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Abstract A SrCe 0.6 Zr 0.3 Lu 0.1 O 3-α electrolyte was synthesized via a citric-nitrate auto-combustion (CNA) method using Sr(NO 3) 2 , Zr(NO 3) 4 ·5H 2 O, (NH 4) 2 Ce(NO 3) 6 , Lu 2 O 3 , HNO 3 and citric acid as raw materials. Subsequently, it reacted with the molten carbonate salt to obtain the SrCe 0.6 Zr 0.3 Lu 0.1 O 3-α -Li 2 CO 3 -Na 2 CO 3 composite electrolyte. The morphology, structure, conductivity and fuel cell performance of the obtained samples were investigated. SrCe 0.6 Zr 0.3 Lu 0.1 O 3-α is fully dense after calcinated at 1540 °C for 5 h SrCe 0.6 Zr 0.3 Lu 0.1 O 3-α and Li 2 CO 3 -Na 2 CO 3 combined with each other to form a homogeneous interconnected structure. The highest power density and conductivity of SrCe 0.6 Zr 0.3 Lu 0.1 O 3-α -Li 2 CO 3 -Na 2 CO 3 are 255 mW cm−2 and 8.6 × 10−2 S cm−1 at 600 °C, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract In this paper, a 4 mol% MgO doped Zr 0.92 Y 0.08 O 2-α (8YSZ) and its composite electrolyte of 8YSZ + 4MgO-NaCl/KCl were synthesized via a solid state reaction method. The morphology, structure and intermediate temperature electrochemical properties of the obtained samples were investigated. The log σ ～ log (p O 2) and log (σT) ～ 1000 T−1 Arrhenius plots of the 8YSZ+ 4MgO and 8YSZ + 4MgO-NaCl/KCl were performed. Oxygen concentration discharge cells were measured in order to determine the oxide ionic conduction in the samples. Finally, H 2 /O 2 fuel cell using the 8YSZ + 4MgO-NaCl/KCl as electrolyte obtained the highest power density of 444 mW cm−2 at 700 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, Ce 0.8 Er 0.2 O 2-α was prepared via a microemulsion method. Then, Ce 0.8 Er 0.2 O 2-α powder was mixed with melted NaCl-KCl (1:1 mol ratio) at the weight ratio of 80%: 20% to obtain Ce 0.8 Er 0.2 O 2-α -KCl-NaCl at 750 °C. Ce 0.8 Er 0.2 O 2-α and Ce 0.8 Er 0.2 O 2-α -KCl-NaCl were characterized by thermogravimetry analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (TGA-DSC), Raman spectrometer, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The log (σT) ~ 1000 T-1 plots and fuel cell performances of Ce 0.8 Er 0.2 O 2-α and Ce 0.8 Er 0.2 O 2-α -KCl-NaCl were tested at 400–700 °C. The maximum output power density of Ce 0.8 Er 0.2 O 2-α -KCl-NaCl was 187 mW cm-2 at 700 °C which is six times greater than that of Ce 0.8 Er 0.2 O 2-α. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract In this paper, 4 mol% ZnO-doped Zr 0.92 Y 0.08 O 2-α (8YSZ) and its 8YSZ+4ZnO/NaCl-KCl composite electrolyte were synthesized by a solid-state reaction. The X–ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicates that 8YSZ+4ZnO and inorganic chlorides phases can coexist. The inorganic chlorides decrease the synthesis temperature of 8YSZ+4ZnO. The highest conductivities of 8YSZ+4ZnO and 8YSZ+4ZnO-NK are 7.0 × 10−3 S cm−1 and 7.7 × 10−2 S cm−1 at 700 °C, respectively. The oxygen concentration discharge cell shows that 8YSZ+4ZnO and 8YSZ+4ZnO-NK are good oxide ionic conductors under an oxygen-containing atmosphere. Finally, an H 2 /O 2 fuel cell based on the 8YSZ+4ZnO-NK electrolyte reached the maximum power density (P max) of 315.5 mW cm−2 at 700 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A SrCe 0.7 Zr 0.2 Eu 0.1 O 3-α (SCZE-SG) electrolyte was successfully fabricated by a sol-gel method using Eu 2 O 3 , Sr(C 2 H 3 O 2 ) 2 2 O, (NH 4 ) 2 Ce(NO 3 ) 6 and Zr(NO 3 ) 4 ·5H 2 O as raw materials and was subsequently reacted with NaCl/KCl. The obtained materials were characterized by XRD and SEM techniques. XRD results showed that SCZE-SG and NaCl/KCl did not chemically react. The SEM images revealed that the particle size of SCZE-SG is uniform, and NaCl/KCl is coated on the surface of SCZE-SG, acting as a binder in SrCe 0.7 Zr 0.2 Eu 0.1 O 3-α -NaCl-KCl (SCZE-SG-NK). The oxide ion and protonic conduction of SCZE-SG was studied using gas concentration cells, and the results indicate that the durability of the fuel cell based on SCZE-SG-NK exhibits excellent cell performance with a maximum power output density of approximately 0.58 W cm −2 during a 40-h operation at 700 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The first report on tobacco straw lignin degradation by bacterium of genus Bacillus. • Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SL-7 secreted Lip, MnP and Lac to degrade lignin. • The practical application effect of this strain on tobacco straw compost was explored. Using tobacco straw (Ts) and lignin as the sole carbon source, a strain was isolated from Ts and identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SL- 7 by 16S rDNA gene-sequencing technology.7-day incubation of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SL- 7 can reduce the chemical oxygen demand (COD) by 69.35% in lignin mineral salt medium. The activity of Manganese peroxidase (MnP) reached maximum level 258.57 U L−1, and Lignin peroxidase (Lip) was 422.68 U L−1 at 4th day. The highest Laccase (Lac) activity (55.95 U L−1) was observed at 3th day. After straw-liquid fermentation degradation of 15 days, the bacterial could degrade 28.55% lignin of the straw which was close to that of fungi. Compared with the control group and effective microorganisms (EM) group, the lignin degradation rate in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SL-7 group increased by 22.26% and 11.70% at 41-day compost fermentation of tobacco straw. These show the strain has strong lignin degradation performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]