matrix. Minimal grain growth of the Cr2Nb phase was observed accompanying the healing-up of the incomplete interfaces between the deposited particles at the elevated treatment temperatures. The microstructure and microhardness of the annealed cold-sprayed Cu–4at.%Cr–2at.%Nb alloy were comparable with those of the deposits fabricated by vacuum plasma spraying, which makes it a promising material for regeneratively cooled rocket engine applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]